Interference cancellation system for global positioning satellite receivers

• US 5,712,641 A
• Filed: 02/28/1996
• Issued: 01/27/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 02/28/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Electro-Radiation Incorporated
• Inventors: Silverman, George A., Rosen, Murray W., Casabona, Mario M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Blum, Theodore M.
• Application Number:
  US08/608,493
• Time in Patent Office: 699 Days
• Field of Search: 342/357, 342/362, 342/363, 342/364, 342/365, 342/366, 342/372, 342/373
• US Class Current: 342/362
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/21 Interference related issues ; Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/32 Multimode operation in a single same satellite system, e.g. GPS L1/L2
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/10 Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18513 Transmission in a satellite or space-based system

Abstract

An adaptive polarization cancellation arrangement which nulls out all types of concurrent interference signals received by a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver from antenna mainlobe and sidelobe situated sources. The orthogonally polarized components of the composite received signal are separated by the receive antenna arrangement and adjusted in the polarization feed adapter network between the antenna and GPS receiver to optimally cancel components. The antenna and installation arrangement creates a polarization filter relative to interference sources which changes their apparent polarization orientation and supports adaptive discrimination based on dissimilar polarization characteristics relative to the desired signals. The orthogonal received signal components from the GPS satellite constellation and from interference sources are combined to adaptively create cross-polarization nulls that adequately attenuate interference sources while slightly modifying the GPS received signals. The present network can also improve GPS signal levels and signal to noise ratio by polarization optimization or matching in noninterference environments.

Claims

1. A system for suppressing interference and jamming signals for a global positioning satellite system (GPS) receiver for receiving GPS transmissions in at least one of two L-band frequencies L1 and L2, the system comprising,

antenna means for receiving at least one of the GPS L1 and L2 signals and any inband interference or jamming signals and dividing the received signals into two orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components for each of the L1 and L2 frequencies;

polarimeter circuitry connected to said antenna means for receiving the orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components and for shifting the phase of the two orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components to obtain a polarimeter output signal wherein said polarimeter circuitry comprises,

a first variable phase shifting stage for receiving the two orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components and for shifting the phase of said orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components in accordance with first phase shift control signals from an adaptive phase control means,

a first hybrid junction for receiving the phase-shifted components from said first variable phase shifting stage and for combining the phase-shifted components to produce a pair of first hybrid junction output signals,

a second variable phase shifting stage for receiving said pair of first hybrid junction output signals and for shifting the phase of said pair of first hybrid junction output signals in accordance with second phase shift control signals from said adaptive phase control means, and

a second hybrid junction for receiving the phase-shifted components from said second variable phase shifting stage and for combining the phase-shifted components to obtain said polarimeter output signal;

adaptive phase control means connected with said first and second variable phase shifting stages for providing first and second phase shift control signals for repetitively adjusting the phase shifting in accordance with the polarimeter output signal until the polarimeter output signal is at a minimum representing at least one of the received L1 and L2 signals with any interference or jamming signals suppressed.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein said first variable phase shifting stage comprises a first pair of variable phase shifters, one of said first pair of phase shifters receiving one of the two orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components and the other of said first pair of phase shifters receiving the other of the two orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components, said first pair of phase shifters shifting the phase of said orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components in accordance with first phase shift control signals from said adaptive phase control means, and wherein said second variable phase shifting stage comprises

a second pair of variable phase shifters, one of said second pair of phase shifters receiving one of said pair of first hybrid junction output signals and the other of said second pair of phase shifters receiving the other of said pair of first hybrid junction output signals, said second pair of phase shifters shifting the phase of said pair of first hybrid junction output signals in accordance with second phase shift control signals from said adaptive phase control means.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein said second phase shift control signals from said adaptive phase control means controls said second phase shifting stage to result in the phase-shifted components of said second phase shifting stage having a 90-degree phase difference.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein said second hybrid junction combines the phase-shifted components of said second phase shifting stage so that they have a 180-degree phase difference, the combined resultant being the polarimeter output signal.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein said first phase shift control signals from said adaptive phase control means controls the first phase shifting stage to result in canceling any phase difference between the orthogonally polarized components.

6. The system of claim 5 wherein said first hybrid junction combines the phase-shifted components of said first phase shifting stage such that the difference in amplitudes of the pair of first hybrid junction output signals are at a minimum.

7. The system of claim 1 wherein said adaptive phase control means includes a microprocessor controller for (a) providing a range of phase shift control signals to each of said first and second phase shifting stages to set incremental phase shifts for said phase shifting stages, (b) monitoring and storing the polarimeter output signal for each of the incremental phase shift settings, (c) determining the phase shift settings that result in a minimum value of the polarimeter output signal, and (d) setting the phase shifting stages to the settings where said minimum value was determined.

8. A system for suppressing interference and jamming signals for a global positioning satellite system (GPS) receiver for receiving GPS transmissions in at least one of two L-band frequencies n1 and L2, the system comprising

antenna means for receiving at least one of the GPS L1 and L2 signals and any inband interference or jamming signals and dividing the received signals into two orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components for each of the L1 and L2 frequencies;

polarimeter circuitry connected to said antenna means for receiving the orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components and for shifting the phase of the two orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components to obtain a polarimeter output signal,

wherein said polarimeter circuitry comprises a first pair of phase shifters for receiving and phase shifting the orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components, a first 90-degree hybrid junction coupled to said first pair of phase shifters, a second pair of phase shifters for receiving and phase shifting the outputs of said first hybrid junction, a second 90-degree hybrid junction coupled to said second pair of phase shifters, wherein said polarimeter output signal is provided at a difference (A) port of said second hybrid junction;

adaptive phase control means connected with said first and second pair of phase shifters for repetitively adjusting the phase shifting in accordance with the polarimeter output signal until the polarimeter output signal is at a minimum representing at least one of the received n1 and L2 signals with any interference or jamming signals suppressed.

9. The system of claim 8, further comprising coupling means for providing the polarimeter output signal to said adaptive phase control means, said adaptive phase control means providing phase shift control signals to each of said first and second pair of phase shifters to shift the phase of the orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components until the polarimeter output signal is at a minimum.

10. The system of claim 8 wherein said adaptive phase control means (a) provides a range of phase shift control signals to each of said first and second pair of phase shifters to set incremental phase shifts for said phase shifters, (b) monitors and stores the polarimeter output signal for each of the incremental phase shift settings, (c) determines the phase shift settings that result in a minimum value of the polarimeter output signal, and (d) sets the phase shifters to the settings where said minimum value was determined.

11. A system for suppressing interference and jamming signals for a global positioning satellite system (GPS) receiver for receiving GPS transmissions in at least one of two L-band frequencies L1 and L2, the system comprising,

antenna means for receiving at least one of the GPS L1 and L2 signals and any inband interference or jamming signals and dividing the received signals into two orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components for each of the L1 and L2 frequencies, wherein said antenna means comprises a pair of patch antennas, each patch antenna a conductive portion of rectangular shape and having one length greater than its other length (D2), each patch antenna positioned in non-overlying adjacent relationship and oriented orthogonally with respect to each other such that said one length (D1) of one patch electrode is substantially perpendicular to said one length (D1) of said other patch electrode, each patch antenna having a pair of output leads, wherein each of the orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components of one of the L1 and L2 frequencies is provided on a first output lead from one of the patch antennas and a first output lead from the other patch antenna;

polarimeter circuitry connected to said antenna means for receiving the orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components and for shifting the phase of the antenna output signal components to obtain a polarimeter output signal;

adaptive phase control means connected with said polarimeter circuitry for repetitively adjusting the phase shifting of said polarimeter circuitry in accordance with the polarimeter output signal until the polarimeter output signal is at a minimum representing at least one of the received L1 and L2 signals with the interference or jamming signal suppressed.

12. The system of claim 11 wherein each of the orthogonally polarized antenna output signal components of the other of the L1 and L2 frequencies is provided on a second output lead of said one of the patch antennas and on a second output lead of said other patch antenna.

13. The system of claim 11 wherein each patch antenna conductive portion of rectangular shape is disposed upon a dielectric substrate over a conductive ground plane, wherein said one length (D1) is approximately one-half the signal wavelength for the L1 frequency in the material of the dielectric substrate and the other length (D2) is approximately one-half the signal wavelength for the L2 frequency in the material of the dielectric substrate.

14. The system of claim 13 wherein each patch antenna has a first output lead and a second output lead, said first output lead of said one patch antenna receiving the L1 frequency at a polarization P2 and the second output lead of said one patch antenna receiving the L2 frequency at an orthogonal polarization P1.

15. The system of claim 14 wherein the location of said first output lead on said one patch antenna is the intersection of the zero ohm impedance point at frequency L2 and 50 ohm impedance point at frequency L1, and the location of said second output lead on said one patch antenna is the intersection of the zero ohm impedance point at frequency L1 and the 50 ohm impedance point at frequency L2.