Microporous covered stents and method of coating

• US 5,713,949 A
• Filed: 08/06/1996
• Issued: 02/03/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 08/06/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Vascular Concepts Holdings Limited
• Original Assignee: Iowa-India Investments Company Limited
• Inventors: Jayaraman, Swaminathan
• Primary Examiner(s): Buiz, Michael
• Assistant Examiner(s): MULCARE, NANCY C
• Application Number:
  US08/689,290
• Time in Patent Office: 546 Days
• Field of Search: 606/191, 606/194, 623/1, 623/12
• US Class Current: 623/1.12
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/0077 Special surfaces of prostheses, e.g. for improving ingrowth A61F2/30767 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/07 Stent-grafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/91 made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/915 with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/95 Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/958 Inflatable balloons for placing stents or stent-grafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/072 Encapsulated stents, e.g. wire or whole stent embedded in lining
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/828 Means for connecting a plurality of stents allowing flexibility of the whole structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/91525 within the whole structure different bands showing different meander characteristics, e.g. frequency or amplitude
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/91533 characterised by the phase between adjacent bands
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/9155 Adjacent bands being connected to each other
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/91558 connected peak to peak
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2220/005 using adhesives
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2220/0075 sutured, ligatured or stitched, retained or tied with a rope, string, thread, wire or cable
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 31/002 Handling tubes, e.g. transferring between shaping stations, loading on mandrels
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 41/14 Dipping a core B29C41/10 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 41/20 incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. moulding inserts or for coating articles

Abstract

A coated microporous stent and method of coating are disclosed. The inventive stent consists of a tubular member made from a flat sheet assembled together in a tube with the ends of the sheet assembled together through a technique such as surface fusing. Preferably, the stent is made up of a plurality of spaced rows of slots with spaces between adjacent slots within a row staggered with respect to corresponding spaces on adjacent rows. In a first embodiment of a coated stent, a coating is attached to the stent only at a single area of line contact on the outer surface of the stent with the remainder of the coating being larger than the unexpanded stent, but being made of dimensions designed to snugly receive the outer surfaces of the stent when it is expanded within a blood vessel. In a second embodiment, the present invention also contemplates coating of a stent of the type known as a "self-expanding" stent that is programmed to self-expand at a particular temperature by either using the shape memory properties of the metal or by using the flexibility and elasticity of the metal. In this embodiment, prior to programming the formed stent, the stent is placed in a container of coating material and is coated. Thereafter, the stent is programmed in the desired manner and is subsequently physically compressed and kept inside a sheath. The stent is placed within the blood vessel still within the sheath, and the sheath is then removed, allowing the stent to expand to its desired configuration. Methods of making such coated stents are disclosed.

Claims

1. An expandable stent comprising:

a) a tubular body having first and second ends and a wall extending between said ends, said wall having a plurality of parallel rows of spaced longitudinal slots, adjacent slots being separated by solid wall portions, adjacent rows of slots having solid portions laterally staggered with respect to one another;

b) a coating surrounding an outer surface of said wall, said coating being attached to said outer surface at one peripheral location and being spaced from said outer surface at other peripheral locations when said stent is unexpanded;

c) said stent being expandable whereby said outer surface engages said coating substantially throughout said outer surface.

2. The stent of claim 1, wherein said peripheral location comprises an elongated line extending between said first and second ends.

3. The stent of claim 1, wherein some of said slots are open at at least one of said ends.

4. The stent of claim 1, wherein said coating is made of a polymeric material.

5. The stent of claim 4, wherein said polymeric material is microporous.

6. The stent of claim 1, wherein said coating is made of a biologic material taken from the group consisting of collagen and gelatin.

7. The stent of claim 1, further including a further stent laterally adjacent thereto, said stent and further stent being interconnected with a flexible connection.

8. The stent of claim 2, further including fastening sutures extending along said elongated line.