Resonant converter with controlled inductor

• US 5,684,678 A
• Filed: 12/08/1995
• Issued: 11/04/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 12/08/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Delco Electronics Corporation (Motors Liquidation Co. GUC Trust)
• Original Assignee: Delco Electronics Corporation (Motors Liquidation Co. GUC Trust)
• Inventors: Barrett, Alfred Henry
• Primary Examiner(s): Krishnan, Aditya
• Application Number:
  US08/569,894
• Time in Patent Office: 697 Days
• Field of Search: 363/17, 363/39, 363/40, 363/98, 363/132
• US Class Current: 363/17
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 2029/143 with control winding for generating magnetic bias
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 21/08 by varying the permeability of the core, e.g. by varying magnetic bias
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/28 using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/3376 with automatic control of output voltage or current
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

An LC resonant circuit for a resonant converter includes a resonant capacitor and an inductor coupled to a fixed frequency AC supply. A controlled inductor in parallel with the resonant capacitor is controlled by a DC current to vary its inductance. The controlled inductor comprises a magnetic core having one or more power windings, and a control winding wound on the core. The DC current in the control winding produces core flux which effects core permeability. The controlled inductor has the effect of changing the capacitor impedance and thus influences the converter output. Multiple, independently controlled and regulated outputs may be driven by one power switching stage.

Claims

1. A resonant converter having a fixed frequency AC supply and an LC resonant circuit driven by the supply to yield a DC output, the resonant circuit including:

a series tank circuit including a resonant capacitor in series with a first inductor;

a parallel tank circuit including a controlled inductor connected in parallel with the resonant capacitor for varying the effective impedance of the capacitor;

the controlled inductor comprising a power winding on a core and a control winding; and

a control circuit including the control winding for continuously controlling the permeability of the core to thereby vary the inductance of the controlled inductor to regulate the DC output.

2. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein the resonant converter includes a plurality of LC resonant circuits driven by the same AC supply and independently controlled to produce separate outputs.

3. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein a load is connected in series with the capacitor and the first inductor to form a series resonant converter.

4. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein a load is coupled in parallel with one of the capacitor and the first inductor to form a parallel resonant converter.

5. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein the resonant circuit includes a transformer having its primary winding coupled to the capacitor and first inductor and its secondary winding coupled to a rectifier and a filter to yield the output.

6. A resonant converter having an AC supply with a fixed operating frequency and an LC resonant circuit driven by the supply to yield a DC output, the resonant circuit including:

a capacitor coupled to a first inductor and tuned to resonance at approximately twice the operating frequency;

a controlled inductor having a power winding connected in parallel with the capacitor for varying the effective impedance of the capacitor, the controlled inductor having a variable permeability core and a minimum inductance in resonance with the capacitor at the operating frequency; and

a control circuit for continuously controlling the inductance of the controlled inductor to thereby regulate the DC output.

7. The invention as defined in claim 6 wherein the controlled inductor comprises:

a magnetic core;

the power winding being wound on the core; and

a control winding being wound on the core, the control winding being coupled to the control circuit for producing flux in the core in response to the application of direct current thereto to influence the inductance of the power winding.

8. The circuit of claim 6, wherein:

the controlled inductor has an E-shaped core having first, second and third legs, the third leg positioned between the first and second legs, and wherein the power winding of the inductor is wound about the third leg; and

the control winding comprises first and second interconnected DC control windings, the first DC control winding wound on the first leg and the second DC control winding wound on the second leg.

9. A resonant converter having a fixed frequency AC supply and a symmetrical LC resonant circuit driven by the supply to yield a DC output, the resonant circuit including:

a transformer having a primary winding;

a capacitor and an inductor serially connecting each side of the primary winding to the AC supply;

a controlled inductor having a pair of power windings each connected in parallel with one of the capacitors for varying the effective impedance of the capacitors, and having a control winding; and

a control circuit for continuously controlling the control winding of the controlled inductor to thereby regulate the DC output.

10. The invention as defined in claim 9 wherein the controlled inductor comprises:

a magnetic core;

the power windings and the control winding being wound on the core, the control winding producing flux in the core in response to the application of direct current thereto to determine the inductance of the power windings.

11. The invention as defined in claim 9 wherein the controlled inductor comprises:

a magnetic core;

the power windings being bifilar wound on the core, the control winding producing flux in the core in response to the application of direct current thereto to determine the inductance f the power windings.

12. The circuit of claim 9, wherein:

the controlled inductor has an E-shaped core having first, second and third legs, the third leg positioned between the first and second legs, and wherein the power windings of the inductor are wound about the third leg; and

the control winding comprises first and second interconnected DC control windings, the first DC control winding wound on the first leg and the second DC control winding wound on the second leg.

13. The circuit of claim 9, wherein:

the controlled inductor has an E-shaped core having first, second and third legs, the third leg positioned between the first and second legs, and wherein the control winding of the inductor is wound about the third leg; and

the power windings comprise a first power winding having a first section wound on the first leg and a second section wound on the second leg, and a second power winding having a first section wound on the first leg and a second section wound on the second leg.

14. The invention as defined in claim 9, wherein the inductor has a core comprising first and second toroidal cores having centers which are axially aligned, wherein a first power winding is wound on both the first and second toroidal cores on the same side of the centers thereof, and a second power winding is wound on both the first and second toroidal cores on the same side of the centers thereof and opposite the first power winding;

and

the control winding comprises first and second interconnected DC control windings, the first DC control winding wound on the first toroidal core between the first power winding and the second power winding, and the second DC control winding wound on the second toroidal core between the first power winding and the second power winding.

15. The invention as defined in claim 9, wherein the inductor has a core comprising first and second toroidal cores having centers which are axially aligned, wherein first and second power windings are bifilar wound on both the first and second toroidal cores;

and

the control winding comprises first and second interconnected DC control windings, the first DC control winding wound on the first toroidal core between the first power winding and the second power winding, and the second DC control winding wound on the second toroidal core between the first power winding and the second power winding.

16. The invention as defined in claim 9 wherein the inductor has a core comprising first and second toroidal cores having centers which are axially aligned, and wherein:

the first power winding of the transformer comprises first and second power sections electrically connected in series, the first power section wound on one side of the center of the first toroidal core and the second power section wound on the same side of the center on the second toroidal core;

the second power winding comprises third and fourth power sections electrically connected in series, the third section wound on the first toroidal core opposite the first power section, and the fourth power section wound on the second toroidal core opposite the second power section; and

the control winding is wound on both the first and second toroidal cores between the first and second toroidal cores between the first power section and the second power section on the first toroidal core and between the third power section and the fourth power section on the second toroidal core.

17. The invention as defined in claim 9 wherein:

the inductor has a core comprising first and second toroidal core halves having centers which are axially aligned, said core halves being joined at an interface in a plane transverse to the core axis;

the core includes an annular internal cavity at said interface and disposed about the axis of the core;

the control winding disposed in the cavity; and

said first power winding wound on one side of said core in a direction perpendicular to said control winding and said second power winding wound on the other side of said core in a direction perpendicular to said control winding.

18. The invention as defined in claim 9 wherein:

the inductor has a core comprising first and second toroidal core halves having centers which are axially aligned, said core halves being joined at an interface in a plane transverse to the core axis;

the core includes an annular internal cavity at said interface and disposed about the axis of the core;

the control winding disposed in the cavity; and

said first and second power windings being bifilar wound on the core in a direction perpendicular to said control winding.