High visibility fabric and safety vest

• US 5,695,853 A
• Filed: 11/13/1995
• Issued: 12/09/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 05/18/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co (3M Company)
• Inventors: Swanson, David P., Billingsley, Britton G., Lightle, Vera L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ryan, Patrick
• Assistant Examiner(s): GRAY, JILL M
• Application Number:
  US08/555,877
• Time in Patent Office: 757 Days
• Field of Search: 428/171, 428/172, 428/283, 428/284, 428/402, 428/406, 428/407, 2/102
• US Class Current: 428/171
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 13/01 with reflective or luminous safety means visible signalling arrangements G08B5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 31/325 using layered materials
• CPC Class Codes: D06N 3/0056 characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating D06N3/005 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: D06N 3/0065 Organic pigments, e.g. dyes, brighteners
• CPC Class Codes: D06P 1/0012 Effecting dyeing to obtain luminescent or phosphorescent dyeings
• CPC Class Codes: D06Q 1/00 Decorating textiles
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/128 transparent spheres being embedded in matrix
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 5/004 Reflective safety signalling devices attached on persons
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24603 Fiber containing component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24612 Composite web or sheet
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/25 Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2929 Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 442/2598 Radiation reflective
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 442/2861 Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 442/641 Sheath-core multicomponent strand or fiber material

Abstract

A high visibility fabric includes a web of fibrous material and a fluorescent layer. The web has first and second major surfaces, and the fluorescent layer includes fluorescent pigment in a crosslinked resin. The resin penetrates into the web to surround the fibers and is bonded thereto, but the fluorescent pigment is concentrated at the first major surface at a level greater than at the second major surface. Because the pigment concentrates at the one surface, considerably less pigment is used in producing a fluorescent colored fabric. The fabric can be used to form a safety vest, and retroreflective sheeting can be placed on the vest to further enhance visibility.

Claims

1. A high visibility fabric that comprises:

a) a web of fibrous material having first and second major surfaces; and

b) a fluorescent layer comprising fluorescent pigment in a cross-linked resin,

the fabric being characterized in that the resin penetrates into the web to surround the fibers and is bonded thereto, but the fluorescent pigment is concentrated at the first major surface of the web at a level greater than at the second major surface.

2. The high visibility fabric of claim 1, wherein there is a decreasing gradient of pigment concentration from the first major surface to the second major surface.

3. The high visibility fabric of claim 2, wherein greater than 50 percent of the total fluorescent pigment is concentrated at the first major surface.

4. The high visibility fabric of claims 1, wherein the web of fibrous material includes a nonwoven web comprising fusibly interbonded thermoplastic fibers, and wherein the fluorescent layer is bonded to the nonwoven web such that the crosslinked resin surrounds and reinforces bonds between the fusibly interbonded thermoplastic fibers.

5. The high visibility fabric of claim 1, wherein the fabric has a total areal density of 20 grams per square meter to 200 grams per square meter.

6. The high visibility fabric of claim 1, wherein the fabric has a fluorescent pigment concentration of 2 to 8 grams per square meter.

7. The high visibility fabric of claim 1, wherein the fabric has a spectral reflected radiance of 170 to 190 percent measured at a range of 400 to 700 nanometers using D-65 illuminant and 0°

/45°

geometry.

8. The high visibility fabric of claim 1 further comprising a retroreflective sheeting that is secured to the first major surface of the web.

9. The high visibility fabric of claim 1, wherein the web is nonwoven and comprises bicomponent sheath core fibers.

10. A safety vest comprising the high visibility fabric of claim 1, the being fabric is configured in the shape of a vest sized to fit a person.

11. The safety vest of claim 9, having a retroreflective sheeting disposed on the outer surface thereof.