Multilayered gel electrolyte bonded rechargeable electrochemical cell and method of making same

• US 5,716,421 A
• Filed: 04/14/1997
• Issued: 02/10/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 04/14/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Amperex Technology Limited (TDK Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Oliver, Manuel, Venugopal, Ganesh, Howard, Jason N., Pendalwar, Shekhar L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Skapars, Anthony
• Application Number:
  US08/835,894
• Time in Patent Office: 302 Days
• Field of Search: 29/623.1, 29/623.2, 29/623.4, 29/623.5, 429/144, 429/190
• US Class Current: 29/623.2
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/05 Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte H01M10/39 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/058 Construction or manufacture
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/30 Nickel accumulators H01M10/34 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/345 Gastight metal hydride accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2200/10 Temperature sensitive devices
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0025 Organic electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/417 Polyolefins
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/426 Fluorocarbon polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/457 comprising three or more layers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/491 Porosity
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/10 with wound or folded electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/164 by the solvent
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/166 by the solute
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/4911 including sealing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49114 including adhesively bonding
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49115 including coating or impregnating

Abstract

An electrochemical cell 10 includes first and second electrodes 12 and 14 with an electrolyte system 26 disposed therebetween. The electrolyte system includes at least a multilayered first polymeric region 28, having second layers 30 and 32, of a second polymer material. The second layers may absorb an electrolyte active species and to adhere the adjacent layer of electrode material to the electrolyte 26. The electrolyte system further includes a process for packaging and curing the electrolyte after it has been incorporated into a discrete battery device.

Claims

1. A method of making a rechargeable electrochemical cell including first and second electrodes, and a porous separator element having first and second major sides, said method comprising the steps of:

providing said porous separator element as a first polymer region comprising a multilayered polymer region;

coating at least one of said electrodes or said separator element with a layer of a gelling polymer, which gelling polymer will, when exposed to an electrolyte active species and heat, bond said porous separator element to said electrodes;

disposing said first and second electrodes on opposite sides of said separator element;

introducing said electrolyte active species into at least said gelling polymer;

sealing said first and second electrodes and said separator element in a liquid and vapor impermeable package; and

heating said electrodes, separator and gelling polymer to a temperature sufficient to cause said gelling polymer to bond said electrodes to said separator element.

2. A method as in claim 1, wherein said coating step comprises the further step of coating each of said electrodes and said separator element.

3. A method as in claim 1, wherein said heating step comprises the further steps of heating said package to a temperature between 50°

C. and 150°

C.

4. A method as in claim 1, wherein the step of providing said porous separator element as a first polymer region as a multilayered polymer region, comprises the further step of providing said porous separator as a three layered structure.

5. A method as in claim 4, wherein the three layered structure comprises a first polymer layer sandwiched between layers of a second polymer.

6. A method as in claim 1, wherein said layers of said porous separator element are fabricated of materials selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluroethylene, polystyrene, polyethyleneterephthalate, ethylene propylene diene monomer, nylon, and combinations thereof.

7. A method as in claim 5, wherein said first polymer is poly ethylene, and is sandwiched between two layers of a second polymer, at least one of said layers being polypropylene.

8. A method as in claim 7, wherein both of said second layers are fabricated of polypropylene.

9. A method as in claim 1, wherein gelling polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyurethane, polyethylene oxide, polyacrylonitrile, polymethylacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinylacetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetraethylene glycol diacrylate, copolymers of any of the foregoing, and combinations thereof.

10. A method as in claim 1, wherein said electrolyte active species comprises an electrolyte salt dispersed in an organic solvent.

11. A method as in claim 10, wherein said organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropylcarbonate, dimethylsulfoxide, acetonitrile, dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and combinations thereof.

12. A method as in claim 10, wherein said electrolyte salt is selected from the group consisting of Cl^-, Br^-, I^-, ClO₄^-, BF₄^-, PF₆^-, ASF₆^-, SbF₆^-, CH₃ CO₂^-, CF₃ SO₃^-, N(CF₃ SO₂)₂^-, C(CF₃ SO₂)₂^- and combinations thereof.