Sensors for measuring analyte concentrations and methods of making same
First Claim
1. A sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution, comprising:
- a substrate layer formed from an electrically insulating material;
an electrode layer formed from an electrically conductive material, the electrode layer being supported by the substrate layer;
an immobilized enzyme layer including an enzyme immobilized in a support material, the immobilized enzyme layer being supported by the electrode, the immobilized enzyme layer electrode layer having a hydrophobicity; and
a hydrophobic layer supported by the immobilized enzyme layer and the substrate layer, the hydrophobic layer having a hydrophobicity greater than the hydrophobicity of the immobilized enzyme layer, the hydrophobic layer having a water droplet advancing angle of from about 60°
to about 100°
.
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Abstract
A sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution. The sensor comprises a substrate layer, an electrode layer and an immobilized enzyme layer. The sensor further includes an enzyme/polymer layer and/or a hydrophobic layer. The enzyme/polymer layer includes an enzyme disposed within a polymer matrix. The hydrophobic layer is formed from a material that is more hydrophobic than the immobilized enzyme layer material. In certain embodiments, the sensor includes the enzyme/polymer layer and the hydrophobic layer disposed between the enzyme/polymer layer and the immobilized enzyme layer such that the enzyme/polymer layer is disposed along the hydrophobic layer within an area above the immobilized enzyme layer.
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Citations
72 Claims
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1. A sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution, comprising:
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a substrate layer formed from an electrically insulating material; an electrode layer formed from an electrically conductive material, the electrode layer being supported by the substrate layer; an immobilized enzyme layer including an enzyme immobilized in a support material, the immobilized enzyme layer being supported by the electrode, the immobilized enzyme layer electrode layer having a hydrophobicity; and a hydrophobic layer supported by the immobilized enzyme layer and the substrate layer, the hydrophobic layer having a hydrophobicity greater than the hydrophobicity of the immobilized enzyme layer, the hydrophobic layer having a water droplet advancing angle of from about 60°
to about 100°
. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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31. A method of making a sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution, the method comprising the steps of:
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providing a substrate layer; disposing an electrically conductive layer along a surface of the substrate layer to form an electrode layer; disposing a layer including an enzyme immobilized in a support material along a surface of the electrode layer to form an immobilized enzyme layer; and disposing a hydrophobic layer formed from a silane along a surface of the immobilized enzyme layer. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38)
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39. In a sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution, the sensor being formed from a substrate layer, an electrode layer and an immobilized enzyme layer having a hydrophobicity, the electrode layer being disposed on the substrate layer, the immobilized enzyme layer being disposed on the electrode layer, wherein the improvement comprises:
a hydrophobic layer having a hydrophobicity greater than the hydrophobicity of the immobilized enzyme layer, the hydrophobic layer being supported by the immobilized enzyme layer, the hydrophobic layer having a water droplet advancing angle of from about 60°
to about 100°
.- View Dependent Claims (40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48)
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49. A sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution, the sensor comprising:
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a substrate layer formed from an electrically insulating material; an electrode layer formed from an electrically conductive material, the electrode layer being supported by the substrate layer; an immobilized enzyme layer including an enzyme immobilized in a support member, the immobilized enzyme layer being supported by the electrode layer; an enzyme-polymer layer including an enzyme, the enzyme-polymer layer being disposed above the immobilized enzyme layer; and an hydrophobic layer disposed between the immobilized enzyme layer and the enzyme-polymer layer, the hydrophobic layer being formed from a silane. - View Dependent Claims (50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63)
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64. In a sensor for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a solution, the sensor being formed from a substrate layer, a dielectric layer, an electrode layer and an immobilized enzyme layer, wherein the electrode layer is disposed on the substrate layer, the dielectric layer is disposed on the substrate, and the immobilized enzyme layer is disposed on the electrode layer, and wherein the improvement comprises:
an enzyme-polymer layer including an enzyme, the enzyme-polymer layer being disposed above the immobilized enzyme layer and a hydrophobic layer disposed between the immobilized enzyme layer and the enzyme-polymer layer, the hydrophobic layer being formed from a silane. - View Dependent Claims (65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72)
Specification