Method of controlling generated power in series hybrid vehicle

• US 5,698,955 A
• Filed: 08/02/1995
• Issued: 12/16/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 09/01/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Nii, Yoshihide
• Primary Examiner(s): Masih, Karen
• Application Number:
  US08/510,497
• Time in Patent Office: 867 Days
• Field of Search: 318/139, 318/254, 318/138, 318/439, 364/551.01
• US Class Current: 318/139
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/46 Series type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2045 for optimising the use of energy
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/441 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/11 using model predictive control [MPC] strategies, i.e. control methods based on models predicting performance utilising navigation and traffic information in the control strategy B60W20/12
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 50/0097 Predicting future conditions
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/903 : having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor

Abstract

A method of controlling a generated power in a series hybrid vehicle. From the tendency of an inverter input power or a motor dissipation power in a certain period is first estimated the tendency of the inverter input power or the motor dissipation power in the next period. The target power to be generated is then set on the basis of the results of the estimation. Alternatively the target power to be generated is corrected in accordance with the quantities such as an accelerator angle indicating the load of the motor or a battery current indicating the state of charge/discharge of the battery. Alternatively that period is compulsorily interrupted to start the next period. This will eliminate a delay arising from averaging the inverter input powers or the motor dissipation powers for use as the target power in the next period, thus resulting in improved vehicle power efficiency and drive feeling.

Claims

1. A method of controlling a generated power to be executed in a series hybrid vehicle, said series hybrid vehicle including an engine, a generator, a battery and a motor, the generator being driven by the engine, the motor being driven by said generated power of the generator and a discharged power of the battery, the battery being charged by said generated power;

said method comprising;

a first step of controlling, for each of successive periods, said generated power in accordance with a target power to be generated;

a second step of detecting, while controlling the generated power, a plurality of times in a single period, a prediction base quantity indicating both an instantaneous motor output of said motor and a direction of change of the instantaneous motor output; and

a third step of determining, on a basis of said prediction base quantity, a target power to be generated in a coming period.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said instantaneous motor output comprises detecting conditions selected from a group of conditions consisting of:

a) a combination of a current flowing through the motor and a voltage applied to the motor;

b) a combination of a discharged current of the battery and a voltage of the battery; and

c) a combination of an output torque of the motor and a number of rotations of the motor.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein said prediction base quantity is an approximation function approximating variations in said instantaneous motor output,

said third step including:

a step of estimating an expectation of an average output of the motor in said coming period, using the approximation function determined with respect to a period which has already elapsed; and

a step of determining, on the basis of said expectation, the target power to be generated in said coming period.

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said approximation function is a linear function.

5. A method according to claim 3, further comprising a step of determining said approximation function by approximating, using a least-squares approximation, a relationship between a plurality of points of time lying within the period which has already elapsed and the instantaneous motor output at the plurality of points of time.

6. A method according to claim 3, further comprising a step of determining said approximation function as a function joining the instantaneous motor output of the motor at each of the plurality of points of time lying within the period which has already elapsed.

7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of points, used in the step of determining said approximation function as a function joining the instantaneous motor output of the motor, comprise points at a start timing and an end timing of the period which has already elapsed.

8. A method according to claim 3, wherein the step of estimating said expectation substitutes for said approximation function a point of time lying in a middle of said coming period.

9. A method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of designating said prediction base quantity as a first index value indicating a state of positive/negative acceleration of the motor at the most recent point of time;

and

said third step including;

a step of averaging instantaneous motor outputs for each period to detect an average output of the motor in that period; and

a step of setting, as the target power in said coming period, the quantity obtained by modifying, in accordance with said first index value, the average output of the motor in a period which has already elapsed.

10. A method according to claim 9, wherein the steps of designating said prediction base quantity as said first index value uses a value selected from a group of values consisting of:

a) an instantaneous motor output of the motor at the most recent point of time;

b) a number of rotations of the motor at the most recent point of time;

c) a velocity of the series hybrid vehicle at the most recent point of time;

d) a torque required for the motor at the most recent point of time; and

e) an amount of depression of an accelerator pedal at the most recent point of time as said first index value.

11. A method according to claim 9, further comprising:

a step of classifying, previous to said modification, into any one of a plurality of output zones, the average output of the motor in the period which has already elapsed on the basis of its value;

a step of classifying, previous to said modification, into any one of a plurality of positive/negative acceleration zones, the state of positive/negative acceleration at the most recent point of time on the basis of its first index value; and

a step of determining, previous to said modification, contents of said modification in accordance with a combination of the output zone into which said average output has been classified and the positive/negative acceleration zone into which said state of positive/negative acceleration has been classified.

12. A method according to claim 11, further comprising the steps of:

modifying said target power to be generated into a larger value than before modification in the case where the output zone into which said average output has been classified is an output zone indicating a small output and the positive/negative acceleration zone into which said state of positive/negative acceleration has been classified is a positive/negative acceleration zone indicating a high positive acceleration, and

modifying said target power to be generated into a smaller value than before modification in the case where the output zone into which said average output has been classified is an output zone indicating a large output and the positive/negative acceleration zone into which said state of positive/negative acceleration has been classified is an positive/negative acceleration zone indicating a low positive acceleration.

13. A method according to claim 12, wherein the step of modifying said target power to be generated uses a constant predetermined by a ratio relative to a permitted maximum generated power of the generator.

14. A method according to claim 9, further comprising:

a step of detecting, previous to modification of said target power to be generated, a second index value indicating a state of average positive/negative acceleration of the motor in said period which has already elapsed;

a step of detecting, previous to modification of said target power to be generated, said first index value; and

a step of modifying said target power to be generated in accordance with an amount of variation of said second index value with respect to said first index value.

15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the step of detecting said second index value detects a value selected from a group of values consisting of:

a ) an average output of the motor in the period which has already elapsed;

b) an average number of rotations of the motor in the period which has ready elapsed;

c) an average velocity of the series hybrid vehicle in the period which has already elapsed;

d) an average torque required for the motor in the period which has already elapsed; and

e) an average amount of depressing an accelerator pedal in the period which has already elapsed and uses said detected value as said second value.

16. A method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of:

using said prediction base quantity as a first index value indicating the state of positive/negative acceleration of the motor at the most recent point of time; and

said third step including;

a step of detecting that the first index value has changed to a predetermined degree or more, on the basis of a second index value indicating the state of positive/negative acceleration of the motor during a preceding predetermined period of time;

a step of, when the first index value has changed to a predetermined degree or more, compulsorily interrupting the period which is just about to elapse and compulsorily starting a new period;

a step of averaging the instantaneous motor outputs of the motor for each period to detect the average output of said motor in that period; and

a step of setting, at the time when the new period is started, as the target power to be generated in that new period the average output of the motor in the period which has already elapsed.

17. A method according to claim 16, wherein the second step of detecting said prediction base quantity, which is used as the first index value, detects a value selected from a group of values consisting of:

a) an instantaneous motor output of the motor at the most recent point of time or its moving average;

b) a number of rotation of the motor at the most recent point of time or its moving average;

c) a velocity of the series hybrid vehicle at the most recent point of time or its moving average;

d) a torque required for the motor at the most recent point of time or its moving average and

e) an amount of depressing an accelerator pedal at the most recent point of time or its moving average;

the second index value is any one selected from a group consisting of;

f) an average output of the motor in the period which has already elapsed;

g) an average number of rotations of the motor in the period which has already elapsed;

h) an average velocity of the series hybrid vehicle in the period which has already elapsed;

i) an average torque required for the motor in the period which has already elapsed; and

j) an average amount of depressing the accelerator pedal in the period which has already elapsed.

18. A method according to claim 16, further comprising:

a step of averaging the first index values for each period to determine the second index value in the next period.

19. A method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of:

designating said prediction base quantity as a third index value indicating the state of charge/discharge of said battery at the most recent point of time; and

said third step including;

a step of detecting that the third index value has changed to a predetermined degree or more, on the basis of a fourth index value indicating the average state of charge/discharge of the battery during the preceding predetermined period of time;

a step, when said third index value has changed to said predetermined value or more, for compulsorily interrupting the period which is just about to elapse and for compulsorily starting a new period;

a step of averaging the instantaneous outputs of the motor for each period to detect the average output of the motor; and

a step, at the point of time when the new period has been started, for setting as the target power in that new period, the average output of the motor in the period which has already elapsed.

20. A method according to claim 19, wherein the step of designating said prediction base quantity as said third index value uses a value selected from a group of values consisting of:

a) a discharged current of the battery at the most recent point of time or its moving average;

b) an accumulated value of the discharged current of the battery in the period which is just about to elapse; and

c) a state of charge of the battery at the most recent point of time;

said fourth index value comprises one of;

d) 0;

or

e) a state of charge of the battery at the earliest point of time after the end of the period which has already elapsed.