Methods and apparatus for the editing and insertion of data into an encoded bitstream

• US 5,691,986 A
• Filed: 06/07/1995
• Issued: 11/25/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi America Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi America Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Inventors: Pearlstein, Larry
• Primary Examiner(s): Hsu, Alpus H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): RAO, SEEMA SRINIVAS
• Application Number:
  US08/481,581
• Time in Patent Office: 902 Days
• Field of Search: 370/84, 370/79, 370/100.1, 370/108, 370/110.1, 370/110.4, 370/94.2, 370/60, 370/111, 370/112, 370/99, 370/118, 370/464, 370/465, 370/473, 370/476, 370/477, 370/516 , 370/517, 370/519, 370/535, 370/536, 370/537, 370/539, 370/542, 370/916, 370/528, 370/522, 348/426, 348/432, 348/385, 348/387, 348/384, 348/390, 348/388, 341/61, 358/335, 358/426, 358/430, 358/431, 358/262.1, 375/240, 395/2.91, 395/2.92, 395/2.93, 395/2.95
• US Class Current: 370/477
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/40 using video transcoding, i.e. partial or full decoding of a coded input stream followed by re-encoding of the decoded output stream
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2343 involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements video transcoding H04N19/40; media packet handling at the source H04L65/762
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23608 Remultiplexing multiplex streams, e.g. involving modifying time stamps or remapping the packet identifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23614 Multiplexing of additional data and video streams arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information H04H20/28
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/814 comprising emergency warnings arrangements specially adapted for emergency or urgency in broadcast systems H04H20/59; arrangements for providing alarms, notifications, alerts to substation in data switching networks H04L12/1895
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 370/916 Multiplexer/demultiplexer

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for inserting data into an encoded data stream are disclosed. In accordance with the disclosed methods data is inserted into an encoded data stream while maintaining MPEG-2 compliance. The disclosed methods achieve data reduction required to make room for the data to be added by removing certain data elements of an encoded data stream, such as high frequency discrete cosine transform coefficients, which can be removed with minimal impact on picture quality and without disturbing the data stream'"'"'s compliance with MPEG 2. In a first embodiment, data reduction to make room for the data to be inserted is performed by depacketizing the encoded data, performing a data reduction operation thereon, and then re-packetizing the encoded data. The reduced rate data stream is then multiplexed with the data to be inserted. In a second embodiment data reduction is performed by combining the contents of two or more consecutive transport data packets, e.g., the contents of a cluster of data packets, into a single data packet and by then inserting new data packets representing the data to be inserted, into the locations in the data stream corresponding to the original location of the transport data packets which were eliminated through the data reduction operation.

Claims

1. A method of inserting data into an encoded data stream which is a first transport multiplex of a plurality of elementary data streams, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving the encoded data stream;

demultiplexing the encoded data stream to extract one of the individual elementary data streams;

performing a data reduction operation on the extracted one of the individual elementary data stream to generate a first elementary reduced content data streams; and

inserting the data into the first elementary reduced content data stream.

2. The method of claim 1,

wherein the extracted one of the individual elementary data streams includes a series of data packets;

and

wherein the data reduction operation is performed on a cluster of at least two sequential data packets in the series of data packets.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the data reduction operation includes the step of:

combining data included in each of the at least two sequential data packets to form a new data packet.

4. A video processing circuit for inserting data into a first transport multiplex including a plurality of individual streams of compressed data, at least one of the individual streams including digital video data, the video processing circuit comprising:

a demultiplexer for extracting from the first transport multiplex at least one of the individual streams of compressed data included therein;

a first data reduction circuit coupled to the demultiplexer for performing a data reduction operation on the extracted one of the individual streams of compressed data; and

a multiplexer coupled to the data reduction circuit and the demultiplexer for generating a second transport multiplex including the data to be inserted.

5. The video processing circuit of claim 4, wherein the data reduction circuit includes:

a depacketizer;

a data reduction device coupled to the depacketizer; and

a repacketizer coupled to the data reduction device.

6. The video processing circuit of claim 5, further comprising:

a program status information regenerator circuit coupled to the demultiplexer and multiplexer for generating program status information.

7. The video processing circuit of claim 5, further comprising:

a second data rate reduction device coupled to the demultiplexer and the multiplexer.

8. A processing circuit for inserting data into a first multiplexed data stream formed from a plurality of individual encoded data streams, the processing circuit comprising:

a demultiplexer circuit for extracting from the first multiplexed data stream one of the plurality of individual data streams including clusters of data packets;

a packet cluster selection circuit for receiving the extracted one of the plurality of individual data streams and for selecting clusters of data packets upon which data reduction is to be performed;

a cluster data reducer circuit coupled to the packet cluster selection circuit for eliminating at least one data packet from each selected cluster of data packets; and

a packet replacer circuit coupled to the cluster data reducer circuit for replacing the at least one data packet eliminated from each selected cluster of data packets with a data packet including at least a portion of the data to be inserted.

9. The processing circuit of claim 8, further comprising:

a delay buffer coupled to the packet cluster selection circuit for delaying the transmission of packets which are not part of a selected cluster of data packets; and

a packet stream merger circuit coupled to the packet replacer circuit and the delay buffer for generating a second multiplexed data stream including the inserted data.

10. The processing circuit of claim 9, wherein the first multiplexed data stream is an MPEG-2 compliant transport multiplex of elementary data streams which include previously encoded and compressed data.

11. A method of processing a first multiplexed data stream formed from a plurality of individual encoded data streams, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving the first multiplexed data stream;

demultiplexing the first multiplexed data stream to extract one of the plurality of individual encoded data streams;

performing a data reduction operation on the extracted one of the individual encoded data streams to generate a first reduced content data stream; and

forming a second multiplexed data stream by inserting the additional data into the first reduced content data stream.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of forming the second multiplexed data stream further comprises the step of:

multiplexing the ones of the plurality of individual encoded data streams upon which the data reduction operation was not performed with the first reduced content data stream.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first and second multiplexed data streams are MPEG compliant data streams which include previously encoded and compressed data.