Databank system with methods for efficiently storing non-uniform data records

• US 5,682,524 A
• Filed: 05/26/1995
• Issued: 10/28/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 05/26/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Intellisync Corporation (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Starfish Software, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Lee, Sonia, Kahn, Philippe R., Freund, Gregor P.
• Primary Examiner(s): AMSBURY, WAYNE P
• Application Number:
  US08/451,734
• Time in Patent Office: 886 Days
• Field of Search: 395/600, 395/605
• US Class Current: 711/5
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/248 Presentation of query results
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/284 Relational databases
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99932 Access augmentation or optimizing

Abstract

System and methods are described for efficient storage and processing of non-uniform data records. An exemplary embodiment includes a Databank system having a Database Engine, a Database Engine API (Application Program Interface), a Databank Engine, a Databank Engine Class Interface, and a Databank (storage). The Databank storage itself comprises a Descriptor Table (Form Definition) and a Data Repository. The Descriptor Table comprises a plurality of field descriptors for characterizing user information stored in the Databank. The Data Repository, on the other hand, stores the actual data from the non-uniform data records. It comprises "static" fields and a "dynamic" field. The static fields store core fields necessary for characterizing each data record (irrespective of what type of information a given data record stores). User data are stored in a structured, pre-defined manner using logical fields (or "subfields") of the dynamic field. The system correctly interprets the dynamic contents based on the information stored in the descriptors. Methods are described for storing and retrieving information from the Databank in a manner which is transparent to clients, thus allowing the Databank subsystem to easily replace existing storage subsystems.

Claims

1. In a computer system for storing and manipulating user information, said user information being stored in a plurality of data records, each data record comprising a plurality of data fields, each data field for storing a particular type of information, at least one of said data records having a set of data fields which is different than data fields of another of said data records, a method for efficiently storing dissimilar ones of said data records, the method comprising:

(a) creating a descriptor table storing an entry characterizing the data fields of each type of said data records; and

(b) storing each of said data records as a databank record in a single database table, said databank table comprising;

(i) a set of static fields storing information for characterizing each of said data records, regardless of the particular type of data fields which comprise a given record; and

(ii) a single dynamic field having a plurality of contiguous logical fields, each logical field storing information from a data field of said at least one data record which is different from another of said data records, so that said databank table stores all said data records regardless of differences in types of data fields between individual ones of said data records.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said descriptor table stores for each type of data field a default value.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said dynamic field of said databank table only stores user information which differs from said default value stored in said descriptor table for the particular type of data field.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said descriptor table stores in each entry information describing a data type for a particular type of data field.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein said particular type of data field is "name" and information describing said data type is "alphanumeric."

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said descriptor table stores hints specifying how user information of a particular type of data field is to be rendered on screen.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein said hints include information specifying a maximum width and a minimum width that a particular type of data field can be rendered on screen.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein said hints includes information specifying a relative position of a particular type of data field rendered on screen relative to other types of data fields rendered at the same time on screen.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein said static field stores a selected one of name, title, and category.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein said static fields include at least one cross-reference field for storing for a particular data record a reference to another record which is related to said particular data record.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein said particular field includes at least one cross-reference field for storing for a particular data record a reference to a parent record, said particular data record only storing information which is different from that stored in said parent data record.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein said parent record is a databank record describing a recurring event, and wherein said particular record is a databank record storing a particular instance of said recurring event.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein said descriptor table stores a list of field names for each logical field of said single dynamic field.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

(c) receiving a request for retrieving information from a particular data field of a particular data record from said databank table;

(d) if said particular data field matches one of said static fields, retrieving the information stored by the matching static field;

(e) if said particular data field does not match one of said static fields, determining whether the information requested to be retrieved from a particular data field resides in one of said dynamic logical fields; and

(f) if said particular data field matches one of said dynamic logical fields, retrieving the information stored by the matching dynamic logical field.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein said request specifies a field name for the data field in which information is to be retrieved, and wherein step (e) is performed by matching the specified field name with one of the field names listed in said descriptor table.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein said databank table comprises a dBASE-compatible data table storing static fields as fixed-length data fields and storing said dynamic field as a single free-form (memo) field.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein said descriptor table comprises a plurality of descriptor entries stored in a Microsoft Windows .INI file format.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein said descriptor table comprises a plurality of descriptor entries stored in a database table.

19. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

(c) in a static field of each databank record, storing a form name for indicating a screen form which said each databank record is associated with.

20. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

creating at least one generic index for indexing at least one logical field of said databank records, said generic index allowing single-context browsing of dissimilar databank records which have at least one logical field type in common.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein said generic index comprises an index by last name, wherein said dissimilar databank records include a business address record and a personal address record, each including a last name field in common, said generic index allowing a single-context browsing of both business address and personal address records, said browsing presenting to a user both record types ordered by last name.

22. In a data processing system for storing and processing a plurality of non-uniform data records storing information, each data record comprising a plurality of data fields, an improved method for providing access to the information of said non-uniform data records, the method comprising;

(a) storing in a single data record information from the data fields of each of said non-uniform data records together in a single free-form field of a single database table;

(b) storing a set of field descriptors for describing how to interpret the single data record stored for each of said non-uniform data records, wherein said field descriptors provide access to the information from the data fields of each of said non-uniform data records; and

wherein said free-form field comprises a dBASE-compatible memo field.

23. In a data processing system for storing and processing a plurality of non-uniform data records storing information, each data record comprising a plurality of data fields, an improved method for providing access to the information of said non-uniform data records, the method comprising:

(a) storing in a single data record information from the data fields of each of said non-uniform data records together in a single free-form field of a single database table;

(c) storing a set of field descriptors for describing how to interpret the single data record stored for each of said non-uniform data records, wherein said field descriptors provide access to the information from the data fields of each of said non-uniform data records; and

wherein step (a) includes storing contiguously information from each of said plurality of non-uniform data records as a delimited logical field in said free-form field.

24. In a data processing system for storing and processing a plurality of non-uniform data records storing information, each data record comprising a plurality of data fields, an improved method for providing access to the information of said non-uniform data records, the method comprising:

(a) storing in a single data record information from the data fields of each of said non-uniform data records together in a single free-form field of a single database table;

(b) storing a set of field descriptors for describing how to interpret the single data record stored for each of said non-uniform data records, wherein said field descriptors provide access to the information from the data fields of each of said non-uniform data records; and

wherein step (a) includes storing information from each of said plurality of non-uniform data records in said free-form field as a logical field having a general format of;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation"><

field name>

<

delimiter>

<

field value>

.

25.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein said delimiter comprises a "=" character.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein step (a) further includes:

appending to one end of each logical field a terminator, so that one logical field can be discerned from another.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein said terminator comprises a carriage return character.

28. In a data processing system for storing and processing a plurality of non-uniform data records storing information;

each data record comprising a plurality of data fields, an improved method for providing access to the information of said non-uniform data records, the method comprising;

(a) storing in a single data record information from the data fields of each of said non-uniform data records together in a single free-form field of a single database table;

(b) storing a set of field descriptors for describing how to interpret the single data record stored for each of said non-uniform data records, wherein said field descriptors provide access to the information from the data fields of each of said non-uniform data records; and

wherein step (c) includes storing in said data fields associated with said free-form field a cross-reference to another data record.

29. The method of claim 28, further comprising:

receiving a request for particular information from a current record;

if said particular information is not found in said current record, locating said another data record indicated by said cross-reference; and

satisfying said request for particular information by retrieving said particular information from said another data record.