Modular cache memory battery backup system

• US 5,677,890 A
• Filed: 03/08/1996
• Issued: 10/14/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 03/08/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: Mylex Corp (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: Gupta, Parveen Kumar, Liong, Thomas Singkiat, Rao, Krishnakumar
• Primary Examiner(s): Nelms, David C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NGUYEN, HIEN N
• Application Number:
  US08/613,064
• Time in Patent Office: 585 Days
• Field of Search: 365/229, 365/228, 365/49, 365/227, 365/222
• US Class Current: 365/229
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/30 Means for acting in the event of power-supply failure or interruption, e.g. power-supply fluctuations for resetting only G06F1/24
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2015 Redundant power supplies power supply failure G06F1/30
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 5/141 Battery and back-up supplies

Abstract

A method and apparatus providing a battery backup for a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cache system that senses the V_cc level supplied through the cache controller to the cache memory and, if V_cc falls below a preset threshold level, the battery backup apparatus switches the cache memory array to a backup battery V_cc source, and a backup refresh control generator unit that is also powered by the backup battery V_cc source. The cache DRAM, backup battery, and backup refresh generator are physically contained in a single module that can be disconnected from the cache controller and host computer system while preserving the cache memory contents. The backup system is installed in an operating host system for recovery of the cache memory contents and/or resumption of execution of the program that was running when the V_cc power failure occurred.

Claims

1. A battery backup system for a cache dynamic random access memory (DRAM) in a computer system wherein the cache DRAM is controlled by a cache controller that provides refresh signals for the cache DRAM, the battery backup system providing power and refresh signals to the DRAM cache memory if the system power supply should fail, comprising:

(a) a battery source for supplying backup power to the cache DRAM;

(b) a refresh generator with a refresh signal output, for generating refresh signals for refreshing the cache DRAM; and

(c) a backup system controller and selector for sensing the computer system power supply voltage and selecting the system power supply for supplying power to the battery backup system when the system power supply is operating at a proper output voltage level and for selecting the battery power source otherwise, the backup system controller connecting the cache DRAM refresh signal input to the cache controller refresh signal output when the system power supply is operating at a proper output voltage level, and for connecting the cache DRAM memory refresh signal input to the refresh generator refresh signal output when the system power supply is not operating at the proper output voltage level.

2. The battery backup system of claim 1 further comprising a trickle charge circuit for charging the battery power source from the system power supply.

3. A modular battery backup cache system for a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) for use in a computer system, the DRAM cache memory controlled by a cache controller that provides refresh signals for the DRAM cache memory, the system powered by a computer system power supply, the battery backup system providing power and refresh signals to the DRAM cache memory if the system power supply fails, the modular battery backup system physically configured as a single module that can be physically disconnected from the computer system and associated cache controller, the modular battery backup cache system comprising:

(a) a DRAM cache memory comprising an array of dynamic memory cells and refresh circuitry with inputs for accepting a set of refresh control signals for refreshing the DRAM contents;

(b) a battery source for supplying backup power to the DRAM cache memory;

(c) a refresh generator having a refresh signal output, for generating a set of refresh signals at the refresh signal output for refreshing the DRAM cache memory; and

(d) a backup system controller and selector for selecting the system power supply for supplying power to the modular backup system when the system power supply is operating at a proper output voltage level, and for selecting the battery power source otherwise, the backup system controller also for connecting the DRAM cache refresh signal set input to the cache controller refresh signal output when the system power supply is operating at a proper output voltage level, and for connecting the DRAM cache memory refresh signal set input to the refresh generator refresh signal output when the system power supply is not operating at the proper output voltage level.

4. The modular battery backup cache system of claim 3 further comprising a trickle charge circuit for charging the battery power source from the system power supply.

5. The modular battery backup cache system of claim 3 further comprising:

an input for accepting a cache status signal from the cache controller that indicates if the DRAM cache contents are dirty; and

where the refresh generator is inhibited from applying a set of refresh signals to the DRAM cache memory when the cache status signal indicates that the DRAM cache memory contents are dirty.

6. The modular battery backup cache system of claim 3 wherein the physical module is a single in-line memory module (SIMM).

7. The modular battery backup cache system of claim 3 wherein the DRAM cache memory incorporates refresh logic and address counter for generating a set of refresh signals and operating under control of refresh control signals supplied by the backup system controller.

8. A modular battery backup for a cache memory system, the cache memory system including a cache controller and a cache memory element powered by a common power system, the modular battery backup comprising:

a battery backup unit;

a backup controller and selector for sensing and selecting the battery backup unit to supply power to the cache memory element upon failure of the common power system; and

a backup refresh generator for generating refresh signals to refresh the contents of the cache memory element upon the failure of the common power system.

9. The modular battery backup of claim 8 further including:

a detector for sensing when the cache memory element is dirty, and the backup controller and selector inhibiting the refresh of the cache memory element by the backup refresh generator if the cache memory element is not dirty.