Method and apparatus for detecting and measuring conditions affecting color
First Claim
1. A process of detecting a condition in a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic, detectable change in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, the process comprising the steps of:
- (a) at a first point in time, measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of at least one color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, said color factor being dependent, at least in part, on relative content of one or more colors in said coloration,(b) waiting an interval,(c) measuring with the color measuring instrument, at least at one further point in time, a value of said color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, and(d) comparing the values of said color factor measured at said first and said further point in time to determine whether there has been exhibited a change therein of a predetermined magnitude evidencing said condition, andwherein each of steps (a) and (c) comprises measuring the value of a color factor that is dependent on relative content of opponent colors in said coloration and on lightness of said coloration.
3 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A method and apparatus for determining the condition of a test subject based on color uses a color measuring instrument to detect change in a color factor indicative of a condition such as a disease, spoilage, ageing, etc. A medical condition such as hyperbilirubinemia that affects skin color can be detected. One measures color factors such as Hunter b and L in the subjects'"'"' skin color. For predetermined ranges of one color factor, in particular L, changes in the other color factor, e.g. Hunter b, above predetermined levels are indicative of the medical condition. In many cases, a single measurement of the color factors can be utilized as a warning of the likelihood of the medical or contaminated condition, if the ordinary range of the color factor is known for healthy individuals with skin coloration like that of the test subject. Even if there has been no baseline measurement and the test subject'"'"'s color is such that a single reading of one or two color factors will not warn of the possible presence of the medical condition or contamination, sequential readings can indicate the presence or absence of the condition based upon changes in the measured color factor, or lack of changes. The color measuring techniques apply to a wide range of biological test subjects (e.g. hair, teeth, tissue, excretions, foods, soil, animals, plants).
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Citations
74 Claims
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1. A process of detecting a condition in a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic, detectable change in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, the process comprising the steps of:
-
(a) at a first point in time, measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of at least one color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, said color factor being dependent, at least in part, on relative content of one or more colors in said coloration, (b) waiting an interval, (c) measuring with the color measuring instrument, at least at one further point in time, a value of said color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, and (d) comparing the values of said color factor measured at said first and said further point in time to determine whether there has been exhibited a change therein of a predetermined magnitude evidencing said condition, and wherein each of steps (a) and (c) comprises measuring the value of a color factor that is dependent on relative content of opponent colors in said coloration and on lightness of said coloration. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52)
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-
2. A process of detecting a condition in a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic, detectable change in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, the process comprising the steps of:
-
(a) at a first point in time, measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of at least one color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, said color factor being dependent, at least in part, on relative content of one or more colors in said coloration, (b) waiting an interval, (c) measuring with the color measuring instrument, at least at one further point in time, a value of said color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, and (d) comparing the values of said color factor measured at said first and said further point in time to determine whether there has been exhibited a change therein of a predetermined magnitude evidencing said condition, and wherein each of steps (a) and (c) comprises measuring the value of a color factor that comprises a first function weighted in a first portion of the spectrum, a second function weighted in a second portion of the spectrum, and a weighting term that is a function of lightness of said coloration and that modifies the value of the color factor. - View Dependent Claims (3)
-
-
4. A process of detecting a condition in a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic coloration;
- the process comprising the steps of;
(a) measuring with a color measuring instrument a value in the test subject'"'"'s coloration of at least one color factor, said color factor being dependent on said coloration and being correlatable, in test subjects having colorations of substantially varying degrees of lightness or darkness, to a measure of the condition that has clinical utility, and (b) comparing the measured value of said color factor with a predetermined range of values of the color factor to determine whether said measured value of said color factor evidences said condition in said test subject. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6, 7, 8)
- the process comprising the steps of;
-
9. A process of detecting a condition in a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic, detectable change in the coloration of the test subject;
- the process comprising the steps of;
(a) at a first point in time, measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of relative content of opponent colors in the coloration of the test subject, (b) waiting an interval, (c) measuring with the color measuring instrument, at least at one further point in time, a value of relative content of said opponent colors in the coloration of the test subject, and (d) comparing the values measured at said first and said further points in time to determine whether there has been exhibited a change therein of a predetermined magnitude that evidences said condition and that is correlatable, in test subjects having colorations of substantially varying degrees of lightness or darkness, to a measure of said condition that has clinical utility. - View Dependent Claims (10)
- the process comprising the steps of;
-
11. A process of detecting a condition in a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic, detectable change in the test subject'"'"'s coloration;
- the process comprising the steps of;
(a) at a first point in time, measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of at least one color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, said color factor being dependent, at least in part, on relative content of one or more colors in said coloration, (b) waiting an interval, (c) measuring with the color measuring instrument, at least at one further point in time, a value of said color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, (d) comparing the values of said color factor measured at said first and said further point in time to arrive at a value of change in color factor, and (e) comparing the value of change in color factor with a preestablished measure of color factor value change that is known to evidence said condition and that is correlatable, in test subjects having colorations of substantially varying degrees of lightness or darkness, to a measure of the condition that has clinical utility. - View Dependent Claims (27, 33)
- the process comprising the steps of;
-
12. A process of detecting a condition in a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic, detectable change in the test subject'"'"'s coloration;
- the process comprising the steps of;
(a) at a first point in time, measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of at least one color factor Hunter b in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, said color factor Hunter b being dependent, at least in part, on relative content of one or more colors in said coloration, (b) waiting an interval, (c) measuring with the color measuring instrument, at least at one further point in time, a value of said color factor Hunter b in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, and (d) comparing the values of said color factor Hunter b measured at said first and further points in time to determine whether there has been exhibited a change therein of a predetermined magnitude evidencing said condition.
- the process comprising the steps of;
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13. A process of detecting the jaundice caused by hyperbilirubinemia in an infant test subject, which jaundice includes a symptomatic, detectable change in the infant'"'"'s coloration;
- the process comprising the steps of;
(a) establishing a baseline measurement for said infant by measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of at least one color factor in the infant'"'"'s coloration at a first point in time following birth when jaundice resulting from hyperbilirubinemia is generally not present in an infant, said color factor being dependent, at least in part, on relative content of one or more colors in said coloration, (b) waiting an interval, (c) measuring with the color measuring instrument, at least at one further point in time, a value of said color factor in the infant'"'"'s coloration, and (d) comparing the value of said color factor baseline measurement at said first point in time and said value of said color factor at the further point in time to determine whether there has been exhibited a change therein of a predetermined magnitude for that particular infant.
- the process comprising the steps of;
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14. A process of detecting a condition in a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic, detectable change in the test subject'"'"'s coloration;
- the process comprising the steps of;
(a) establishing a plurality of coloration classes in which a predetermined magnitude of a change in value of at least one color factor is indicative of the condition, said predetermined magnitude indicative of the condition differing from one coloration class to another, (b) at a first point in time, measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of the at least one color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, said color factor being dependent, at least in part, on relative content of one or more colors in said coloration, (c) waiting an interval, (d) measuring with the color instrument, at east at one further point in time, a value of said color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, and (e) comparing the values of said color factor measured at said first and said further points in time to determine whether there has been exhibited a change therein of the predetermined magnitude evidencing said condition for the particular coloration class of the test subject. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
- the process comprising the steps of;
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22. A process of detecting a medical condition, which condition includes a symptomatic, detectable change in a test subject'"'"'s coloration;
- the process comprising the steps of;
(a) establishing a baseline measurement for said test subject by measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of at least one color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration at a first point in time when the symptomatic, detectable change in coloration resulting from the medical condition is generally not present in a test subject, said color factor being dependent, at least in part, on relative content of one or more colors in said coloration, (b) waiting an interval, (c) measuring with the color measuring instrument, at least at one further point in time, a value of said color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, and (d) comparing the value of said color factor baseline measurement at said first point in time and said value of said color factor at the further point in time to determine whether there has been exhibited a change therein of a predetermined magnitude for that particular test subject.
- the process comprising the steps of;
-
25. A process of detecting the condition of a test subject based on coloration of said test subject;
- the process comprising the steps of;
(a) measuring with a color measuring instrument the value of at least one color factor Hunter b in said coloration of the test subject, and (b) comparing the measured value of said color factor Hunter b with a range of values of Hunter b that are indicative of either the presence or absence of the condition in a subject to determine if the measured value of said color factor lies inside or outside the range. - View Dependent Claims (43)
- the process comprising the steps of;
-
26. A process of detecting a condition in a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic coloration;
- the process comprising the steps of;
(a) measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of at least one color factor, Hunter b, in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, said color factor being dependent on said coloration, (b) comparing the measured value of said color factor with a predetermined range of values of the color factor to determine whether said measured value of said color factor evidences said condition in said test subject, (c) measuring the value of said color factor in the coloration of the test subject subsequent to the first-mentioned measurement, (d) determining any difference between the first-mentioned and subsequent measurements, and (e) comparing said difference to a range of values of change of Hunter b to determine whether a change in Hunter b value inside or outside said range is present, indicative of either the presence or absence of the condition. - View Dependent Claims (28)
- the process comprising the steps of;
-
29. A process of detecting a condition in a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic, detectable change in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, the process comprising the steps of:
-
(a) at a first point in time, measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of at least one color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, said color factor being dependent, at least in part, on relative content of one or more colors in said coloration, (b) waiting an interval, (c) measuring with the color measuring instrument, at least at one further point in time, a value of said color factor in the test subject'"'"'s coloration, and (d) comparing the values of said color factor measured at said first and said further point in time to determine whether there has been established a change therein of a predetermined magnitude evidencing said condition, and wherein each of steps (a) and (c) comprises measuring the value of a color factor that is dependent on lightness of said coloration. - View Dependent Claims (42)
-
-
44. In a process for detecting the condition of a test subject, which condition includes a symptomatic, detectable coloration;
- the improvement comprising the steps of;
(a) compiling a group of lightness measure value ranges, and (b) associating with each lightness measure value range a value of a color factor for use in comparison with a measurement of the value of that color factor in the coloration of a test subject having a measured lightness within said range. - View Dependent Claims (53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59)
- the improvement comprising the steps of;
-
60. A process of detecting hyperbilirubinemia in a test subject based on skin coloration of said test subject;
- the process comprising the steps of;
(a) measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of a first color factor whose value is substantially that of Hunter b in said skin coloration of the test subject, (b) measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of a second color factor whose value is substantially that of Hunter L in said skin coloration of the test subject; and (c) comparing the measured value of said first color factor with a range of acceptable values of said first color factor that are found in subjects in the absence of hyperbilirubinemia, said subjects having a skin coloration corresponding to the particular measured value of said second color factor in said test subject to determine if the measured value of said first color factor lies inside or outside the range, wherein said range of acceptable values is selected from ranges substantially as follows;
space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ No. Hunter L Hunter b ______________________________________ 1. <
27 -5* 2. <
27 6 3. <
27 7 4. <
27 8 5. <
27 9 6. <
27 10 7. <
27 11 8. <
27 12+** 9. 27 to <
30 -5 10. 27 to <
30 6 11. 27 to <
30 7 12. 27 to <
30 8 13. 27 to <
30 9 14. 27 to <
30 10 15. 27 to <
30 11 16. 27 to <
30 12+ 17. 30 to <
33 -5 18. 30 to <
33 6 19. 30 to <
33 7 20. 30 to <
33 8 21. 30 to <
33 9 22. 30 to <
33 10 23. 30 to <
33 11 24. 30 to <
33 12+ 25. 33 to <
36 -5 26. 33 to <
36 6 27. 33 to <
36 7 28. 33 to <
36 8 29. 33 to <
36 9 30. 33 to <
36 10 31. 33 to <
36 11 32. 33 to <
36 12+ 33. 36 to <
39 -5 34. 36 to <
39 6 35. 36 to <
39 7 36. 36 to <
39 8 37. 36 to <
39 9 38. 36 to <
39 10 39. 36 to <
39 11 40. 36 to <
39 12 41. 36 to <
39 13 42. 36 to <
39 14 43. 36 to <
39 15+ 44. 39 to <
42 -5 45. 39 to <
42 6 46. 39 to <
42 7 47. 39 to <
42 8 48. 39 to <
42 9 49. 39 to <
42 10 50. 39 to <
42 11 51. 39 to <
42 12 52. 39 to <
42 13 53. 39 to <
42 14 54. 39 to <
42 15+ 55. 42 to <
45 -5 56. 42 to <
45 6 57. 42 to <
45 7 58. 42 to <
45 8 59. 42 to <
45 9 60. 42 to <
45 10 61. 42 to <
45 11 62. 42 to <
45 12 63. 42 to <
45 13 64. 42 to <
45 14 65. 42 to <
45 15 66. 42 to <
45 16 67. 42 to <
45 17 68. 42 to <
45 18+ 69. 45 to <
48 -5 70. 45 to <
48 6 71. 45 to <
48 7 72. 45 to <
48 8 73. 45 to <
48 9 74. 45 to <
48 10 75. 45 to <
48 11 76. 45 to <
48 12 77. 45 to <
48 13 78. 45 to <
48 14 79. 45 to <
48 15 80. 45 to <
48 16 81. 45 to <
48 17 82. 45 to <
48 18+ 83. 48 to <
51 -5 84. 48 to <
51 6 85. 48 to <
51 7 86. 48 to <
51 8 87. 48 to <
51 9 88. 48 to <
51 10 89. 48 to <
51 11 90. 48 to <
51 12 91. 48 to <
51 13 92. 48 to <
51 14 93. 48 to <
51 15 94. 48 to <
51 16 95. 48 to <
51 17 96. 48 to <
51 18 97. 48 to <
51 19 98. 48 to <
51 20+ 99. 51 to <
54 -5 100. 51 to <
54 6 101. 51 to <
54 7 102. 51 to <
54 8 103. 51 to <
54 9 104. 51 to <
54 10 105. 51 to <
54 11 106. 51 to <
54 12 107. 51 to <
54 13 108. 51 to <
54 14 109. 51 to <
54 15 110. 51 to <
54 16 111. 51 to <
54 17 112. 51 to <
54 18 113. 51 to <
54 19 114. 51 to <
54 20+ 115. 54 to <
57 -5 116. 54 to <
57 6 117. 54 to <
57 7 118. 54 to <
57 8 119. 54 to <
57 9 120. 54 to <
57 10 121. 54 to <
57 11 122. 54 to <
57 12 123. 54 to <
57 13 124. 54 to <
57 14 125. 54 to <
57 15 126. 54 to <
57 16 127. 54 to <
57 17 128. 54 to <
57 18 129. 54 to <
57 19 130. 54 to <
57 20+ 131. 57 to <
60 -5 132. 57 to <
60 6 133. 57 to <
60 7 134. 57 to <
60 8 135. 57 to <
60 9 136. 57 to <
60 10 137. 57 to <
60 11 138. 57 to <
60 12 139. 57 to <
60 13 140. 57 to <
60 14 141. 57 to <
60 15 142. 57 to <
60 16 143. 57 to <
60 17 144. 57 to <
60 18 145. 57 to <
60 19 146. 57 to <
60 20+ 147. 60 to <
63 -5 148. 60 to <
63 6 149. 60 to <
63 7 150. 60 to <
63 8 151. 60 to <
63 9 152. 60 to <
63 10 153. 60 to <
63 11 154. 60 to <
63 12 155. 60 to <
63 13 156. 60 to <
63 14 157. 60 to <
63 15 158. 60 to <
63 16 159. 60 to <
63 17 160. 60 to <
63 18 161. 60 to <
63 19 162. 60 to <
63 20+ 163. 63 to <
66 -5 164. 63 to <
66 6 165. 63 to <
66 7 166. 63 to <
66 8 167. 63 to <
66 9 168. 63 to <
66 10 169. 63 to <
66 11 170. 63 to <
66 12 171. 63 to <
66 13 172. 63 to <
66 14 173. 63 to <
66 15 174. 63 to <
66 16 175. 63 to <
66 17 176. 63 to <
66 18 177. 63 to <
66 19 178. 63 to <
66 20+ 179. 66 to <
69 -5 180. 66 to <
69 6 181. 66 to <
69 7 182. 66 to <
69 8 183. 66 to <
69 9 184. 66 to <
69 10 185. 66 to <
69 11 186. 66 to <
69 12 187. 66 to <
69 13 188. 66 to <
69 14 189. 66 to <
69 15 190. 66 to <
69 16 191. 66 to <
69 17 192. 66 to <
69 18 193. 66 to <
69 19 194. 66 to <
69 20+ 195. ≧
69 -5 196. ≧
69 6 197. ≧
69 7 198. ≧
69 8 199. ≧
69 9 200. ≧
69 10 201. ≧
69 11 202. ≧
69 12 203. ≧
69 13 204. ≧
69 14 205. ≧
69 15 206. ≧
69 16 207. ≧
69 17 208. ≧
69 18 209. ≧
69 19 210. ≧
69 20+ ______________________________________Wherein the designation -5 means less than 5 but more than 4 and the designation +12 means more than 12 but less than 13.
- the process comprising the steps of;
-
61. In a process for determining a color characteristic, the improvement comprising the steps of:
-
(a) compiling a group of lightness measure color factor value ranges, said lightness measure color factor comprising a color factor whose value is substantially that of color factor Hunter L, and (b) associating with each lightness measure color factor value range a value of at least one further color factor for use in comparison with a measurement of the value of that color factor in the coloration of a test subject having a lightness measure color factor value in said range, said at least one further color factor comprising a color factor whose value is substantially that of color factor Hunter b and the relationship between said lightness measure color factor value ranges and said associated color factor values being substantially as follows;
space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ No. Hunter L Hunter b ______________________________________ 1. <
27 -5* 2. <
27 6 3. <
27 7 4. <
27 8 5. <
27 9 6. <
27 10 7. <
27 11 8. <
27 12+** 9. 27 to <
30 -5 10. 27 to <
30 6 11. 27 to <
30 7 12. 27 to <
30 8 13. 27 to <
30 9 14. 27 to <
30 10 15. 27 to <
30 11 16. 27 to <
30 12+ 17. 30 to <
33 -5 18. 30 to <
33 6 19. 30 to <
33 7 20. 30 to <
33 8 21. 30 to <
33 9 22. 30 to <
33 10 23. 30 to <
33 11 24. 30 to <
33 12+ 25. 33 to <
36 -5 26. 33 to <
36 6 27. 33 to <
36 7 28. 33 to <
36 8 29. 33 to <
36 9 30. 33 to <
36 10 31. 33 to <
36 11 32. 33 to <
36 12+ 33. 36 to <
39 -5 34. 36 to <
39 6 35. 36 to <
39 7 36. 36 to <
39 8 37. 36 to <
39 9 38. 36 to <
39 10 39. 36 to <
39 11 40. 36 to <
39 12 41. 36 to <
39 13 42. 36 to <
39 14 43. 36 to <
39 15+ 44. 39 to <
42 -5 45. 39 to <
42 6 46. 39 to <
42 7 47. 39 to <
42 8 48. 39 to <
42 9 49. 39 to <
42 10 50. 39 to <
42 11 51. 39 to <
42 12 52. 39 to <
42 13 53. 39 to <
42 14 54. 39 to <
42 15+ 55. 42 to <
45 -5 56. 42 to <
45 6 57. 42 to <
45 7 58. 42 to <
45 8 59. 42 to <
45 9 60. 42 to <
45 10 61. 42 to <
45 11 62. 42 to <
45 12 63. 42 to <
45 13 64. 42 to <
45 14 65. 42 to <
45 15 66. 42 to <
45 16 67. 42 to <
45 17 68. 42 to <
45 18+ 69. 45 to <
48 -5 70. 45 to <
48 6 71. 45 to <
48 7 72. 45 to <
48 8 73. 45 to <
48 9 74. 45 to <
48 10 75. 45 to <
48 11 76. 45 to <
48 12 77. 45 to <
48 13 78. 45 to <
48 14 79. 45 to <
48 15 80. 45 to <
48 16 81. 45 to <
48 17 82. 45 to <
48 18+ 83. 48 to <
51 -5 84. 48 to <
51 6 85. 48 to <
51 7 86. 48 to <
51 8 87. 48 to <
51 9 88. 48 to <
51 10 89. 48 to <
51 11 90. 48 to <
51 12 91. 48 to <
51 13 92. 48 to <
51 14 93. 48 to <
51 15 94. 48 to <
51 16 95. 48 to <
51 17 96. 48 to <
51 18 97. 48 to <
51 19 98. 48 to <
51 20+ 99. 51 to <
54 -5 100. 51 to <
54 6 101. 51 to <
54 7 102. 51 to <
54 8 103. 51 to <
54 9 104. 51 to <
54 10 105. 51 to <
54 11 106. 51 to <
54 12 107. 51 to <
54 13 108. 51 to <
54 14 109. 51 to <
54 15 110. 51 to <
54 16 111. 51 to <
54 17 112. 51 to <
54 18 113. 51 to <
54 19 114. 51 to <
54 20+ 115. 54 to <
57 -5 116. 54 to <
57 6 117. 54 to <
57 7 118. 54 to <
57 8 119. 54 to <
57 9 120. 54 to <
57 10 121. 54 to <
57 11 122. 54 to <
57 12 123. 54 to <
57 13 124. 54 to <
57 14 125. 54 to <
57 15 126. 54 to <
57 16 127. 54 to <
57 17 128. 54 to <
57 18 129. 54 to <
57 19 130. 54 to <
57 20+ 131. 57 to <
60 -5 132. 57 to <
60 6 133. 57 to <
60 7 134. 57 to <
60 8 135. 57 to <
60 9 136. 57 to <
60 10 137. 57 to <
60 11 138. 57 to <
60 12 139. 57 to <
60 13 140. 57 to <
60 14 141. 57 to <
60 15 142. 57 to <
60 16 143. 57 to <
60 17 144. 57 to <
60 18 145. 57 to <
60 19 146. 57 to <
60 20+ 147. 60 to <
63 -5 148. 60 to <
63 6 149. 60 to <
63 7 150. 60 to <
63 8 151. 60 to <
63 9 152. 60 to <
63 10 153. 60 to <
63 11 154. 60 to <
63 12 155. 60 to <
63 13 156. 60 to <
63 14 157. 60 to <
63 15 158. 60 to <
63 16 159. 60 to <
63 17 160. 60 to <
63 18 161. 60 to <
63 19 162. 60 to <
63 20+ 163. 63 to <
66 -5 164. 63 to <
66 6 165. 63 to <
66 7 166. 63 to <
66 8 167. 63 to <
66 9 168. 63 to <
66 10 169. 63 to <
66 11 170. 63 to <
66 12 171. 63 to <
66 13 172. 63 to <
66 14 173. 63 to <
66 15 174. 63 to <
66 16 175. 63 to <
66 17 176. 63 to <
66 18 177. 63 to <
66 19 178. 63 to <
66 20+ 179. 66 to <
69 -5 180. 66 to <
69 6 181. 66 to <
69 7 182. 66 to <
69 8 183. 66 to <
69 9 184. 66 to <
69 10 185. 66 to <
69 11 186. 66 to <
69 12 187. 66 to <
69 13 188. 66 to <
69 14 189. 66 to <
69 15 190. 66 to <
69 16 191. 66 to <
69 17 192. 66 to <
69 18 193. 66 to <
69 19 194. 66 to <
69 20+ 195. ≧
69 -5 196. ≧
69 6 197. ≧
69 7 198. ≧
69 8 199. ≧
69 9 200. ≧
69 10 201. ≧
69 11 202. ≧
69 12 203. ≧
69 13 204. ≧
69 14 205. ≧
69 15 206. ≧
69 16 207. ≧
69 17 208. ≧
69 18 209. ≧
69 19 210. ≧
69 20+ ______________________________________Wherein the designation -5 means less than 5 but more than 4 and the designation +12 means more than 12 but less than 13. - View Dependent Claims (62, 63)
-
-
64. In a process for determining a color characteristic, the improvement comprising the steps of:
-
(a) compiling a group of lightness measure color factor value ranges, said lightness measure color factor comprising a color factor whose value is substantially that of Hunter L, and (b) associating with each lightness measure color factor value range a value of at least one further color factor for use in comparison with a measurement of the value of that at least one further color factor in the coloration of a test subject having a lightness measure color factor value in a corresponding range, said at least one further color factor comprising a color factor whose value is substantially that of color factor Hunter a, and the relationship between said lightness measure color factor value ranges and said associated color factor values being substantially as follows;
space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ Hunter L Hunter a ______________________________________ 24 (or less) to 44 4 to 16 45 to 54 4 to 18 55 to 59 5 to 25 60 to 71 (or more) 6 to 30. ______________________________________
-
-
65. In a process for determining a color characteristic, the improvement comprising the steps of:
-
(a) compiling a group of lightness measure color factor value ranges, said ranges comprising at least one range of a color factor whose value is substantially that of color factor Hunter L, said at least one range being selected from the ranges substantially as follows;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Hunter L=<
27, 27 to <
30, 30 to <
33, 33 to <
36, 36 to <
39, 39 to <
42, 42 to <
45, 45 to <
48, 48 to <
51, 51 to <
54, 54 to <
57, 57 to <
60, 60 to <
63, 63 to <
66, 66 to <
69, and ≦
69, and(b) associating with each lightness measure color factor value range a value of a color factor for use in comparison with a measurement of the value of that color factor in the coloration of a test subject having a lightness measure color factor value within said range.
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66. A process of evaluating a test subject based on the coloration of said test subject, the process comprising the steps of:
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(a) measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of a first color factor in said test subject'"'"'s coloration, said first color factor being dependent on the lightness of the coloration of said test subject; and (b) measuring with a color measuring instrument a value of at least one further color factor in said test subject'"'"'s coloration, said further color factor being dependent on the relative content of opponent colors in the coloration of said test subject; wherein at least one of steps (a) and (b) comprises arriving at a value of said color factor that correlates to a measure of coloration having established laboratory utility. - View Dependent Claims (67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72)
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73. In a process for evaluating the coloration of a test subject, the improvement comprising the steps of:
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(a) compiling a group of lightness measure color factor value ranges, said lightness measure color factor comprising a color factor whose value is substantially that of color factor Hunter L; and (b) associating with each lightness measure color factor value range a value of at least one further color factor for use in comparison with a measurement of the value of that color factor in the coloration of a test subject having a lightness measure color value in said range, said at least one further color factor comprising a color factor whose value is substantially that of at least one of color factors Hunter b and Hunter a, and the relationship between said lightness measure color factor value ranges and said associated color factor values being substantially as follows;
space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ CATEGORY L a b NAME Min Max Min Max Min Max ______________________________________ Black 0.00 14.00 -10.00 3.00 -10.00 5.00 Darkest Dark 14.00 16.00 -10.00 3.00 -10.00 1.00 Brown Darkest Dark 14.00 16.00 -10.00 3.00 1.00 1.15 Brown Darkest Dark 14.00 16.00 -10.00 3.00 1.15 1.25 Brown Darkest Dark 14.00 16.00 -10.00 3.00 1.25 3.00 Brown Darker Dark 16.00 19.00 -10.00 3.00 -10.00 2.70 Brown Darker Dark 16.00 19.00 -10.00 3.00 2.70 2.95 Brown Darker Dark 16.00 19.00 -10.00 3.00 2.95 3.20 Brown Darker Dark 16.00 19.00 -10.00 3.00 3.20 10.00 Brown Darker Dark 16.00 19.00 2.00 3.00 -10.00 2.70 Brown (Cool Auburn Tones) Darker Dark 16.00 19.00 2.00 3.00 3.20 10.00 Brown (Warm Auburn Tones) Brown 19.00 22.00 0.00 6.00 -10.00 2.95 Brown 19.00 22.00 0.00 6.00 2.95 3.20 Brown 19.00 22.00 0.00 6.00 3.20 3.45 Brown 19.00 22.00 0.00 6.00 3.45 10.00 Brown 19.00 22.00 3.50 6.00 3.45 10.00 (Warm Auburn Tones) Brown 19.00 22.00 3.50 6.00 -10.00 3.45 (Cool Auburn Tones) Medium Brown 22.00 27.00 1.00 6.00 -10.00 3.75 Medium Brown 22.00 27.00 1.00 6.00 3.75 4.00 Golden Med. 22.00 27.00 1.00 6.00 4.00 4.25 Brown Golden Med. 22.00 27.00 1.00 6.00 4.25 10.00 Brown Medium Brown 22.00 27.00 3.50 6.00 4.25 10.00 (Warm Auburn Tones) Medium Brown 22.00 27.00 3.50 6.00 -10.00 4.25 (Cool Auburn Tones) Darkest Med. 27.00 28.00 1.80 6.00 -5.00 6.00 Blonde Darkest Med. 27.00 28.00 1.80 5.00 6.00 6.50 Blonde Darkest Med. 27.00 28.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 6.50 Blonde Darkest Med. 27.00 28.00 1.80 6.00 6.50 15.00 Blonde Medium Blonde 28.00 31.00 1.80 6.00 -5.00 6.00 Medium Blonde 28.00 31.00 1.80 5.00 6.00 6.50 Med. Golden 28.00 31.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 6.50 Blonde Med. Golden 28.00 31.00 1.80 6.00 6.50 15.00 Blonde Lightest Med. 31.00 33.00 1.80 6.00 -5.00 6.00 Blonde Lightest Med. 31.00 33.00 1.80 5.00 6.00 6.50 Blonde Lightest Med. 31.00 33.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 6.50 Blonde Lightest Med. 31.00 33.00 1.80 6.00 6.50 15.00 Blonde Light Blonde 33.00 36.00 1.80 6.00 -5.00 7.00 Light Blonde 33.00 36.00 1.80 5.00 7.00 7.50 Light Blonde 33.00 36.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 7.50 Light Blonde 33.00 36.00 1.80 6.00 7.50 20.00 Lighter Blonde 36.00 40.00 1.80 6.00 -5.00 8.00 Lighter Blonde 36.00 40.00 1.80 5.00 8.00 8.50 Lighter Blonde 36.00 40.00 5.00 6.00 8.00 8.50 Lighter Blonde 36.00 40.00 1.80 6.00 8.50 20.00 Lightest Blonde 40.00 80.00 1.80 7.00 -5.00 9.00 Lightest Blonde 40.00 80.00 1.80 5.00 9.00 10.00 Lightest Blonde 40.00 80.00 5.00 7.00 9.00 10.00 Lightest Blonde 40.00 80.00 1.80 7.00 10.00 30.00 Light Red 22.00 28.00 6.00 30.00 -5.00 3.50 Light Red 22.00 28.00 6.00 30.00 3.50 3.75 Light Red 22.00 28.00 6.00 30.00 3.75 4.00 Light Red 22.00 28.00 6.00 30.00 4.00 30.00 Medium Red 19.00 22.00 6.00 30.00 -10.00 3.50 Medium Red 19.00 22.00 6.00 30.00 3.50 3.75 Med. Golden Red 19.00 22.00 6.00 30.00 3.75 4.00 Med. Golden Red 19.00 22.00 6.00 30.00 4.00 30.00 Dark Red 14.00 19.00 3.00 30.00 -10.00 2.50 Dark Red 14.00 19.00 3.00 30.00 2.50 2.75 Dark Red 14.00 19.00 3.00 30.00 2.75 3.00 Dark Red 14.00 19.00 3.00 30.00 3.00 30.00 Red Blonde 27.00 40.00 6.00 30.00 6.00 30.00 Red Blonde 40.00 80.00 7.00 30.00 6.00 30.00 Black/Dk 27.00 50.00 -10.00 1.80 -10.00 3.75 Brown/Med Brown/Brown w/ 70%-90% Grey Black/Dk 27.00 50.00 -10.00 1.80 3.75 4.00 Brown/Med Brown/Brown w/ 70%-90% Grey Black/Dk 27.00 50.00 -10.00 1.80 4.00 4.25 Brown/Med Brown/Brown w/ 70%-90% Grey Black/Dk 27.00 50.00 -10.00 1.80 4.25 10.00 Brown/Med Brown/Brown w/ 70%-90% Grey Black/Dk 23.00 27.00 -10.00 1.00 -10.00 3.75 Brown/Med Brown/Brown w/ 40%-60% Grey Black/Dk 23.00 27.00 -10.00 1.00 3.75 4.00 Brown/Med Brown/Brown w/ 40%-60% Grey Black/Dk 23.00 27.00 -10.00 1.00 4.00 4.25 Brown/Med Brown/Brown w/ 40%-60% Grey Black/Dk 23.00 27.00 -10.00 1.00 4.25 10.00 Brown/Med Brown/Brown w/ 40%-6% Grey For Grey Hair Light Brown/Darkest Blonde 40%-60% Grey 4.00 10.00 -10.00 -0.08 70%-90% Grey 10.00 To -10.00 -0.08 Maximum Dark Red, Medium Red or Medium Light Red 40%-60% Grey 6.00 10.00 -10.00 -0.80 70%-90% Grey 10.00 To -10.00 -0.80 Maximum Light Red or Red Blonde 40%-60% Grey 5.00 7.00 -10.00 -0.80 70%-90% Grey 7.00 To -10.00 -0.80 Maximum Medium to Medium Dark Blonde 40%-60% Grey 1.70 4.00 0.00 0.00 70%-90% Grey 4.00 To 0.00 0.00 Maximum Light Blonde Hair 40%-60% Grey -99.99 -0.25 -1.75 -1.25 70%-90% Grey -99.99 -0.25 -99.99 -1.75 ______________________________________Wherein negative values denote values less than zero. - View Dependent Claims (74)
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Specification