Dental implant fixture for anchorage in cortical bone
First Claim
1. A dental implant fixture designed and intended for installation in a posterior jawbone region that is cancellous internally and cortical externally characterized by lingual and buccal cortical plates joined by superior cortical bone and bounding a relatively large body of cancellous bone occupying a substantial portion of the buccal-to-lingual thickness of said jawbone in said region, said fixture comprising:
- an implant body having a gingival end, an apical end, a length dimension L and a width dimension W that is at least about 5.0 mm and substantially constant along a substantial portion of said length dimension L, said implant body having an external thread making multiple turns substantially along said length dimension L and suitable for effecting thread-engaging bone-to-implant contact between said implant and at least said superior cortical bone joining said plates when said implant fixture is installed through said superior cortical bone in said site with said gingival end near said superior cortical bone and said apical end penetrating said cancellous bone between said buccal and lingual cortical plates; and
a stop flange having a maximum diameter which is not substantially larger than a peak-to-peak diameter of said external thread on said body, said stop flange limiting the penetration of said apical end into said jawbone.
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Abstract
A dental implant fixture intended for installation in maxillary and mandibular posterior regions where bone is cancellous internally and cortical externally characterized by buccal and lingual cortical plates bounding a relatively large body of cancellous bone. The body of the implant fixture has a width dimension that is substantially the same as the distance between the buccal and lingual cortical plates in the site of installation and has a stop flange of substantially the same width at its gingival end. When the implant is installed in that site the stop flange makes bone-to-implant contact with the coronal bone which joins the plates. The length of this implant fixture is limited so that when so installed it does not make contact with the mandibular canal or the sinus cavity.
85 Citations
59 Claims
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1. A dental implant fixture designed and intended for installation in a posterior jawbone region that is cancellous internally and cortical externally characterized by lingual and buccal cortical plates joined by superior cortical bone and bounding a relatively large body of cancellous bone occupying a substantial portion of the buccal-to-lingual thickness of said jawbone in said region, said fixture comprising:
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an implant body having a gingival end, an apical end, a length dimension L and a width dimension W that is at least about 5.0 mm and substantially constant along a substantial portion of said length dimension L, said implant body having an external thread making multiple turns substantially along said length dimension L and suitable for effecting thread-engaging bone-to-implant contact between said implant and at least said superior cortical bone joining said plates when said implant fixture is installed through said superior cortical bone in said site with said gingival end near said superior cortical bone and said apical end penetrating said cancellous bone between said buccal and lingual cortical plates; and a stop flange having a maximum diameter which is not substantially larger than a peak-to-peak diameter of said external thread on said body, said stop flange limiting the penetration of said apical end into said jawbone. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. An artificial dental root fixture comprising
a substantially cylindrical body made of a material that is biocompatible with living human jawbone, said body being unitary and having an outer surface, said body having an axial length that is not substantially greater than about 13 mm, a diametric width that is not substantially less than about 5 mm, and a thread on said outer surface making multiple turns around said body: - and
a stop flange having a maximum diameter not substantially larger than said diametric width of said body. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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- 33. A method of installing a dental implant fixture in a posterior region of a living human jawbone where said jawbone is cancellous internally and cortical externally and is characterized by lingual and buccal cortical plates joined by superior cortical bone and bounding a relatively large mass of cancellous bone occupying a substantial portion of the buccal-to-lingual thickness of said jawbone, comprising the steps of preparing a substantially cylindrical implant receiving bore penetrating the superior cortical bone without counter-sink in said jawbone at a selected site in said region, stopping said bore short of the mandibular canal or the maxillary sinus, as the case may be, selecting an implant fixture having a gingival end and an apical end, with stop means at the gingival end of said fixture having a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of said bore in said superior cortical bone for stopping substantially against the superior cortical bone when said fixture is installed in said bore, and a length L from said stop means not larger than the depth of said bore, and installing said fixture in said bore so as to make bone-to-fixture contact with at least said superior cortical bone and to bring said stop means into firm contact with said superior cortical bone, and thereby to effect initial stabilization of said implant fixture in said bore.
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39. In combination, a dental implant fixture and an artificial tooth,
said dental implant fixture having a gingival end and an apical end, said body being substantially cylindrical between said apical and gingival ends and having a diameter being greater than about 4.5 mm, said gingival end having a gingival surface with substantially the same diameter as said body, and a flange with a width not substantially larger than said diameter for stopping said apical end short of the inferior alveolar mandibular canal if said implant fixture is inserted in the posterior mandible and short of the superior sinus cavity if said implant fixture is inserted in the posterior maxillary bone, and said artificial tooth mounted on said implant fixture, said tooth having in contact with said gingival surface a meeting surface of substantially the same size and shape as said gingival surface.
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41. A dental implant fixture designed and intended for installation in a posterior jawbone region that is cancellous internally and cortical extremity characterized by lingual and buccal cortical plates bounding a relatively large body of cancellous bone occupying a major portion of the buccal-to-lingual thickness of said jawbone in said region, said fixture comprising:
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a substantially cylindrical implant body having a gingival end, a distal end, an exterior surface and a width dimension between said ends that is at least about 5.0 mm, said gingival end having a substantially flat gingival surface that is approximately bounded within said exterior surface of said body, said width dimension of said body being substantially constant between said gingival end and said distal end; and bone-engaging stop means at said gingival end for fixing said fixture in crestal bone between said lingual and buccal cortical plates in said region, the length L of said implant fixture between said ends being limited to less than about 13.0 mm so as to stop said distal end short of the superior sinus cavity if said region is in the posterior maxillary bone crest when said implant fixture is installed in said region with said gingival surface approximately flush with the surface of said crestal bone. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44)
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45. A dental implant fixture designed and intended for installation in a posterior jawbone region that is cancellous internally and cortical externally characterized by lingual and buccal cortical plates joined by superior cortical bone and bounding a relatively large body of cancellous bone occupying a substantial portion of the buccal-to-lingual thickness of said jawbone in said region, said fixture comprising:
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an implant body having a thread, a gingival end, an apical end, and a width dimension W that is at least about 5.0 mm and substantially constant between said apical end and gingival end, said thread making multiple turns around said body and suitable for effecting bone-to-implant contact between said implant and at least the superior cortical bone joining said plates when said implant fixture is installed through said superior cortical bone in said site, a minimum axial distance between adjacent surfaces on at least a pair of successive turns of said thread being approximately no larger than the maximum axial thickness of said thread; and a stop flange having a diameter which is larger than a minor diameter of said thread for limiting the penetration of said implant into said jawbone. - View Dependent Claims (46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52)
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53. A method of installing a dental implant in a posterior region of a living human jawbone where said jawbone is cancellous internally and cortical externally and is characterized by lingual and buccal cortical plates bounding a relatively large mass of cancellous bone occupying a major portion of the buccal-to-lingual thickness of said jawbone, comprising the steps of:
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preparing an implant-receiving bore in said jawbone at a selected site in said region, said bore having a diameter being large enough to allow an implant to reach both of said plates; stopping said bore short of the mandibular canal or the maxillary sinus, as the case may be; choosing an implant having a diameter W at least as large as the diameter of said bore and a length L not larger than the depth of said bore, said implant having stop means to limit the penetration of said implant into said mandibular canal or said maxillary sinus; and installing said implant in said bore so as to make bone-to-implant contact with each of said plates and thereby to effect initial stabilization of said implant in said bore. - View Dependent Claims (54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59)
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Specification