Multichannel predistortion linearizer for multiple amplifiers with multiple antennas

• US 5,675,285 A
• Filed: 12/21/1995
• Issued: 10/07/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 12/21/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Winters, Jack H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Mullins, James B.
• Application Number:
  US08/576,149
• Time in Patent Office: 656 Days
• Field of Search: 330/124 R, 330/149, 330/295, 342/373, 343/701, 343/778
• US Class Current: 330/124.00R
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3241 using predistortion circuits H03F1/3211, H03F1/3217 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/602 Combinations of several amplifiers

Abstract

The peaking of multiple input signals applied to the inputs of two or more distinct amplifiers, and the resultant intermodulation, can be reduced, or avoided, by: a) dividing each of the input signals into components from which the original input signals can be reconstructed, e.g., by using a Butler matrix of order greater than 2×2; b) developing a specially constructed signal which is likewise divided into components; c)supplying a component of each of the input signals and a component of the specially constructed signal to at least one of the amplifiers; and d) constructing amplified versions of the original input signals from the outputs of the amplifiers, e.g., by using another identical Butler matrix. The specially constructed signal is generated so as to reduce: 1) peaking at the one of amplifiers whose input signal peaking results in the highest peak during a particular time period; and 2) intermodulation in the output signals. The input signals may each be a modulated carrier signal and each of the amplified versions of the original input signals is supplied to a different antenna for transmission. The specially constructed signal can range over the entire bandwidth of the signals being amplified while the amplified version of it may be discarded, e.g., not supplied to any antenna.

Claims

1. A method for amplifying a plurality of baseband input signals using a plurality of amplifiers, the method comprising the steps of:

modulating each one of a plurality of phase locked carrier signals with a corresponding one of said plurality of baseband input signals, each one of said phase locked carrier signals being at a different frequency;

dividing each of the input signals into components from which the original input signals can be reconstructed;

developing a specially constructed signal which is likewise divided into components wherein said specially constructed signal is generated as a function of (i) said baseband signals and (ii) information indicative of the frequencies and phases of said carrier signals;

supplying a component of each of the input signals and a component of the specially constructed signal to at least one of the amplifiers; and

constructing amplified versions of the input signals from the outputs of the amplifiers.

2. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the specially constructed signal is generated so as to reduce otherwise occurring peaking at at least one of the amplifiers during a particular time period.

3. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein, during at least one time period, the components of said input signals and the specially constructed signal are modified so that at least one of the amplifiers, which is supplied with said modified components and is operating beyond its substantially linear region of operation, approximates the operation of an ideal limiting amplifier with respect to said components of said input signals and the specially constructed signal prior to modification.

4. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein each of said amplified versions of the input signals are supplied to a respective one of a plurality of antennas for transmission.

5. A method as defined in claim 4 wherein an amplified version of said constructed signal is not supplied to or transmitted by any of said plurality of antennas.

6. Apparatus for amplifying a plurality of baseband input signals, comprising:

a plurality of modulating means for modulating each one of a plurality of phase locked carrier signals by a corresponding one of said plurality of baseband signals and producing a plurality of modulated input signals, each of said phase locked carrier signals being at a different frequency;

means for dividing each of the modulated input signals into components from which the original input signals can be reconstructed;

means for developing a specially constructed signal which is likewise divided into components wherein said means for developing the specially constructed signal generates the specially constructed signal as a function of (i) said baseband signals and (ii) information indicative of the frequencies and phases of said carrier signals;

a plurality of amplifiers, each for amplifying a component of each of the input signals and a component of the specially constructed signal; and

means for constructing amplified versions of the input signals from the outputs of the amplifiers.

7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein said means for developing the specially constructed signal develops the specially constructed signal so as to reduce otherwise occurring peaking at at least one of the amplifiers during a particular time period.

8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 further including means for modifying, during at least one time period, the components of said input signals and the specially constructed signal supplied so that at least one of the amplifiers, which is supplied with said modified components and is operating beyond its substantially linear region of operation, approximates the operation of an ideal limiting amplifier with respect to said components of said input signals and the specially constructed signal prior to modification.

9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 further including a plurality of antennas and wherein each of said amplified versions of the input signals are supplied to a respective one of said antennas for transmission.

10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein an amplified version of said constructed signal is not supplied to or transmitted by any of said antennas.

11. Apparatus for amplifying N input signals to produce N output signals, each of said N output signals being an amplified version of a respective one of said input signals, where N is greater than one, the apparatus comprising:

a first Butler matrix having N+1 input ports and N+1 output ports, N of said input ports each receiving one of said N input signals;

N+1 amplifiers, each having an input port and an output port, the input port of each of said amplifiers being coupled to a respective one of said N+1 output ports of said first Butler matrix;

a second Butler matrix having N+1 input ports and N+1 output ports, each of said N+1 input ports of said second Butler matrix being coupled to the output port of a respective one of said amplifiers, N of said output ports of said second Butler network supplying said N output signals; and

a peaking reduction signal generator which supplies a peaking reduction signal to said input port of said first Butler matrix that is not receiving one of said N input signals, said peaking reduction signal being generated as a function of said N input signals.

12. The invention as defined in claim 11 wherein said peaking reduction signal is generated to reduce otherwise occurring peaking at at least one of said amplifiers during a particular time period.

13. The invention as defined in claim 11 wherein said peaking reduction signal is generated so as to reduce the peaking at a one of said amplifiers which would otherwise have a maximum peak during a particular time period.

14. The invention as defined in claim 11 wherein said peaking reduction signal generator includes a digital signal processor.

15. The invention as defined in claim 11 wherein said N input signals are developed by modulating N different frequency carrier signals by a respective one of N baseband signals.

16. The invention as defined in claim 15 wherein each of said N baseband signals are developed from a respective one of N digital signals.

17. The invention as defined in claim 16 wherein said peaking reduction signal generator receives said N digital signals as an input.

18. The invention as defined in claim 17 wherein said peaking reduction signal generator includes a digital signal processor that generates a digital peak reducing signal from which said peaking reduction signal is generated by converting said digital peak reducing signal to an analog baseband peak reducing signal and then modulating a carrier signal using said analog baseband peak reducing signal.

19. The invention as defined in claim 17 wherein said peaking reduction signal generator generates said peaking reduction signal as a function of:

(i) said N digital signals and (ii) phase and frequency information for said carrier signals.

20. Apparatus for amplifying N input signals to produce N output signals corresponding to said N input signals, where N is an integer greater than one, each of said N output signals being an amplified version of a respective one of said N input signals, the apparatus comprising:

means responsive to said N input signals for generating a peaking reduction signal;

means responsive to said N input signals and to said peaking reduction signal for performing an involutory transform on said N input signals and said peaking reduction signal and for supplying as an output M output signals, where M is equal to or greater than N+1 and less than 2N, each of said M output signals containing a component of each of said N input signals and said peaking reduction signal;

M means for amplifying, each being coupled to receive as an input a respective one of said M output signals supplied from said first involutory transform means and each for supplying as an output an amplified version of said M output signals; and

means for performing an involutory transform on said amplified M output signals, and for supplying as an output amplified versions of said N input signals and an amplified version of said peaking reduction signal.

21. The apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein said peaking reduction signal includes a plurality of signals and wherein M equals N plus the number of signals that are included in said peaking reduction signal.

22. The apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein each of said means for performing involutory transforms are Butler matrices having an order greater than 2×

2.

23. The apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein said means for generating said peaking reduction signal generates said peaking reduction signal to reduce otherwise occurring peaking at at least one of said amplifiers during a particular time period.

24. The apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein said means for generating said peaking reduction signal generates said peaking reduction signal so as to reduce the peaking at a one of said amplifiers which would otherwise have a maximum peak during a particular time period.

25. The apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein said first means for performing an involutory transform on said N input signals performs said transform digitally.

26. The apparatus as claimed in claim 20 wherein said N input signals are derived by modulating each of N carrier signals by a respective one of N baseband signals.

27. The apparatus as claimed in claim 26 wherein said means for generating a peaking reduction signal generates said peaking reduction signal as a function of said N baseband signals.

28. The apparatus as claimed in claim 26 wherein said means for generating receives said N baseband signals in digital form.

29. Apparatus for amplifying N input signals to produce N output signals, where N is greater than one, each of said N output signals corresponding to a respective one of said input signals, the apparatus comprising:

a first Butler matrix having N+1 input ports and N+1 output ports, N of said input ports each receiving one of said input signals;

N+1 amplifiers, each of said amplifiers being arranged to amplify a received version of a respective one of said N+1 signals supplied as an output from said first Butler matrix;

a second Butler matrix having N+1 input ports and N+1 output ports, each of said N+1 input ports of said second Butler matrix receiving a respective one of said amplified versions of said signals supplied as outputs from said N+1 amplifiers, N of said output ports of said second Butler network supplying said N output signals; and

a peaking reduction signal generator, said peaking reduction signal being (i) supplied to the input port of said first Butler matrix that is not receiving one of said N input signals, and (ii) being generated as a function of said N input signals to reduce the otherwise resulting intermodulation in said N output signals.

30. The invention as defined in claim 29 wherein said peaking reduction signal is generated to reduce otherwise occurring peaking at at least one of said amplifiers during a particular time period.

31. The invention as defined in claim 29 wherein said peaking reduction signal is generated so as to reduce the peaking at a one of said amplifiers which would otherwise have a maximum peak during a particular time period.

32. The invention as defined in claim 29 further including linearizing means for modifying at least one of said signals supplied from said first Butler matrix so that at least one of said amplifiers approximates operation of an ideal limiting amplifier with respect to said signal supplied from said first Butler matrix during a particular time period when said at least one of said amplifiers is operating beyond its substantially linear region.

33. The invention as defined in claim 29 further including N+1 modulators, each of said N+1 modulators (i) receiving one of said N+1 output signals from a respective one of said first Butler matrix output ports and (ii) employing said received one of said N+1 output signals to modulate a respective carrier signal that is also input thereto so as to produce a modulated carrier signal which is supplied as said version of a respective one of said N+1 signals supplied as an output from said first Butler matrix that is received as an input by said amplifiers.

34. The invention as defined in claim 33 wherein said first Butler matrix is implemented digitally and further comprising N+1 digital to analog converters each of which receives one of said outputs of said first Butler matrix and develops an analog signal corresponding thereto which is then supplied for use as the version of said input signal supplied to said amplifier.

35. The invention as defined in claim 33 wherein each of said carrier signals has a distinct frequency and said carrier signals are phase locked.

36. The invention as defined in claim 29 wherein said first Butler matrix is implemented digitally and further comprising:

N+1 digital to analog converters each of which receives one of said outputs of said first Butler matrix and develops an analog signal corresponding thereto; and

N+1 modulators, each of said N+1 modulators (i) receiving a respective one of said N+1 analog signals and (ii) employing said received one of said N+1 output signals to modulate a respective carrier signal that is also input thereto, so as to produce a modulated carrier signal which is supplied as said version of a respective one of said N+1 signals supplied as an output from said first Butler matrix that is received as an input by said amplifiers.

37. Apparatus comprising:

first and second Butler matrices having an order greater than 2×

2;

a plurality of amplifiers; and

a peaking reduction signal generator;

wherein (i) said first Butler matrix receives as inputs a plurality of input signals for amplification and transmission as well as at least a peaking reduction signal supplied as an output from said peaking reduction signal generator, (ii) a version of each output of said first Butler matrix is amplified by a respective one of said plurality of amplifiers, and (iii) said second Butler matrix receives as an input the outputs of said amplifiers and supplies as an output at least amplified versions of said input signals for amplification and transmission.

38. The invention as defined in claim 37 wherein said versions of each of the outputs of said first Butler matrix that are amplified by a respective one of said plurality of amplifiers are developed by using each of said outputs of said first Butler matrix to modulate a respective carrier signal.

39. The invention as defined in claim 37 wherein said peaking reduction signal is generated so as to reduce otherwise occurring peaking at at least one of said amplifiers during a particular time period.

40. The invention as defined in claim 37 wherein said peaking reduction signal is generated to reduce the peaking at a one of said amplifiers which would otherwise have a maximum peak during a particular time period.

41. The invention as defined in claim 37 wherein said peaking reduction signal is generated as a function of said plurality of input signals for amplification and transmission.

42. Apparatus for amplifying N input signals to produce N output signals corresponding to said N input signals, where N is an integer greater than one, each of said N output signals being an amplified version of a respective one of said input signals, the apparatus comprising:

means responsive to said N input signals for generating a peaking reduction signal;

first means for performing an involutory transform on said N input signals and said peaking reduction signal and for supplying as an output N+1! M output signals, where M is equal to or greater than N+1 and less than 2N, and at least one of said N+1! M output signals containing a component of (i) at least one of said input signals and (ii) said peaking reduction signal;

N+1! M means for amplifying, each being coupled to receive as an input a respective one of said N+1! M output signals supplied from said first involutory transform means and supplying as an output an amplified version of said N+1! M output signals; and

second means for performing an involutory transform on said amplified N+1! M output signals, and for supplying as an output amplified versions of said N input signals and an amplified version of said peaking reduction signal.