High performance abrasive articles containing abrasive grains and nonabrasive composite grains

• US 5,702,811 A
• Filed: 10/20/1995
• Issued: 12/30/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/20/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: 3M Company
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Ho, Kwok-Lun, Harmer, Walter L.
• Primary Examiner(s): LE, HOA T
• Application Number:
  US08/545,874
• Time in Patent Office: 802 Days
• Field of Search: 428/323, 428/327, 428/331, 428/328, 428/329, 428/330, 428/403, 51/295, 51/298, 51/304, 51/307, 51/308, 51/309
• US Class Current: 428/323
• CPC Class Codes: B24D 11/00 Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
• CPC Class Codes: B24D 3/344 the bonding agent being organic
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/25 Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/254 Polymeric or resinous material
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/256 Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/257 Iron oxide or aluminum oxide
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/258 Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or compound thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/259 Silicic material
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2991 Coated

Abstract

A coated abrasive article comprised of a backing having a layer of grains adherently bonded thereto by a binding material, wherein the layer of grains comprises abrasive grains and nonabrasive composite grains, and the nonabrasive composite grains comprise inorganic nonabrasive particles bonded together by a binder selected from the group consisting of a metal salt of fatty acid, colloidal silica, and combinations thereof. The abrasive article has an unexpected abrading efficiency, performing equal to, or superior to, a coated abrasive article containing only abrasive grains. The invention also relates to a bonded abrasive article comprising the abrasive grains and nonabrasive composite grains adhered together.

Claims

1. A coated abrasive article, comprising a backing having a layer of grains adherently bonded thereto by a binding material, wherein said layer of grains comprises abrasive grains and nonabrasive composite grains, and said nonabrasive composite grains comprise inorganic nonabrasive particles bonded together by a binder selected from the group consisting of a metal salt of a fatty acid, colloidal silica, and combinations thereof;

wherein an average particle size of said abrasive grains is a value x in micrometers, an average particle size of said nonabrasive composite grains is a value y in micrometers, and a numerical value of ratio y/x ranges from about 0.5 to about 2.

2. The coated abrasive article of claim 1, wherein said nonabrasive composite grains have an average particle size within a factor of two of the average size of said abrasive particles.

3. The coated abrasive article of claim 2, wherein said abrasive grains have an average particle size ranging from about 0.1 to 1500 micrometers.

4. The coated abrasive article of claim 1, wherein said nonabrasive composite grains comprise 5 to 90% by weight said inorganic nonabrasive particles and 10 to 95% by weight said binder.

5. The coated abrasive article of claim 1, wherein said nonabrasive composite grains comprise 10 to 80% by volume of the total volume of said abrasive grains and said nonabrasive composite grains.

6. The coated article of claim 1, wherein said inorganic nonabrasive particles of said nonabrasive composite grains are selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, potassium tetrafluoroborate, cryolite, sodium metaphosphate, calcium magnesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, silica, talc, clay, montmorillonite, feldspar, mica, calcium silicate, calcium metasilicate, sodium aluminosilicate, sodium silicate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, sodium sulfate, aluminum sodium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, gypsum, vermiculite, wood flour, aluminum trihydrate, carbon black, calcium oxide, aluminum trihydrate, titanium oxide, calcium sulfite, and combinations thereof.

7. The coated abrasive article of claim 1, wherein said inorganic nonabrasive particles of said nonabrasive composite grains are selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, potassium tetrafluoroborate, cryolite, sodium metaphosphate, and combinations thereof.

8. The coated abrasive article of claim 1, wherein said binder is a metal salt of a fatty acid.

9. The coated abrasive article of claim 8, wherein said metal salt of a fatty acid comprises a straight chain saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms in said chain.

10. The coated abrasive article of claim 8, wherein said metal salt of a fatty acid comprises zinc stearate.

11. The coated abrasive article of claim 1, wherein said abrasive grain is selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, fused alumina, zirconia, silica, garnet, ceria, flint, diamond, silicon carbide, cubic boron nitride, boron carbide, and combinations thereof.

12. The coated abrasive article of claim 1, wherein said abrasive grain is selected from the group consisting of alpha alumina-based ceramic materials, fused alumina-zirconia, refractory coated silicon carbide, diamond, diamond-like carbon, cubic boron nitride, and combinations thereof.

13. The coated abrasive article of claim 1, wherein said binding material is selected from the group consisting of phenolic resin, aminoplast resin having pendant α

,β

-unsaturated carbonyl groups, urethane resin, epoxy resin, ethylenically-unsaturated resin, acrylated isocyanurate resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, isocyanurate resin, acrylated urethane resin, acrylated epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, fluorene modified epoxy resin, and combinations thereof.

14. The coated abrasive article of claim 1, further comprising an additional binding material adhered upon said layer of grains.