Process for recovering olefins from cat-cracked gas without accumulating undesirable oxides of nitrogen

• US 5,710,357 A
• Filed: 06/05/1995
• Issued: 01/20/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 10/28/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Inventors: Thomson, William Douglas, Grenoble, Dane Clark, Halle, Roy Thomas
• Primary Examiner(s): Caldarola, Glenn A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): BULLOCK, IN SUK C
• Application Number:
  US08/464,492
• Time in Patent Office: 960 Days
• Field of Search: 585/809, 585/853, 585/867, 62/19, 62/23
• US Class Current: 585/809
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 70/041 by distillation
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 70/06 by gas-liquid contact
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2205/30 using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2205/50 using absorption, i.e. with selective solvents or lean oil, heavier CnHm and including generally a regeneration step for the solvent or lean oil
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2210/12 Refinery or petrochemical off-gas
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2215/62 Ethane or ethylene
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2215/64 Propane or propylene
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2220/02 Separating impurities in general from the feed stream
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0209 Natural gas or substitute natural gas
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0219 Refinery gas, cracking gas, coke oven gas, gaseous mixtures containing aliphatic unsaturated CnHm or gaseous mixtures of undefined nature
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0233 separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0238 separation of CnHm with 2 carbon atoms or more
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0242 separation of CnHm with 3 carbon atoms or more
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0247 separation of CnHm with 4 carbon atoms or more
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0252 separation of hydrogen production of hydrogen containing gas in general C01B3/00, e.g. separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases form gaseous mixtures at low temperatures C01B3/506

Abstract

A safe, effective, and economical method is provided for recovering olefins from cat-cracked gases without accumulating dangerous amounts of nitrogen oxides. A stream of cat-cracked gas first is scrubbed to remove acid gases, including nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and then is passed through a depropanizer fractionation tower. Hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms are recovered in the bottoms of the depropanizer, and the overhead from the depropanizer--which is composed of hydrocarbons having three or fewer carbon atoms--is sent to an absorber demethanizer tower. Hydrocarbons having two or more carbon atoms are recovered in the bottoms from the absorber demethanizer tower, where temperatures are no lower than about -45.56° C. (-50° F.) The overhead from the absorber demethanizer tower--which is composed of methane, hydrogen, and trace amounts of nitrogen oxide, C₂, and absorbent (C₃)--then is chilled to condense and recover trace amounts of C₂ and heavier gases, including trace amounts of the C₃ absorbent, at temperatures of about -101.11° C. (-150° F.) or higher. Thus, recovery of desired hydrocarbons from the cat-cracked gas is conducted at temperatures that are high enough to prevent the oxidation of nitric oxide (NO) to form nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and high enough to prevent the accumulation of unwanted nitrogen oxides.

Claims

1. A process for preventing the accumulation of undesirable oxides of nitrogen during the recovery of one or more desired hydrocarbons from cat-cracked gas comprising:

passing said gas through an alkaline solution to remove acid gases;

passing said gas through a depropanizer at a temperature between about -28.89°

C. (-20°

F.) to -40°

C. (-40°

F.) to form a first portion and a second portion;

passing said first portion through an absorber demethanizer at a temperature above about -45.56°

(-50°

F.) to form a third portion and a fourth portion;

recovering at least one desired hydrocarbon from said third portion at temperatures above about -106.67°

C. (-160°

F.).

2. The process of claim 1 wherein said recovering step comprises chilling said third portion to a temperature between about -78.89°

C. (-110°

F.) and -101.11°

C. (-150°

F.) whereby said third portion is separated into a fifth and a sixth portion.

3. The process of claim 2 wherein said chilling step comprises heat exchanging said sixth portion with said third portion after expansion of said third portion.

4. The process of claim 3 wherein said expansion is a Joule Thomson expansion.

5. The process of claim 1 wherein said first portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having no more than three carbon atoms and said second portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having at least four carbon atoms.

6. The process of claim 4 wherein said first portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having no more than three carbon atoms and said second portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having at least four carbon atoms.

7. The process of claim 1 wherein said third portion primarily comprises compounds selected from the group consisting of methane, hydrogen, nitrogen-containing compounds, and a small proportion of hydrocarbons having two and three carbon atoms, and said fourth portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms.

8. The process of claim 6 wherein said third portion primarily comprises compounds selected from the group consisting of methane, hydrogen, nitrogen-containing compounds, and a small proportion of hydrocarbons having two and three carbon atoms, and said fourth portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms.

9. The process of claim 2 wherein said fifth portion comprises a fraction enriched in hydrocarbons having two and three carbon atoms and said sixth portion primarily comprises compounds selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methane, and nitric oxide.

10. The process of claim 8 wherein said fifth portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having two and three carbon atoms and said sixth portion primarily comprises compounds selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methane, and nitric oxide.

11. The process of claim 1 wherein said recovering step comprises absorbing said at least one desired hydrocarbon from said third portion using a hydrocarbon absorbent having more than three carbon atoms.

12. The process of claim 1 wherein said first portion is passed through said absorber demethanizer at temperatures between about -28.89°

C. (-20°

F.) and -40°

C. (-40°

F.).

13. The process of claim 12 wherein said recovering step comprises chilling said third portion to a temperature between about -78.89°

C. (-110°

F.) and -101.11°

C. (-150°

F.) whereby said third portion is separated into a fifth and a sixth portion.

14. The process of claim 13 wherein said chilling step comprises heat exchanging said sixth portion with said third portion after expansion of said third portion.

15. The process of claim 14 wherein said expansion is Joule Thomson expansion.

16. The process of claim 12 wherein said first portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having no more than three carbon atoms and said second portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having at least four carbon atoms.

17. The process of claim 13 wherein said first portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having no more than three carbon atoms and said second portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having at least four carbon atoms.

18. The process of claim 16 wherein said third portion primarily comprises compounds selected from the group consisting of methane, hydrogen, nitrogen-containing compounds, and a small proportion of hydrocarbons having two and three carbon atoms, and said fourth portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms.

19. The process of claim 17 wherein said third portion primarily comprises compounds selected from the group consisting of methane, hydrogen, nitrogen-containing compounds, and a small proportion of hydrocarbons having two and three carbon atoms, and said fourth portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms.

20. The process of claim 18 wherein said fifth portion primarily comprises a fraction enriched in hydrocarbons having two and three carbon atoms and said sixth portion primarily comprises compounds selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methane, and nitric oxide.

21. The process of claim 19 wherein said fifth portion primarily comprises hydrocarbons having two and three carbon atoms and said sixth portion primarily comprises compounds selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methane, and nitric oxide.

22. The process of claim 12 wherein said recovering step comprises absorbing said at least one desired hydrocarbon from said third portion using a hydrocarbon absorbent having more than three carbon atoms.

23. The process of claim 13 wherein said temperature of said third portion is reduced to between about -78.89°

C. (-110°

F.) and -90°

C. (-130-°

F.) during said chilling step.

24. The process of claim 19 wherein said temperature of said third portion is reduced to between about -78.89°

C. (-110°

F.) and -90°

C. (-13020 F.) during said chilling step.

25. The process of claim 12 wherein said desired hydrocarbon is an olefin.

26. The process of claim 24 wherein said desired hydrocarbon is an olefin.