Multilayer enzyme electrode membranes and methods of making same
First Claim
1. A sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution, the sensor comprising:
- a substrate layer formed from an electrically insulating material;
an electrode layer formed from an electrically conductive material, the electrode layer being disposed over and supported by the substrate layer;
an immobilized enzyme layer including an enzyme immobilized in a support member, the immobilized enzyme layer being disposed over and supported by the electrode layer;
a microporous layer formed from a polymer powder, a mineral powder and a polymer binder, the microporous layer being disposed over and supported by the immobilized enzyme and substrate layers.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An electrochemical sensor is designed for use in detecting a concentration of an analyte in a sample solution. The sensor to have a longer useful lifetime, improved stability and improved response time for single or multiple use applications. In one aspect, some of these goals are achieved by providing the multilayer enzyme electrode membrane having both nonporous and microporous layers. The microporous layer is formed from a polymer binder, a polymer powder, a surfactant and a mineral powder. In another aspect, certain of these goals are achieved by the use of a layer comprised of an enzyme disposed within a polymer matrix. In certain embodiments, the multilayer enzyme electrode membrane includes an outermost layer which is capable of dissolving in the sample solution such that the interface between the multilayer enzyme electrode membrane and the sample solution is continually renewed. The sensor provides an electrical current output proportional to the reagent chemical interaction of the analyte with an immobilized enzyme layer during exposure of the sensor in such solution.
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Citations
55 Claims
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1. A sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution, the sensor comprising:
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a substrate layer formed from an electrically insulating material; an electrode layer formed from an electrically conductive material, the electrode layer being disposed over and supported by the substrate layer; an immobilized enzyme layer including an enzyme immobilized in a support member, the immobilized enzyme layer being disposed over and supported by the electrode layer; a microporous layer formed from a polymer powder, a mineral powder and a polymer binder, the microporous layer being disposed over and supported by the immobilized enzyme and substrate layers. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution, the sensor comprising:
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a first layer formed from an electrically insulating material; a second layer formed from an electrically conductive material, the second layer being disposed over and supported by the first layer; a third layer formed from a dielectric material, the third layer being disposed over and supported by the first layer; a fourth layer including an enzyme immobilized in a support member or matrix of said fourth layer, the fourth layer being disposed over and supported by the second layer; a fifth layer formed from a silane, the fifth layer being disposed over and supported by the third and fourth layers; a sixth layer formed from an enzyme disposed within a polymer matrix, the sixth layer being disposed over and supported by the fifth layer. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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42. A method of measuring a concentration of an analyte disposed within a solution, the solution further containing at least one interferant, the method comprising the steps of:
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operatively engaging an electrode sensor with the solution in which the analyte is disposed, the electrode sensor comprising a substrate layer, an electrode layer, an immobilized enzyme layer and a selectively permeable microporous layer formed from a polymer powder, a polymer binder and a mineral powder, the microporous layer being located between the immobilized enzyme layer and the solution; passing the solution in which the analyte is disposed through the microporous layer while minimizing passage of the at least one interferant through the microporous layer to the electrode layer. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45, 46)
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47. In a sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution, the sensor being formed from a substrate layer, a dielectric layer, an electrode layer and an immobilized enzyme layer, wherein the electrode layer is disposed over a first area on the substrate layer, the dielectric layer is disposed over a second area adjacent said first area on the substrate, and the immobilized enzyme layer is disposed on the electrode layer, and wherein the improvement comprises:
a microporous layer formed from a polymer powder, a mineral powder and a polymer binder, the microporous layer being supported by the substrate and immobilized enzyme layers. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55)
Specification