Non-railbound vehicle with an electric motor and an internal combustion engine powered generator wherein a low voltage source and capacitors are used to operate the generator as a starter to start the engine

• US 5,705,859 A
• Filed: 09/13/1995
• Issued: 01/06/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 04/02/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Mannesmann Corporation (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Mannesmann AG (Vodafone Group PLC)
• Inventors: Karg, Erich, Lutz, Dieter
• Primary Examiner(s): Stephan, Steven L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Cuneo, Christopher
• Application Number:
  US08/522,282
• Time in Patent Office: 846 Days
• Field of Search: 290/45, 290/10, 290/50, 180/65.2, 180/65.3, 180/65.4
• US Class Current: 290/45
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/02 comprising more than one electric motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2006/268 Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/26 characterised by the motors or the generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/28 characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/46 Series type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/00 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles circuit arrangements for charging batteries H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/26 Rail vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/10 using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/40 using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/10 Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2400/112 Batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2400/114 Super-capacities
• CPC Class Codes: F02N 11/04 the motors being associated with current generators
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/14 for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1438 in combination with power supplies for loads other than batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1492 by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2101/45 : for motor vehicles, e.g. car alternators
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/08 : Control of generator circuit during starting or stopping of driving means, e.g. for initiating excitation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/907 : Electricity storage, e.g. battery, capacitor

Abstract

A non-railbound vehicle in which at least one driving wheel is coupled with an electric motor which is supplied with electric current via power electronics influenced by an electronic control depending on the power requirement selected by the driver via an accelerator pedal. The current is produced by a generator (2) which is coupled with an internal combustion engine. The current for driving the generator is supplied with an operating voltage in the medium-voltage range. Additionally, there is a vehicle power supply in the low-voltage range which ensures the supply of power to accessory electrical consumers. The low-voltage power supply has a vehicle battery and is supplied with current obtained by transforming a portion of the mechanical energy generated by the internal combustion engine. The generator can also be operated as an electric motor for starting the internal combustion engine. A DC-voltage intermediate circuit outfitted with capacitors is connected downstream of the generator, and powers the electric motors. The electronic control is programmed to provide for a charging of the capacitors of the DC-voltage intermediate circuit from the vehicle battery before starting the internal combustion engine, and the current for motor operation (starter operation) of the generator is drawn from the DC-voltage intermediate circuit.

Claims

1. A non-rail bound vehicle, comprising:

an accelerator pedal;

an internal combustion engine;

at least one electric motor;

at least one driving wheel coupled with the at least one electric motor;

power electronics arranged and operative to supply electric current to the at least one electric motor;

electronic control means for influencing the power electronics depending on a power requirement selected by a driver of the vehicle via the accelerator pedal;

a generator operative to produce the electric current for the electric motor and coupled with the internal combustion engine, the generator being driveable by a current having an operating voltage in a medium-voltage range, the generator being configured to operate as an electric motor for starting the internal combustion engine;

accessory electrical consumers; and

low-voltage vehicle power supply means for supplying power to the accessory electrical consumers, the low-voltage power supply means including a battery connected to the internal combustion engine so as to receive current obtained by transformation of mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine, the power electronics including DC-voltage intermediate circuit means that includes capacitors and is connected downstream of the generator for powering the at least one electric motor, the electronic control means including a driving control programmed and operative to connect the battery to the DC-voltage intermediate circuit means to charge the capacitors before the internal combustion engine is started, the DC-intermediate circuit means being operative to supply current to the generator for starting the engine.

2. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the generator is configured to be driveable by a current having an operating voltage in a range of 100 to 1500 volts.

3. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the low voltage power supply means provides power below 60 volts.

4. A vehicle according to claim 1, and further comprising a voltage transformer operatively provided to transform the low voltage of current drawn from the battery to the capacitors for starting the internal combustion engine into a medium voltage above 100 volts.

5. A vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the voltage transformer is also configured to reduce the medium voltage of the generator to a low voltage for charging the battery during operation of the internal combustion engine.

6. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine includes a crankshaft, the generator being a multipolar permanently excited DC-generator with electronic commutation, the electronic control means being operative to provide oscillation starting of the internal combustion engine when an amount of energy which is stored in the capacitors of the DC-voltage intermediate circuit means and which can subsequently be provided by the battery is insufficient for direct rotation of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine over a top dead center position.

7. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the generator is a multipolar permanently excited DC-generator with electronic commutation and permanent magnets of an FeNdB alloy.