Up-converting reporters for biological and other assays using laser excitation techniques
First Claim
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1. A method for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising the steps of:
- contacting a sample containing a target analyte with a labeled binding component to specifically bind the target analyte and form a labeled binding component-target complex, wherein the labeled binding component comprises a binding component attached to an up-converting inorganic phosphor particle comprising at least one rare earth element and a phosphor host material and being capable of converting excitation radiation to emission radiation of a shorter wavelength;
separating any unbound labeled binding component from the labeled binding component-target complex;
illuminating the labeled binding component-target complex with excitation radiation; and
detecting emission radiation of at least one label emission wavelength, wherein the emission radiation has a shorter wavelength than the excitation radiation.
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Abstract
The invention provides methods, compositions, and apparatus for performing sensitive detection of analytes, such as biological macromolecules and other analytes, by labeling a probe molecule with an up-converting label. The up-converting label absorbs radiation from an illumination source and emits radiation at one or more higher frequencies, providing enhanced signal-to-noise ratio and the essential elimination of background sample autofluorescence. The methods, compositions, and apparatus are suitable for the sensitive detection of multiple analytes and for various clinical and environmental sampling techniques.
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Citations
36 Claims
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1. A method for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising the steps of:
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contacting a sample containing a target analyte with a labeled binding component to specifically bind the target analyte and form a labeled binding component-target complex, wherein the labeled binding component comprises a binding component attached to an up-converting inorganic phosphor particle comprising at least one rare earth element and a phosphor host material and being capable of converting excitation radiation to emission radiation of a shorter wavelength; separating any unbound labeled binding component from the labeled binding component-target complex; illuminating the labeled binding component-target complex with excitation radiation; and detecting emission radiation of at least one label emission wavelength, wherein the emission radiation has a shorter wavelength than the excitation radiation. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A method for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising the steps of:
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contacting a sample containing a target analyte with a binding component to specifically bind the target analyte and form a binding component-target complex; contacting the binding component-target complex with a label to form a labeled binding component-target complex, the label comprising an up-converting inorganic phosphor particle comprising at least one rare earth element and a phosphor host material and being capable of converting excitation radiation to emission radiation of a shorter wavelength; separating any unbound label from the labeled binding component-target complex; illuminating the labeled binding component-target complex with excitation radiation; and detecting emission radiation of at least one label emission wavelength, wherein the emission radiation has a shorter wavelength than the excitation radiation. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. A method for detecting a biotinylated analyte in a sample, comprising the steps of:
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contacting a sample containing a biotinylated analyte with a labelled binding component to specifically bind the biotinylated analyte and form a labeled binding component-target complex, wherein the labeled binding component comprises a streptavidin-coated up-converting inorganic phosphor particle, the up-converting inorganic phosphor particle comprising at least one rare earth element and a phosphor host material and being capable of converting excitation radiation to emission radiation of a shorter wavelength; separating any unbound labeled binding component from the labeled binding component-target complex; illuminating the labeled binding component-target complex with excitation radiation; and detecting emission radiation of at least one label emission wavelength, wherein the emission radiation has a shorter wavelength than the excitation radiation. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28)
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29. A method for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising the steps of:
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contacting a sample containing a target analyte with a labeled binding component to specifically bind the target analyte and form a labeled binding component-target complex, wherein the labeled binding component comprises a binding component attached to an up-converting inorganic phosphor particle comprising at least one rare earth element and a phosphor host material and being capable of converting excitation radiation to emission radiation of a shorter wavelength; differentiating the labeled binding component-target complex from any unbound labeled binding component in the sample; illuminating the labeled binding component-target complex with excitation radiation; and detecting emission radiation of at least one label emission wavelength from the labeled binding component-target complex, wherein the emission radiation has a shorter wavelength than the excitation radiation. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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Specification