Solid state thin film battery having a high temperature lithium alloy anode

• US 5,705,293 A
• Filed: 01/09/1997
• Issued: 01/06/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 01/09/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Hobson, David O.
• Primary Examiner(s): Maples, John S.
• Application Number:
  US08/780,999
• Time in Patent Office: 362 Days
• Field of Search: 429/162, 429/124, 429/218, 429/191
• US Class Current: 429/162
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0562 Solid materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/39 working at high temperature
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/40 Alloys based on alkali metals
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

An improved rechargeable thin-film lithium battery involves the provision of a higher melting temperature lithium anode. Lithium is alloyed with a suitable solute element to elevate the melting point of the anode to withstand moderately elevated temperatures.

Claims

1. A thin-film electrochemical cell suitable for use at temperatures exceeding 180°

C. comprising;

a) a substrate;

b) a first and a second electrically conductive film deposited on the surface of said substrate, said first and second films separated horizontally and said first film larger than said second film;

c) a third film of cathode material deposited on the surface of said first film;

d) a fourth film of an electrolyte overlapping said third film to extend upon said first film and to partially extend upon said substrate separating said first and second films and at least partially upon said second film; and

e) a fifth film comprising a lithium alloy having a melting point higher than the melting point of pure lithium deposited over substantially all of said second and said fourth films, said fifth film being electrochemically stable in contact with said fourth film,

said thin-film electrochemical cell being operable at temperatures exceeding about 180°

C.

2. A thin-film electrochemical cell in accordance with claim 1 wherein said lithium alloy comprises at least 50 a/o lithium.

3. A thin-film electrochemical cell in accordance with claim 1 wherein said lithium alloy comprises lithium and magnesium.

4. A thin-film electrochemical cell in accordance with claim 3 wherein said lithium alloy comprises a selected amount of magnesium in the range of about 5 a/o to about 40 a/o, balance lithium.