Broadband CDMA overlay system and method

• US 5,703,874 A
• Filed: 04/07/1994
• Issued: 12/30/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 12/05/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Interdigital Technology Corporation (InterDigital, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Interdigital Technology Corporation (InterDigital, Inc.)
• Inventors: Schilling, Donald L.
• Primary Examiner(s): TON, DANG T
• Application Number:
  US08/329,371
• Time in Patent Office: 1,363 Days
• Field of Search: 370/18, 370/95.1, 370/95.2, 370/453, 370/100.1, 370/103, 370/104.1, 370/57, 370/58.1, 370/123, 370/77, 370/69.1, 370/50, 370/70, 370/310, 370/312, 370/313, 370/314 , 370/320, 370/321, 370/324, 370/329, 370/335, 370/336, 370/337, 370/342, 370/346, 370/347, 370/350, 375/200-206, 455/33.1-33.4, 455/12.1, 455/53.1, 455/54.1, 455/54.2, 455/56.1, 379/59, 379/60, 380/34, 380/48
• US Class Current: 370/335
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/82 wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0036 of measured values, i.e. measurement on mobile and position calculation on base station
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/14 Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/71 the interference being narrowband interference
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7101 with estimation filters
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7102 with transform to frequency domain
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18547 for geolocalisation of a station position fixing by direction or distance determination G01S5/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/216 Code division or spread-spectrum multiple access [CDMA, SSMA]
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2628 using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA] H04B7/2618 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2631 for broadband transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 13/00 Code division multiplex systems for frequency hopping H04B1/713
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/18 Information format or content conversion, e.g. adaptation by the network of the transmitted or received information for the purpose of wireless delivery to users or terminals
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/343 taking into account loading or congestion level
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/346 distributing total power among users or channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/042 Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/08 Access point devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 92/18 between terminal devices

Abstract

A spread-spectrum CDMA communications system for communicating data between a plurality of users to a plurality of spread-spectrum units. The spread-spectrum communications system is located within a same geographical region as occupied by an existing FDMA, proposed TDMA or any other mobile-cellular system. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system includes a plurality of spread-spectrum-base stations and a plurality of spread-spectrum units. A spread-spectrum-base station has a comb filter for notch filtering predetermined channels of the mobile-cellular system, a device for converting the format of the data into a form for communicating over radio waves, a spread-spectrum modulator for spread-spectrum processing the data, and a transmitter for transmitting the spread-spectrum-processed converted data from the spread-spectrum-base station to a spread-spectrum unit. The spread-spectrum-base station also has an antenna, and spread-spectrum detectors for recovering data communicated from the spread-spectrum units. A spread-spectrum unit has an antenna, and a detector, including a spread-spectrum demodulator, coupled to the antenna for recovering data communicated from the spread-spectrum-base station, and the spread-spectrum unit has a spread-spectrum modulator, a transmitter, and a device for converting the format of the data for communicating over radio waves.

Claims

1. A spread-spectrum code division multiple access (CDMA) communications system for communicating data between a plurality of spread-spectrum units, said spread-spectrum CDMA communications system located within a same geographical region as occupied by a mobile-cellular system having an allocated frequency spectrum, with each cell of the mobile-cellular system having a cellular bandwidth divided into predetermined channels and having guard bands between the predetermined channels, the mobile-cellular system having cellular units communicating on the predetermined channels, said spread-spectrum CDMA communications system overlaying the cellular bandwidth and reusing the allocated frequency spectrum, comprising:

a plurality of spread-spectrum-base stations located within the mobile-cellular system for communicating data to the plurality of spread-spectrum units, each of said spread-spectrum-base stations including,

a base-modulator for converting the format of the data into a form for output to communicate over radio waves;

a base-spread-spectrum modulator for spread-spectrum-processing the converted data;

a base-transmitter for transmitting across cellular bandwidth the spread-spectrum-processed-converted data from the spread-spectrum-base station to a spread-spectrum unit as a spread-spectrum signal; and

a base-comb filter for attenuating the predetermined channels of the mobile-cellular system;

the plurality of spread-spectrum units, each of said plurality of spread-spectrum units including,

a unit antenna for receiving the spread-spectrum signal as a received signal; and

a unit-spread-spectrum-receiver, coupled to said antenna, for recovering the data in the received signal communicated from said spread-spectrum signal communicated from said spread-spectrum-base station, said unit-spread-spectrum-receiver including a unit filter and a unit demodulator.

2. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 1, each of said plurality of spread-spectrum base stations further comprising base-sector means for dividing a geographical region covered by a respective spread-spectrum base station into a plurality of sectors, said respective base station including a base-modulator, a base-spread-spectrum modulator, a base-comb filter, and a base-transmitter for each of said plurality of sectors.

3. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said unit-spread-spectrum-receiver includes a memory for storing a local chip code for comparison to the received spread-spectrum signal for recovering the data sent from said spread-spectrum-base station to said spread-spectrum unit.

4. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said unit-spread-spectrum-receiver includes a phase-lock loop circuit for synchronizing said unit-spread-spectrum-receiver to the received signal.

5. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said base-spread-spectrum modulator at said spread-spectrum-base station includes a plurality of EXCLUSIVE-OR gates for processing the data for particular spread-spectrum units with a selected chip code.

6. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said base-transmitter transmits the data in a time division format.

7. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said unit demodulator includes a noncoherent detector.

8. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 6 wherein said unit demodulator includes a coherent detector.

9. A spread-spectrum code division multiple access (CDMA) communications system for communicating data between spread-spectrum units, said spread-spectrum CDMA communications system located within a same geographical region as occupied by a mobile-cellular system having an allocated frequency spectrum, with each cell of the mobile-cellular system having a cellular bandwidth divided into predetermined channels and having guard bands between the predetermined channels, the mobile-cellular system having cellular users communicating on the predetermined channels, said spread-spectrum CDMA communications system overlaying the cellular bandwidth and reusing the allocated frequency spectrum, comprising:

a plurality of spread-spectrum units, located within the mobile-cellular system for communicating data to a plurality of spread-spectrum unit users, each of said plurality of spread-spectrum units including,

a unit modulator for converting the data to a form for output to communicate over radio waves;

a unit-spread-spectrum modulator for spread-spectrum-processing the converted data; and

a unit-spread-spectrum transmitter for transmitting across the cellular bandwidth, the spread-spectrum-processed-converted data from said spread-spectrum unit to a spread-spectrum-base station as a spread-spectrum signal;

said spread-spectrum-base station including,

a base antenna for receiving the spread-spectrum signal;

a base-comb-filter coupled to said base antenna for notch filtering the received spread-spectrum signal at the predetermined channels, reducing interference to the cellular users and to the spread-spectrum unit users such that the allocated frequency spectrum effectively supports four to eleven times an original maximum-capacity number of the cellular users as supported users, the supported users including the cellular users and the spread-spectrum unit users; and

a base-spread-spectrum-receiver, coupled to said base-comb-filter, for recovering the data communicated from said spread-spectrum unit, said base-spread-spectrum receiver including a base-spread-spectrum-filter and a base spread-spectrum-demodulator.

10. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 9 wherein said base-spread-spectrum receiver includes a base detector for converting the format of the data into a form for output to a user.

11. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 9 wherein said base-spread-spectrum-receiver includes a memory for storing a local chip code for comparison to the received spread-spectrum signal for recovering the data sent from said spread-spectrum unit to said spread-spectrum-base station.

12. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 9 wherein said base-spread-spectrum-receiver includes a phase-lock loop circuit for synchronizing said base-spread-spectrum-receiver the received spread-spectrum signal.

13. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 9 wherein said base-spread-spectrum-demodulator at said spread-spectrum-base station includes a plurality of EXCLUSIVE-OR gates for processing the data for particular spread-spectrum units with a selected chip code.

14. The spread-spectrum CDMA communications system as set forth in claim 9 wherein said unit-spread-spectrum-transmitter transmits the spread-spectrum-processed-converted data in a time division format.

15. A spread-spectrum receiver for use with a spread-spectrum-base station of a spread-spectrum code division multiple access (CDMA) communications system for communicating data between a plurality of spread-spectrum units, said spread-spectrum communications system located within a geographical area occupied by a mobile-cellular system having an allocated frequency spectrum, with each cell of the mobile-cellular system having a cellular bandwidth divided into predetermined channels and having guard bands between the predetermined channels, the mobile-cellular system having a plurality of cellular users communicating on the predetermined channels, said spread-spectrum CDMA communications system overlaying the cellular bandwidth and reusing the allocated frequency spectrum, said spread-spectrum receiver comprising:

a base antenna;

base-sector means for dividing the geographical area, within which the spread spectrum communications system is located, into six sectors, said base-sector means including a six sector antenna and control circuits for handing-off between sectors;

a base-comb-filter for notch filtering a received spread-spectrum signal at the predetermined channels; and

a base-detector, coupled through said base-comb-filter and said base-sector means to said base antenna, for recovering the data in the received spread-spectrum signal communicated from at least one of said plurality of spread-spectrum units.

16. The spread-spectrum receiver as set forth in claim 15 wherein said base-comb-filter includes a notch filter having band rejection at the plurality of predetermined channels.

17. A broadband code division multiple access (B-CDMA) spread-spectrum communications system for communicating data between a plurality of spread-spectrum units, said B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system located within a same geographical region as occupied by a mobile-cellular system having mobile-cellular units, with each cell of the mobile-cellular system having a cellular bandwidth divided into predetermined channels separated by guard bands, said mobile-cellular units communicating on the predetermined channels, said B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system overlaying the cellular bandwidth such that a total number of the plurality of spread-spectrum units and the mobile-cellular units using the cellular bandwidth is from four to eleven times a number of original mobile-cellular units before overlay, with the number of original mobile-cellular units being close to a maximum number supportable by the mobile-cellular system, comprising:

a plurality of spread-spectrum-base stations, each of said plurality of spread-spectrum-base stations located within a cell of the mobile-cellular system for communicating the data to the plurality of spread-spectrum units, each of said plurality of spread-spectrum-base stations having base-sector means including at least a three-sector antenna for dividing a geographical area covered by said spread-spectrum-base station into at least three sectors, with said spread-spectrum-base station, for each sector, including,

base-converting means for converting the format of the data into a form for output to communicate over radio waves;

base-spread-spectrum-processing means for spread-spectrum-processing the converted data;

base-transmitting means for transmitting across the cellular bandwidth in a sector the spread-spectrum-processed-converted data from the spread-spectrum-base station to a spread-spectrum unit in the sector as a spread-spectrum signal; and

a base comb filter for notching out the predetermined channels of the mobile-cellular system;

the plurality of spread-spectrum units, each of said plurality of spread-spectrum units including,

a unit antenna for receiving the spread-spectrum signal as a received signal; and

a unit-spread-spectrum receiver, coupled to said unit antenna, for recovering the data in the received signal, said unit-spread-spectrum receiver including a unit filter for filtering the spread-spectrum signal and a unit demodulator for despreading the spread-spectrum signal;

said base-sector means, by focusing power to the relevant sector, allowing said base-transmitting means to transmit at a reduced power level, thereby reducing a combined interfering power level from the mobile-cellular units and said spread-spectrum base station, such that cellular bandwidth capacity is increased from four to eleven times the original number of mobile-cellular units.

18. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 17 wherein said unit receiver includes means for converting the format of the data into a form for output to a user.

19. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 17 wherein said unit demodulator includes means for storing a local chip code for comparison to the spread-spectrum signal for recovering the data sent from said spread-spectrum-base station to said spread-spectrum unit.

20. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 17 wherein said unit demodulator includes means for synchronizing said unit receiver to the received signal.

21. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 17 wherein said unit demodulator at each spread-spectrum-unit includes means for processing the data for particular spread-spectrum units with a selected chip code.

22. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 17 wherein said base-transmitting means transmits the data in a time division format.

23. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 17 wherein the unit receiver includes a noncoherent detector.

24. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 22 wherein the unit receiver includes a coherent detector.

25. A broadband code division multiple access (B-CDMA) spread spectrum communications system for communicating data between a plurality of spread-spectrum units, said B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system located within a same geographical region as occupied by a mobile-cellular system having mobile-cellular units, with each cell of the mobile-cellular system having a cellular bandwidth divided into predetermined channels separated by guard bands, said mobile-cellular units communicating on the predetermined channels, said B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system overlaying the cellular bandwidth such that a total number of the plurality of spread-spectrum units and mobile-cellular units using the cellular bandwidth is from four to eleven times a number of original mobile-cellular units before overlay, with the number of original mobile-cellular units being close to a maximum number supportable by the mobile-cellular system, comprising:

the plurality of spread-spectrum units, located within the same geographical region as occupied by the mobile-cellular system for communicating the data to a plurality of users, each of said spread-spectrum units including,

unit-converting means for converting data to a form for output to communicate over radio waves;

unit-spread-spectrum-processing means for spread-spectrum-processing the converted data; and

unit-transmitting means for transmitting, across the cellular bandwidth, the spread-spectrum-processed-converted data to a spread-spectrum-base station as a spread-spectrum signal;

a spread-spectrum-base station including,

a base transmitter;

a base antenna for receiving the spread-spectrum signal;

base-sector means coupled to said base antenna and to said base transmitter for sectoring the received spread-spectrum signal and for allowing said base transmitter to transmit at a reduced power level, thereby reducing a combined interfering power level from the mobile-cellular units and said spread-spectrum base station, such that cellularbandwidth capacity is increased from four to eleven times the number of original mobile-cellular units;

base-comb-filtering means for attenuating the received spread-spectrum signal at the predetermined channels; and

base-detection means, coupled to said base-sector means, for recovering the data communicated in the spread-spectrum signal, said base-detection means including base-despreading means for despreading the received spread-spectrum signal to recover the converted data.

26. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 25 wherein said base-detection means includes means for converting the format of the data into a form for output to a user.

27. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 25 wherein said base-despreading means includes means for storing a local chip code for comparison to the received spread-spectrum signal for recovering the data sent from a spread-spectrum unit to said spread-spectrum-base station.

28. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 25 wherein said base-despreading means includes means for synchronizing said base-despreading means to the received spread spectrum signal.

29. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 25 wherein said base-despreading means at said spread-spectrum-base station includes means for processing the data for particular spread-spectrum units with a selected-chip code.

30. The B-CDMA spread-spectrum communications system as set forth in claim 25 wherein said unit-transmitting means transmits the data in a time division format.

31. A spread-spectrum receiver for use with a spread-spectrum-base station of a spread-spectrum code division multiple access (CDMA) communications system, for communicating data between a plurality of spread-spectrum units, said spread-spectrum communications system located within a geographical area occupied by a mobile-cellular system having an allocated frequency spectrum, with each cell of the mobile-cellular system having a cellular bandwidth divided into a plurality of predetermined channels and having guard bands between said plurality of predetermined channels, the mobile-cellular system having a plurality of cellular users communicating on said plurality of predetermined channels, said spread-spectrum CDMA communications system overlaying the cellular bandwidth and reusing the allocated frequency spectrum, said spread-spectrum receiver comprising:

a base antenna;

base-sector means for dividing the geographical area, within which the spread spectrum communications system is located, into three sectors, said base-sector means including a three-sector antenna and control circuits for handing-off between sectors;

base-comb-filtering means for notch filtering a received spread-spectrum signal at the plurality of predetermined channels; and

base-detection means, coupled through said base-comb-filtering means and said base-sector means to said base antenna, for recovering the data in the received spread-spectrum signal communicated from one of said plurality of spread-spectrum units.

32. A method, using a spread-spectrum code division multiple access (CDMA) communications system, for communicating data between a plurality of spread-spectrum units and a spread-spectrum-base station located with a same geographical region as occupied by a mobile-cellular system having an allocated frequency spectrum, with each cell of the mobile-cellular system having a cellular bandwidth divided into predetermined channels and having guard bands between the predetermined channels, said mobile-cellular system having cellular users communicating on the predetermined channels, said spread-spectrum CDMA communications system overlaying the cellular bandwidth and reusing the allocated frequency spectrum, said method comprising the steps of:

sectoring a geographical area covered by a spread-spectrum-base station into at least two sectors, and from said spread-spectrum-base station and within each sector,

converting the format of the data into a form for communicating over radio waves;

spread-spectrum processing the converted data as a spread-spectrum-processed converted data signal;

transmitting the spread-spectrum-processed converted data signal across the cellular bandwidth in an appropriate sector as a spread-spectrum signal;

receiving, at a spread-spectrum unit in the appropriate sector, the spread-spectrum signal;

notch filtering, at said spread-spectrum unit, the spread-spectrum signal at the predetermined channels;

demodulating, at said spread-spectrum unit, the spread-spectrum signal; and

recovering, at said spread-spectrum unit, the data from the spread-spectrum signal.

33. The method as set forth in claim 32, wherein the step of recovering the data from the spread-spectrum signal includes converting the format of the recovered data into a form for output to a user.

34. The method as set forth in claim 32, wherein the step of spread-spectrum processing the converted data includes the steps of:

storing a local chip code; and

processing the converted data with the local chip code.

35. The method as set forth in claim 32, wherein the step of spread-spectrum processing the converted data includes the step of synchronizing the spread-spectrum processing of the converted data to a received spread-spectrum signal.

36. The method as set forth in claim 32, wherein the step of spread-spectrum processing the converted data includes the step of processing data for a particular spread-spectrum unit with a selected chip code.

37. The method as set forth in claim 32, wherein the step of transmitting includes transmitting the spread-spectrum-processed-converted data in a time division format.

38. The method as set forth in claim 32, wherein the step of demodulating includes noncoherently demodulating the spread-spectrum signal.

39. The method as set forth in claim 37, wherein the step of demodulating includes using a coherent detector for detecting the spread-spectrum signal.