Method and apparatus for controlling the cleaning cycle of air filter elements and for predicting the useful life thereof

• US 5,711,785 A
• Filed: 10/26/1995
• Issued: 01/27/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 10/26/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Ormet Corporation, Ormet Primary Aluminum Corporation (Ormet Corporation), Specialty Blanks, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Ormet Corporation
• Inventors: Maxwell, Allan L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Duane S.
• Application Number:
  US08/548,443
• Time in Patent Office: 824 Days
• Field of Search: 95/14, 95/15, 95/20, 95/25, 95/26, 95/279, 95/280, 55/270, 55/271, 55/272, 55/274, 55/283, 55/302, 55/DIG. 34
• US Class Current: 95/15
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 46/02 Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 46/444 by flow measuring
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 46/46 automatic
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 46/58 connected in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 46/71 with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 55/34 Indicator and controllers

Abstract

A method and apparatus are disclosed for cleaning filter elements, such as filter bags in a plurality of baghouses and for predicting the useful life of such filter elements in individual baghouses. The volumetric flow rate of air from each baghouse is continually calculated using actual impact and static pressure measurements and compared with a flow rate set point. The set point is continually adjusted for density correction based on the actual air stream temperature. The bags are pulsed for cleaning when the flow rate is less than the adjusted set point. Pulsing is then halted when the flow rate reaches or exceeds the adjusted set point. Total daily cleaning times are accumulated over time and graphically displayed to indicate when a critical level is reached indicating that filter bag change out is needed. Each baghouse is monitored in this manner to reflect the unique operating conditions of each baghouse.

Claims

1. Apparatus for cleaning filter elements in a plurality of parallel ducted modules wherein each module contains a plurality of filter elements, each of said modules having pulse means to dislodge accumulated particulate matter from the filter elements when said means is activated, said apparatus comprising:

means for measuring an impact pressure and a static pressure of a gas stream flowing from each module;

means for transmitting said impact pressure and static pressure measurements to a computer means for calculating an actual volumetric flow rate of gas flowing from each module and for comparing said actual volumetric flow rate with a flow rate set point; and

means for signaling the pulse means of each module to activate said pulse means for a given module when the calculated flow rate for the given module is below said set point and for deactivating said pulse means when said calculated flow rate for the given module is at least equal to said set point.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the means for measuring the impact pressure and the static pressure is an averaging double tube Pitot tube.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the computer means accumulates a total time the pulse means is in an activated mode for each module on a daily basis, and means for graphically displaying said daily total time, whereby, a useful bag life for each module may be predicted when said graphical display exceeds a critical level.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 including means for measuring a temperature of the gas stream whereby a density correction factor may be calculated for said gas stream by said computer means to provide a corrected flow rate set point for comparing with said actual volumetric flow rate.

5. Apparatus for cleaning bag filters in a plurality of parallel ducted baghouses and for predicting a useful life thereof, comprising:

means for determining an actual volumetric flow rate of a gas stream discharged from each of the baghouses;

means for sensing a temperature of the gas stream;

means for selectively cleaning the bag filters in each baghouse;

means for determining an adjusted flow rate set point based on a density factor correction in accordance with the sensed temperature and for comparing the determined volumetric flow rate for each baghouse and the adjusted flow rate set point, wherein when the actual volumetric flow rate for a given baghouse is below the adjusted set point, said cleaning means is activated for the given baghouse and when the actual volumetric flow rate is at least equal to said set point, said cleaning means is deactivated; and

means for accumulating a total daily time said cleaning means is in an activated condition for each baghouse, including means for graphically displaying said total daily times for each baghouse, whereby, an end of the useful life of the bags in each baghouse may be predicted.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said cleaning means is one selected from the group consisting of a pulsed compressed air system, a mechanical shaker system, and a mechanical rapper system.

7. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said means for determining the actual volumetric flow rate comprises an averaging double tube Pitot tube for measuring an impact pressure and a static pressure in the gas stream discharged from the baghouse and further includes computer means for calculating the volumetric flow rate of said gas stream based on said impact and static pressure measurements, said computer means also functioning as said means for determining the adjusted flow rate set point, for comparing said volumetric flow rate and said adjusted set point, for activating and deactivating said cleaning means and for accumulating the total daily time the cleaning means is in an activated condition.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the cleaning means is a pulsed compressed air system.

9. A method for cleaning filter elements in a plurality of parallel ducted modules housing a plurality of filter elements, each of said modules having cleaning means to dislodge accumulated particulate matter from the filter elements when the cleaning means is selectively activated, the method comprising the steps of:

a) measuring an impact pressure and a static pressure in a gas stream being discharged from each module;

b) calculating an actual volumetric flow rate of said gas stream from each module;

c) measuring a temperature of said gas stream and calculating a density factor for said gas stream based on said measured temperature;

d) calculating an adjusted flow rate set point based upon said density factor;

e) comparing said actual volumetric flow rate from each module and said adjusted set point;

f) activating the cleaning means for a given module when the actual volumetric flow rate is less than the adjusted set point for said given module; and

g) deactivating the cleaning means when the volumetric flow rate for the given module is at least equal to the adjusted set point.

10. The method of claim 9 further including the steps of:

accumulating a total daily time said cleaning means is in an activated condition for each module; and

predicting an end of the useful life of the filter elements in each module when the accumulated daily cleaning time for each module exceeds a predetermined level.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said predetermined critical level is about 70% of a 24-hour daily operating period.

12. The method of claim 9 wherein the cleaning means is one selected from the group consisting of a pulsed compressed air system, a mechanical shaker system and a mechanical rapper system.

13. A method of cleaning filter bags and for predicting the useful life of such filter bags in a plurality of parallel ducted baghouses, each of said baghouses having pulse means for selectively delivering bursts of compressed air to clean particulate matter from the filter bags, the method comprising the steps of:

a) measuring an impact pressure and a static pressure in a gas stream being discharged from each baghouse;

b) calculating a volumetric flow rate of said gas stream;

c) measuring a temperature of said gas stream and a density factor for said gas stream based on said measured temperature;

d) calculating an adjusted flow rate set point based upon said density factor;

e) comparing said volumetric flow rate and said adjusted set point;

f) activating the cleaning means when the volumetric flow rate is less than the adjusted set point;

g) deactivating the cleaning means when the volumetric flow rate is at least equal to the adjusted set point;

h) accumulating a total daily time said cleaning means is in an activated mode for each baghouse; and

i) predicting an end of the useful life of the filter bags in each baghouse when an accumulated daily cleaning time exceeds a predetermined level.

14. The method of claim 13 including the step of visually displaying the accumulated daily cleaning time for each baghouse in a graphical form for use in said predicting step.

15. The method of claim 14 including the step of averaging said accumulated daily cleaning times on a weekly basis for use in said visually displayed graph.