Apparatus and method for discharging and charging a multiple battery arrangement

• US 5,684,384 A
• Filed: 10/31/1995
• Issued: 11/04/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Google Technology Holdings LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Ng, Richard, Mottier, Matthew D., Barkat, Shakil H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Law, Patrick B.
• Application Number:
  US08/558,586
• Time in Patent Office: 735 Days
• Field of Search: 320/5, 320/6, 320/8, 320/9, 320/10, 320/11, 320/13, 320/14, 320/15, 320/16, 320/17, 320/35, 307/66, 364/707
• US Class Current: 307/66
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/26 Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof for memories G11C
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0024 Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/061 for DC powered loads
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/3883 Arrangements for mounting batteries or battery chargers

Abstract

A device (100) includes detachable main and auxiliary batteries (101, 102) and a circuit (310) for discharging and charging the batteries (101, 102). Discharging is accomplished by an auxiliary switch (420) that connects the auxiliary battery (102) to power the device (100), a detector (422), and a main switch (424) that connects the main battery (101) to power the device (100), without interruption, when the auxiliary battery (102) drops below a predetermined voltage (508) as determined by a detector (422). Charging is performed by switches (440, 442, 446), an internal charger (444), and a controller (306). When both batteries (101, 102) are attached, the controller (306) uses the switches (440, 442, 446) to select and couple charging current generated by the internal charger (444) to the main battery (101). Once charged, the controller (306) switches to charge the auxiliary battery (102).

Claims

1. An electronic device being powered in an operating state by one of a plurality of batteries, the plurality of batteries comprising a first battery and a second battery, the electronic device comprising:

a detector to monitor a voltage level of one of the first battery and the second battery;

a first switch to couple to the other one of the first battery and the second battery and the detector, the first switch operable to connect the other one of the first battery and the second battery to power the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is below a predetermined voltage level and to disconnect the other one of the first battery and the second battery from powering the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is above the predetermined voltage level; and

a second switch to couple to the one of the first battery and the second battery and to connect the one of the first battery and the second battery to power the electronic device regardless of the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery.

2. An electronic device according to claim 1 wherein the second switch is a diode.

3. An electronic device according to claim 1

further comprising a coupler to detachably couple to an external power source, the coupler having a first output to deliver power from the external power source to operate the electronic device in the operating state and a second output coupled to the second switch, and

wherein the second switch prevents the one of the first battery and the second battery from providing power to the electronic device without interruption to the operating state upon attachment of the external power source to the coupler.

4. An electronic device being powered in an operating state by one of a plurality of batteries, the plurality of batteries comprising a first battery and a second battery, the electronic device comprising:

a detector to monitor a voltage level of one of the first battery and the second battery, the detector including a comparator having a first input to couple to the one of the first battery and the second battery, a second input coupled to a voltage reference at a predetermined voltage level, and an output; and

a first switch to couple to the other one of the first battery and the second battery and the output of the detector, the first switch operable to connect the other one of the first battery and the second battery to power the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is below the predetermined voltage level and to disconnect the other one of the first battery and the second battery from powering the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is above the predetermined voltage level.

5. An electronic device powered in an operating state by one of a plurality of batteries, the plurality of batteries comprising a first battery and a second battery, the electronic device comprising:

a detector to monitor a voltage level of one of the first battery and the second battery;

a first switch to couple to the other one of the first battery and the second battery and the detector, the first switch operable to connect the other one of the first battery and the second battery to power the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is below a predetermined voltage level and to disconnect the other one of the first battery and the second battery from powering the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is above the predetermined voltage level;

a coupler to detachably couple to an external power source, the coupler having a first output to deliver power from the external power source to operate the electronic device in the operating state and a second output coupled to the detector; and

wherein the detector includes circuitry to detect attachment of the external power source to the coupler.

6. An electronic device according to claim 5 wherein:

the first switch, responsive to the detector, is operable to disconnect the other one of the first battery and the second battery from providing power to the electronic device without interruption to the operating state upon attachment of the external power source to the coupler.

7. An electronic device being powered in an operating state by one of a plurality of batteries, the plurality of batteries comprising a first battery and a second battery, the electronic device comprising:

a detector to monitor a voltage level of one of the first battery and the second battery;

a first switch to couple to the other one of the first battery and the second battery and the detector, the first switch operable to connect the other one of the first battery and the second battery to power the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is below a predetermined voltage level and to disconnect the other one of the first battery and the second battery from powering the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is above the predetermined voltage level; and

wherein the first battery and the second battery are detachable.

8. An electronic device being powered in an operating state by one of a plurality of batteries, the plurality of batteries comprising a first battery and a second battery, the electronic device comprising:

a detector to monitor a voltage level of one of the first battery and the second battery;

a first switch to couple to the other one of the first battery and the second battery and the detector, the first switch operable to connect the other one of the first battery and the second battery to power the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is below a predetermined voltage level and to disconnect the other one of the first battery and the second battery from powering the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is above the predetermined voltage level; and

wherein the first battery has a first capacity and the second battery has a second capacity, the first capacity differing from the second capacity.

9. A method of discharging a plurality of batteries to power an electronic device in an operating state, the method comprising the steps of:

detecting a voltage level of a first battery of the plurality of batteries;

coupling the first battery to power the electronic device as long as the voltage level exceeds a predetermined voltage;

coupling, without interruption to the operating state, a second battery of the plurality of batteries to power the electronic device when the voltage level is less than the predetermined voltage;

detecting detachment of the second battery while the second battery is selected to power the electronic device; and

interrupting, without interruption to the operating state, coupling of the second battery and powering the electronic device via the first battery although the voltage level is less than or equal to the predetermined voltage.

10. A method of discharging a plurality of batteries to power an electronic device in an operating state, the method comprising the steps of:

detecting a voltage level of a first battery of the plurality of batteries;

coupling the first battery to power the electronic device as long as the voltage level exceeds a predetermined voltage;

detecting detachment of the first battery when the voltage level is greater than the predetermined voltage; and

coupling, without interruption to the operating state, a second battery of the plurality of batteries to power the electronic device.

11. An electronic device being powered in an operating state by one of a plurality of batteries, the plurality of batteries comprising a first battery and a second battery, the electronic device comprising:

a detector to monitor a voltage level of one of the first battery and the second battery;

a first switch to couple to the other one of the first battery and the second battery and the detector, the first switch operable to connect the other one of the first battery and the second battery to power the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is below a predetermined voltage level and to disconnect the other one of the first battery and the second battery from powering the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is above the predetermined voltage level; and

a charger for charging the plurality of batteries, the charger comprising;

detecting circuitry to indicate a presence of the first battery and the second battery;

current generation circuitry to generate a charging current; and

switching circuitry to couple to the first battery, the second battery, the detecting circuitry, and the current generation circuitry, the switching circuitry, when both the first battery and the second battery are present, first coupling the charging current to charge the first battery and next connecting the charging current to charge the second battery, the switching circuitry, during charging of the second battery, re-coupling the charging current to charge the first battery upon replacement thereof.

12. An electronic device according to claim 11 wherein

the first battery comprises a first electrical element producing a first voltage,

the second battery comprises a second electrical element producing a second voltage, and

the detecting circuitry comprises:

a detecting switch having inputs to couple to the first electrical element and the second electrical element and having a control port and an output coupled to the switching circuitry, the detecting switch, responsive to a control signal at the control port, connecting one of the first voltage and the second voltage to the output.

13. An electronic device according to claim 11 wherein

the first battery comprises a first memory containing a first set of charging characteristics,

the second battery comprises a second memory containing a second set of charging characteristics,

the switching circuitry comprises:

a controller, and

a memory switch having inputs to couple to the first memory and the second memory and having a control port and an output coupled to the controller, the memory switch, responsive to a control signal at the control port, connecting one of the first set of charging characteristics and the second set of charging characteristics to the output, and

the current generation circuitry comprises a current generator coupled to the controller to generate the charging current in accordance with the first set of charging characteristics when the first battery is to be charged and alternatively generating the charging current in accordance with the second set of charging characteristics when the second battery is to be charged.

14. An electronic device being powered in an operating state by one of a plurality of batteries, the plurality of batteries comprising a first battery and a second battery, the electronic device comprising:

a detector to monitor a voltage level of one of the first battery and the second battery;

a first switch to couple to the other one of the first battery and the second battery and the detector, the first switch operable to connect the other one of the first battery and the second battery to power the electronic device without interruption to the operating swtate when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is below a predetermined voltage level and to disconnect the other one of the first battery and the second battery from powering the electronic device without interruption to the operating state when the voltage level of the one of the first battery and the second battery is above the predetermined voltage level;

a charger for charging the plurality of batteries; and

wherein;

the first battery is detachable and has a first electrochemical cell, a first thermistor, and a first memory containing a first set of characteristics;

the second battery is detachable and has a second electrochemical cell, a second thermistor, and a second memory containing a second set of characteristics; and

the charger comprises;

a thermistor switch to switchably couple to one of the first thermistor and the second thermistor;

a memory switch to switchably couple to one of the first memory and the second memory;

a charging switch to switchably couple to one of the first electrochemical cell and the second electrochemical cell;

a current generator coupled to the charging switch to supply charging current thereto; and

a controller coupled to the thermistor switch, the memory switch, the charging switch, and the current generator, the controller repeatedly controlling the thermistor switch to connect to the first thermistor and the second thermistor, the controller, responsive to predetermined voltage levels across the first thermistor and the second thermistor, controlling the memory switch to connect to the first memory, reading the first set of characteristics from the first memory, configuring the current generator according to the first set of characteristics, controlling the charging switch to connect the charging current to the first electrochemical cell, controlling the memory switch to connect to the second memory, reading the second set of characteristics from the second memory, configuring the current generator according to the second set of characteristics, controlling the charging switch to connect the charging current to the second electrochemical cell, and interrupting charging of the second electrochemical cell to charge the first electrochemical cell upon replacement of the first battery.