Low-viscosity lubricating oil and functional fluid compositions

• US 5,693,598 A
• Filed: 09/03/1996
• Issued: 12/02/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 09/19/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Inventors: Manka, John S., Dohner, Brent R., Roby, Stephen H., Abraham, William D., Supp, James A.
• Primary Examiner(s): McAvoy, Ellen M.
• Application Number:
  US08/706,933
• Time in Patent Office: 455 Days
• Field of Search: 508/444, 508/443
• US Class Current: 508/444
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/10 having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/12 having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/16 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/52 having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/56 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/04 Hydrocarbons
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/18 thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/02 having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/04 Phosphate esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/06 Metal salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/08 Ammonium or amine salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/10 Thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/12 having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 141/10 at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 143/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 143/12 containing conjugated diene
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 145/14 Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 145/16 polycarboxylic
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/04 Petroleum fractions, e.g. tars, solvents
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/08 Fatty oils
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/123 : obtained by phosphorus or phosphorus-containing compounds, e.g. P x S x with organic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/20 : Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/22 : containing phenol radicals
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/24 : containing sulfonic radicals
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 167/00 : Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/10 : Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/102 : Aliphatic fractions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/104 : Aromatic fractions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/106 : Naphthenic fractions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/108 : Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/00 : Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/02 : containing acyclic monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/06 : containing conjugated dienes
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/023 : having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/026 : with tertiary alkyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/027 : Neutral salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/028 : Overbased salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/123 : polycarboxylic
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/129 : having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/22 : Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/26 : Overbased carboxylic acid salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/262 : derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/40 : Fatty vegetable or animal oils
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/402 : Castor oils
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/404 : obtained from genetically modified species
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/084 : Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/086 : polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2211/08 : Halogenated waxes
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/04 : having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/042 : containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/06 : having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 : Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/065 : Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/066 : Arylene diamines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/067 : Polyaryl amine alkanes
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/068 : having amino groups bound to polycyclic aromatic ring systems, i.e. systems with three or more condensed rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/08 : Amides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/082 : containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/086 : Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/12 : Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/122 : Phtalamic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/24 : having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms , e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/26 : Amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 : Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/046 : Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/06 : Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/022 : of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/024 : of esters, e.g. fats
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/046 : Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/066 : Thiocarbamic type compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/068 : Thiocarbamate metal salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/082 : containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/083 : Dibenzyl sulfide
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/087 : containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/088 : Neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/089 : Overbased salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/02 : having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/04 : Phosphate esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/041 : Triaryl phosphates
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/042 : Metal salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/043 : Ammonium or amine salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/045 : Metal containing thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/047 : Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/049 : Phosphite
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/06 : having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/061 : Metal salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/065 : containing sulfur
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/10 : Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/12 : obtained by phosphorisation of organic compounds, e.g. with PxSy, PxSyHal or PxOy
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/121 : of alcohols or phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2229/02 : Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2229/05 : containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/02 : Groups 1 or 11
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/04 : Groups 2 or 12
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/06 : Groups 3 or 13
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/08 : Groups 4 or 14
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/10 : Groups 5 or 15
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/12 : Groups 6 or 16
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/14 : Group 7
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/16 : Groups 8, 9, or 10
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/00 : Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/02 : Bearings
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/04 : Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/042 : for automatic transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/044 : for manual transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/046 : for traction drives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/08 : Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/12 : Gas-turbines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/13 : Aircraft turbines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/135 : Steam engines or turbines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/20 : Metal working
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/25 : Internal-combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/251 : Alcohol-fuelled engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/252 : Diesel engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/253 : Small diesel engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/255 : Gasoline engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/26 : Two-strokes or two-cycle engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/28 : Rotary engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/30 : Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/32 : Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/34 : Lubricating-sealants
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/36 : Release agents or mold release agents
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/38 : Conveyors or chain belts
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/40 : Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/42 : Flashing oils or marking oils
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/44 : Super vacuum or supercritical use
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/50 : Medical uses
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2070/02 : Concentrating of additives

Abstract

This invention relates to a low-viscosity lubricating oil and functional fluid compositions, comprising: a major amount of an oil having a kinematic viscosity of up to about 4 cST at 100° C.; and a minor antiwear amount of

(A) a compound represented by the formula

R.sup.1 R.sup.2 N--C(X)S--(CR.sup.3 R.sup.4).sub.a Z       (A-I)

wherein in Formula (A-I), R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups, provided that at least one of R¹ and R² is a hydrocarbyl group; X is O or S; a is zero, 1 or 2; and Z is a hydrocarbyl group, a hetero group, a hydroxy hydrocarbyl group, an activating group, or a --(S)_b C(X)--NR¹ R² group wherein b is zero, 1 or 2; provide that when a is 2, Z is an activating group; and when a is zero, Z can be an ammonium, amine or metal cation. In one embodiment this composition further comprises (B) a phosphorus compound.

Claims

1. A low-viscosity engine lubricating oil composition, said composition being characterized by a phosphorus content of about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight and comprising:

a major amount of an oil having a kinematic viscosity of up to about 4 cST at 100°

C.; and

a minor antiwear amount of

(A) a compound represented by the formula

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R.sup.1 R.sup.2 N--C(X)S--(CR.sup.3 R.sup.4).sub.a Z (A-I)

wherein in Formula (A-I), R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups, provided that at least one of R¹ and R² is a hydrocarbyl group;

X is O or S;

a is zero, 1 or 2; and

Z is a hydrocarbyl group, a hetero group, a hydroxy hydrocarbyl group, an activating group, or a --(S)_b C(X)NR¹ R² group wherein b is zero, 1 or 2;

provide that when a is 2, Z is an activating group; and

when a is zero, Z can be an ammonium, amine or metal cation.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said lubricating composition has an SAE Viscosity Grade of 0W, 0W-20, 0W-30, 0W-40, 0W-50, 0W-60, 5W, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50 or 5W-60.

3. The composition of claim 1 wherein R¹ and R² are independently aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups of 1 to about 30 carbon atoms.

4. The composition of claim 1 wherein X is S.

5. The composition of claim 1 wherein in Formula (A-I), Z is a carboxylic acid or ester group, a sulfonic acid or ester group, a sulfinic acid or ester group, a phosphonic acid or ester group, a phosphinic acid or ester group, an amide group, an ether group, a carbonyl group, or a cyano group.

6. The composition of claim 1 wherein a is zero, and Z is --C(S)--NR¹ R², --SC(S)--NR¹ R² or --SSC(S)--NR¹ R².

7. The composition of claim 1 wherein (A) is a compound represented by the formula ##STR12## wherein in Formula (A-V), R¹, R² and R⁵ are independently hydrocarbyl groups.

8. The composition of claim 1 wherein (A) is a compound represented by the formula ##STR13##

9. The composition of claim 1 wherein (A) is a compound represented by the formula ##STR14## wherein in Formula (A-VII), R¹ and R² are independently hydrocarbyl groups, and X is O or S.

10. The composition of claim 1 wherein (A) is a compound represented by the formula ##STR15## wherein in Formula (A-VIII), R¹ and R² are independently aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups.

11. The composition of claim 1 further comprising:

(B) a phosphorus compound.

12. The composition of claim 11 wherein (B) is a phosphorus acid, phosphorus acid ester, phosphorus acid salt, or derivative thereof.

13. The composition of claim 11 wherein (B) is a phosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid, monothiophosphoric acid, dithiophosphoric acid, thiophosphinic acid or thiophosphonic acid.

14. The composition of claim 11 wherein (B) is a phosphorus acid ester derived from a phosphorus acid or anhydride and an alcohol of 1 to about 50 carbon atoms.

15. The composition of claim 11 wherein (B) is a phosphite, a monothiophosphate, a dithiophosphate, or a dialkylthiophosphoryl disulfide.

16. The composition of claim 11 wherein (B) is a metal, amine or ammonium salt.

17. The composition of claim 11 wherein (B) is a phosphorus containing amide or a phosphorus-containing carboxylic ester.

18. The composition of claim 11 wherein (B) is a compound represented by the formula ##STR16## wherein in Formula (B-I), R¹, R² and R³ are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups, X is O or S, and a, b and c are independently zero or 1.

19. The composition of claim 11 wherein (B) is a compound represented by the formula ##STR17## wherein in Formula (B-II), R¹, R² and R³ are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups, and a, b and c are independently zero or 1.

20. The composition of claim 11 wherein (B) is a compound represented by the formula ##STR18## wherein in Formula (B-III):

X¹, X² and X³ and X⁴ are independently O or S, and X¹ and X² can be NR⁴ ;

a and b are independently zero or 1; and

R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrocarbyl groups, and R³ and R⁴ can be hydrogen;

or a metal, amine or ammonium salt of said compound.

21. The composition of claim 11 wherein (B) is a compound represented by the formula ##STR19## wherein in Formula (B-IV), R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrocarbyl groups, X¹ and X² are independently O or S, and n is zero to 3.

22. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a corrosion-inhibiting agent, detergent, dispersant, antioxidant, viscosity improving agent, antiwear agent, extreme-pressure agent, pour-point depressant, friction-modifier, fluidity-modifier, anti-foam agent, or mixture of two or more thereof.

23. A low-viscosity engine lubricating oil composition, said composition being characterized by a phosphorus content of about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight and comprising:

a major amount of an oil having a kinematic viscosity of up to about 4 cST at 100°

C.; and

a minor antiwear amount of

(A) a compound represented by the formula ##STR20##

24. A low-viscosity engine lubricating oil composition, said composition being characterized by a phosphorus content of about 0.01% to about 0.08% by weight and comprising:

a major amount of an oil having a kinematic viscosity of up to about 4 cST at 100°

C.; and

a minor antiwear amount of

(A) a compound represented by the formula ##STR21## and (B) a phosphorus compound.

25. A low-viscosity engine lubricating oil composition, said composition being characterized by a phosphorus content of about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight and comprising:

a major amount of an oil having a kinematic viscosity of up to about 4 cST at 100°

C.; and

a minor antiwear amount of

(A) a compound represented by the formula ##STR22## wherein in Formula (A-VII), R¹ and R² are independently hydrocarbyl groups, and X is O or S.

26. A low-viscosity engine lubricating oil composition, said composition being characterized by a phosphorus content of about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight and comprising:

a major amount of an oil having a kinematic viscosity of up to about 4 cST at 100°

C.; and

a minor antiwear amount of

(A) a compound represented by the formula ##STR23## wherein in Formula (A-VII), R¹ and R² are independently hydrocarbyl groups, and X is O or S, and

(B) a phosphorus compound.

27. A process for making an engine lubricating oil composition characterized by enhanced antiwear properties, comprising:

mixing an oil having a kinematic viscosity of up to about 4 cST at 100°

C.; and

(A) a compound represented by the formula

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R.sup.1 R.sup.2 N--C(X)S--(CR.sup.3 R.sup.4).sub.a Z (A-I)

wherein in Formula (A-I), R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups, provided that at least one of R¹ and R² is a hydrocarbyl group;

X is O or S;

a is zero, 1 or 2; and

Z is a hydrocarbyl group, a hetero group, a hydroxy hydrocarbyl group, an activating group, or a --(S)_b C(X)NR¹ R² group wherein b is zero, 1 or 2;

provide that when a is 2, Z is an activating group; and

when a is zero, Z can be an ammonium, amine or metal cation;

said oil composition being characterized by a phosphorus content of about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight.

28. A process for making an engine lubricating oil composition characterized by enhanced antiwear properties, comprising:

mixing an oil having a kinematic viscosity of up to about 4 cST at 100°

C.; and

(A) a compound represented by the formula ##STR24## said oil composition being characterized by a phosphorus content of about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight.

29. A process for making an engine lubricating oil composition characterized by enhanced antiwear properties, comprising:

mixing an oil having a kinematic viscosity of up to about 4 cST at 100°

C.; and

(A) a compound represented by the formula ##STR25## wherein in Formula (A-VII), R¹ and R² are independently hydrocarbyl groups, and X is O or S;

said oil composition being characterized by a phosphorus content of about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight.