Lubricant compositions

• US 5,700,764 A
• Filed: 05/08/1996
• Issued: 12/23/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 05/22/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Afton Chemical Ltd (Newmarket Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Ethyl Petroleum Additives Incorporated (Newmarket Corporation)
• Inventors: Macpherson, Ian, Walters, David Kenvyn
• Primary Examiner(s): McAvoy, Ellen M.
• Application Number:
  US08/646,838
• Time in Patent Office: 594 Days
• Field of Search: 508/436, 508/437, 508/422, 508/527, 508/530, 508/545, 508/338, 508/339
• US Class Current: 508/338
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/10 having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/14 containing at least 2 hydroxy groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/38 having 8 or more carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/04 Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines polyalkylene polyamines with eleven or more monomer units C10M149/22
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/16 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/38 Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/52 having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/02 Sulfurised compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/30 containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/08 Ammonium or amine salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/10 Thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 141/10 at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/16 obtained by Mannich reactions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 163/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/023 having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/024 having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/026 with tertiary alkyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/027 Neutral salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/123 polycarboxylic
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/125 having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/128 : containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/129 : having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/22 : Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/084 : Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/104 : of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/02 : Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/04 : having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/042 : containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 : Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/065 : Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/066 : Arylene diamines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/08 : Amides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/082 : containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/086 : Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/12 : Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/122 : Phtalamic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/22 : Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/221 : Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/225 : the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/226 : Morpholines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/24 : having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms , e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/26 : Amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 : Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/30 : Heterocyclic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/023 : the amino group containing an ester bond
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/024 : containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/042 : between the nitrogen-containing monomer and an aldehyde or ketone
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/043 : Mannich bases
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/046 : Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/06 : Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/02 : Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/022 : of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/024 : of esters, e.g. fats
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/082 : containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/087 : containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/088 : Neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/089 : Overbased salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2221/041 : involving sulfurisation of macromolecular compounds, e.g. polyolefins
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/043 : Ammonium or amine salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/045 : Metal containing thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/047 : Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2229/02 : Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2229/041 : containing aliphatic substituents
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2229/05 : containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/02 : Bearings
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/04 : Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/042 : for automatic transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/044 : for manual transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/046 : for traction drives

Abstract

Lubricants and additive packages that give exceptional performance as heavy duty gear lubricants are described. Four essential oil-soluble additive components are used in combination, viz., a metal-free sulfur-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent having a copper corrosion test activity of not more than 65; a metal-free phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent; an organic carboxylic acid; and an organic amine. Tests comparing the performance of the invention against a commercial premium API GL-5 gear oil additive package selected as the best available package by a well-known OEM have shown the superiority of the present compositions under a number of test conditions.

Claims

1. A method of inhibiting pitting and enhancing tooth life of gears in a gear box or axle of a vehicle which comprises introducing into the gear box or axle a gear oil comprising at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and at least the following additive components:

a) at least one oil-soluble, metal-free, sulfur-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent having a copper corrosion test activity of not more than 65, wherein the gear oil contains from 0.6 to 3.0 wt % of sulfur;

b) at least one oil-soluble metal free, phosphorus-and nitrogen-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent, wherein the gear oil contains from 0.04 to 0.25 wt % of phosphorus;

c) from 0.07 to 0.50 wt % of at least one oil-soluble organic carboxylic acid; and

d) from 0.2 to 0.8 wt % of at least one oil-soluble organic amine, and keeping that gear oil therein as the gear lubricant therefor for the period of service recommended or specified by the manufacturer of the vehicle.

2. A method of inhibiting pitting and enhancing tooth life of gears in a transmission, gear box or axle of a vehicle designed for heavy duty service which comprises introducing into the gear box or axle as the gear lubricant therefor, a gear oil comprised of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and at least the following additive components:

a) at least one oil-soluble metal-free sulfur-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent having a copper corrosion test activity of not more than 65, wherein the gear oil contains from 0.6 to 3.0 wt % of sulfur;

b) at least one oil soluble metal free phosphorus-and nitrogen-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent where the gear oil contains from 0.04 to 0.25 wt % of phosphorus comprising (i) at least one amine salt of a dihydrocarbyl monothiophosphoric acid or (ii) at least one amine salt of a hydrocarbyl phosphoric acid, or both (i) and (ii);

c) from 0.07 to 0.50 wt % of at least one aliphatic oil-soluble organic monocarboxylic acid having in the range of 6 to 24 carbon atoms per molecule; and

d) from 0.2 to 0.8 wt % of at least one aliphatic oil-soluble organic primary monoamine having in the range of 6 to 24 carbon atoms per molecule and maintaining that gear oil therein for a total of at least 100,000 miles of vehicle operation.