Modulation system for spread spectrum CDMA communication

• US 5,687,166 A
• Filed: 05/31/1995
• Issued: 11/11/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 11/24/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lctl Wireless Investment LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: Stanford Telecommunications, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Natali, Francis D., Magill, David T., Bustamante, Herman A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Olms, Douglas W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Patel, Ajit
• Application Number:
  US08/454,663
• Time in Patent Office: 895 Days
• Field of Search: 370/18, 370/19, 370/20, 370/21, 370/22, 370/208, 370/209, 370/335, 370/342, 375/205, 375/206, 375/208, 375/264, 264/717, 455/33.1, 379/58, 327/164
• US Class Current: 370/209
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/707 using direct sequence modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/10 Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/216 Code division or spread-spectrum multiple access [CDMA, SSMA]
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2628 using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA] H04B7/2618 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 13/0022 PN, e.g. Kronecker
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 13/0048 Walsh
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 13/102 Combining codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/14 WLL [Wireless Local Loop]; RLL [Radio Local Loop]

Abstract

The OCDMA waveform of the present invention uses hi-phase PN modulation (BPSK PN chip modulation) in conjunction with MPSK or MQASK data modulation (QPSK data modulation is one preferred embodiment) to increase bandwidth efficiency. The number of orthogonal users that can be placed on a single carrier is equal to, at most, the length of the orthogonal binary sequence. The Radamacher-Walsh (RW) sequence chip rate must be 4" times the symbol rate (where n is a positive integer) since the symbol transitions must be synchronized to the RW period to guarantee orthogonality of the multiple users when data transitions are present. The symbol rate for QPSK modulation is one-half that for BPSK modulation. As a result, twice as many orthogonal functions are available for a given clock rate for QPSK as for BPSK modulation. That is, an OCDMA system with QPSK data can support twice as many users in a given bandwidth as an OCDMA system with BPSK data.

Claims

1. In a spread spectrum OCDMA communication system in which a set of orthogonal Radamacher-Walsh (RW) functions are overlaid with a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence forming a coded spreading sequence for an information signal, each orthogonal function of said set carries voice/data for a single user in said system, a source of selected carrier signals and means to modulate said information signal onto said selected carrier signals to form a transmit signal and said coded spreading sequence on said transmit signal for radio broadcasting, the improvement comprising:

modulator means wherein MPSK modulation is used and where M is selected from 4, 8, 16, etc. for modulating said voice/data on said carrier and form said transmit signal, and

BPSK modulation means for modulating said coded spreading sequence on said transmit signal.

3. The spread spectrum OCDMA communication system defined in claim 1 wherein M=4.

5. The spread spectrum OCDMA communication system defined in claim 1 wherein the RW chip rate is 4" times the data symbol rate where "n" is a positive integer.

7. The spread spectrum OCDMA communication system defined in claim 1 wherein the RW sequence chip rate is 2" times the data symbol rate where "n" is a positive integer.

2. In a spread spectrum OCDMA communication system in which a set of orthogonal Radamacher-Walsh (RW) functions are overlaid with a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence forming a coded spreading sequence for an information signal, each orthogonal function of said set carries voice/data for a single user in said system, a source of selected carrier signals and means to modulate said information signal onto said selected carrier signals to form a transmit signal and said coded spreading sequence on said transmit signal for radio broadcasting, the improvement comprising:

Modulator means wherein M-ary quadrature amplitude shift keying (QASK) is used and where M is selected from 4, 8, 16, etc. for modulating said voice/data on said carrier and form said transmit signal, and

BPSK modulation means for modulating said coded spreading sequence on said transmit signal.

4. The spread spectrum OCDMA communication system defined in claim 2 wherein M=16.

6. The spread spectrum OCDMA communication system defined in claim 2 wherein the RW chip rate is 4" times the data symbol rate where """ is a positive integer.

8. The spread spectrum OCDMA communication system defined in claim 2 wherein M=4.

9. The spread spectrum OCDMA communication system defined in claim 2 wherein the RW sequence chip rate is 2" times the data symbol rate where "n" is a positive integer.

10. In a spread spectrum OCDMA communication system in which a set of orthogonal Radamacher-Walsh (RW) functions are overlaid with a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence forming a coded spreading sequence for an information signal, each orthogonal function of said set carries voice/data for a single user in said system, a source of selected carrier signals and means to modulate said information signal onto a selected carrier signal to form a transmit signal and said coded spreading sequence on said transmit signal for radio broadcasting, the improvement for doubling the number of users in a given frequency bandwidth comprising:

QPSK data modulation means for modulating said voice/data on said carrier and form said transmit signal, and

BPSK modulation means for modulating said coded spreading sequence on said transmit signal.

11. In a spread spectrum OCDMA communication system in which a set of orthogonal Radamacher-Walsh (RW) functions are overlaid with a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence forming a coded spreading sequence for an information signal, each orthogonal function of said set carries voice/data for a single user in said system, a source of selected carrier signals and means to modulate said information signal onto a selected carrier signal to form a transmit signal and said coded spreading sequence on said transmit signal for radio broadcasting, the improvement for multiplying the number of users in a given frequency bandwidth by a factor which is a function of M where M is selected from 4, 8, 16 comprising:

MPSK modulator means for modulating said voice/data on said carrier and form said transmit signal,

BPSK modulation means for modulating said coded spreading sequence on said transmit signal,

a plurality of receivers, each said receiver including a BPSK demodulation means for recovering said transmit signal and an MPSK demodulating means for demodulating any recovered transmit signal and reproduce said information signal.