Biocompatible implant material comprising a tri-axial or more three-dimensional fabric

• US 5,711,960 A
• Filed: 05/24/1995
• Issued: 01/27/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 09/24/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Takiron Company Limited (Itochu Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Takiron Company Limited (Itochu Corporation)
• Inventors: Shikinami, Yasuo
• Primary Examiner(s): Azpuru, Carlos A.
• Application Number:
  US08/449,560
• Time in Patent Office: 979 Days
• Field of Search: 424/423, 424/425, 424/426, 428/36.1, 428/36.3
• US Class Current: 424/426
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/0063 Implantable repair or support meshes, e.g. hernia meshes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/0077 Special surfaces of prostheses, e.g. for improving ingrowth A61F2/30767 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/28 Bones joints A61F2/30
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30756 Cartilage endoprostheses A61F2/3603 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30767 Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30965 Reinforcing the prosthesis by embedding particles or fibres during moulding or dipping
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/0068 having a special mesh pattern
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30009 differing in fibre orientations
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30062 (bio)absorbable, biodegradable, bioerodable, (bio)resorbable, resorptive
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30199 Three-dimensional shapes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30261 parallelepipedal
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30909 Nets
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30914 Details of the mesh structure, e.g. disposition of the woven warp and weft wires
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30915 made of a stack of bonded perforated sheets, grids or wire meshes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3092 having an open-celled or open-pored structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2210/0004 bioabsorbable
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0063 Three-dimensional shapes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0082 parallelepipedal
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0028 differing in fibre orientations
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00592 Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00796 : Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. hydroxy(l)apatite
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/00 : Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses dental prostheses A61C13/00; shape or structure of prostheses A61F2/00; use of preparations for artificial teeth A61K6/80; artificial kidneys A61M1/14
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/50 : Materials characterised by their function or physical properties , e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/56 : Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/1362 : Textile, fabric, cloth, or pile containing [e.g., web, net, woven, knitted, mesh, nonwoven, matted, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/1369 : Fiber or fibers wound around each other or into a self-sustaining shape [e.g., yarn, braid, fibers shaped around a core, etc.]

Abstract

This invention provides an implant material which has high mechanical strength and durability in three-dimensional directions and a function to synchronize with deformation characteristics of surrounding biological tissues, is capable of being penetrated by biological tissues into its fabric space, and does not cause foreign body reaction or can positively connect with biological tissues, so that it can be implanted in the living body for a prolonged period of time. It uses, as a base material, a biocompatible bulk structure of a three-dimensionally woven or knitted fabric of organic fibers or a composite fabric thereof, and its void ratio in the fabric is preferably set to 20 to 90 vol %. More preferably, the surface of organic fibers which constitute the bulk structure is biologically activated or inactivated.

Claims

1. An implant material which comprises, as a base material, a biocompatible bulk structure of a tri-axial or more three-dimensionally woven fabric of organic fibers, a tri-axial or more three-dimensionally knitted fabric of organic fibers or a combination thereof.

2. The implant material according to claim 1, wherein a void ratio in the fabric of the bulk structure is in the range of from 20 to 90 vol %.

3. The implant material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic fibers which constitute the bulk structure are bioinert fibers or fibers having a surface coated with a bioinert polymer.

4. The implant material according to claim 1, wherein the organic fibers which constitute the bulk structure are bioactive or bioaffinitive fibers.

5. The implant material according to claim 1, wherein the organic fibers which constitute the bulk structure are biologically degradable and absorbable fibers.

6. The implant material according to claim 3, wherein the bulk structure has a surface that is biologically activated.

7. The implant material according to claim 6, wherein the bulk structure has a surface that is biologically activated by grafting it with a monomer or an oligomer having an organic phosphate group.

8. The implant material according to claim 6, wherein the bulk structure has a surface that is biologically activated by coating it with a biologically degradable and absorbable polymer containing a bioactive substance.

9. The implant material according to claim 6, wherein the bulk structure has a surface that is biologically activated by coating it with a polymer containing a bioactive substance and scraping off the surface of said polymer to expose the bioactive substance.

10. The implant material according to claim 8 or 9, wherein said bioactive substance is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of bioglass, ceravital, hydroxyapatite and AW glass ceramics.

11. The implant material according to claim 6, wherein the bulk structure has a surface that is biologically activated by immobilizing a natural biomaterial to the surface thereof.

12. The implant material according to claim 11, wherein said natural biomaterial is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of collagen, gelatin, fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, thrombomodulin, hydroxyapatite, urokinase and heparin.

13. The implant material according to claim 3, wherein the bulk structure has a surface that is biologically inactivated by immobilizing a highly hydrophilic hydrogel to the surface thereof.

14. The implant material according to claim 13, wherein said highly hydrophilic hydrogel is at least one gel selected from the group consisting of gelatin, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, alginic acid, agar, carrageenan, proteoglycan, hyaluronic acid, collagen, fibrin, casein, polyvinyl alcohol gels, polyethylene oxide gels and polyhydroxymethacrylic acid base gels.

15. The implant material according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a matrix of the same or different organic fibers is filled in a fabric space of the bulk structure.

16. The implant material according to claim 15, wherein the bulk structure is compression-molded.