Extracorporeal blood processing methods and apparatus

• US 5,720,716 A
• Filed: 06/07/1995
• Issued: 02/24/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Terumo BCT, Inc. (Terumo Corporation)
• Original Assignee: COBE Laboratories Incorporated (Terumo Corporation)
• Inventors: Dolecek, Victor D., Holmes, Brian M., Blakeslee, Jeffrey J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Weiss, John G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): O YONG, KI
• Application Number:
  US08/504,049
• Time in Patent Office: 993 Days
• Field of Search: 604/4-6, 494/37, 494/43, 494/35, 494/45, 494/46, 494/47, 494/66
• US Class Current: 604/4.01
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36222 Details related to the interface between cassette and machine
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36224 with sensing means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36225 with blood pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36226 Constructional details of cassettes, e.g. specific details on material or shape
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362262 Details of incorporated reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362263 Details of incorporated filters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362265 Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362266 Means for adding solutions or substances to the blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3624 Level detectors; Level control
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3639 Blood pressure control, pressure transducers specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3641 Pressure isolators
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3652 using gas, e.g. air
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3692 Washing or rinsing blood or blood constituents
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3693 using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3696 with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/123 with incorporated reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/125 with incorporated filters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/128 with incorporated valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/14 Detection of the presence or absence of a tube, a connector or a container in an apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3382 Upper level detectors
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3386 : Low level detectors
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/505 : Touch-screens; Virtual keyboard or keypads; Virtual buttons; Soft keys; Mouse touches
• CPC Class Codes: B04B 2005/045 : having annular separation channels
• CPC Class Codes: B04B 5/0442 : with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
• CPC Class Codes: B04B 9/08 : Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing for solid bowl screw centrifuges B04B1/2016; Couplings; Brakes

Abstract

An extracorporeal blood processing system is disclosed which includes a variety of novel components and which may be operated in accordance with a variety of novel methodologies. For instance, the system includes a graphical operator interface which directs the operator through various aspects of the apheresis procedure. Moreover, the system also includes a variety of features relating to loading a blood processing vessel into a blood processing channel and removing the same after completion of the procedure. Furthermore, the system also includes a variety of features relating to utilizing a blood priming of at least portions of the apheresis system in preparation for the procedure. In addition, the system includes a variety of features enhancing the performance of the apheresis system, including the interrelationship between the blood processing vessel and the blood processing vessel and the utilization of high packing factors for the procedure.

Claims

1. A blood processing channel assembly for an apheresis system comprising a blood component separation device, said channel assembly comprising:

a channel housing interconnectable with said blood component separation device; and

a blood processing channel associated with said channel housing comprising first and second laterally spaced sidewalls, a bottom wall extending between said first and second sidewalls, and an open end opposite said bottom wall, wherein for at least a portion of a length of said channel said channel comprises an upper lip formed on an upper section of said channel, said upper lip extending from one of said first and second sidewalls toward but spaced from an opposing portion of the other of said first and second sidewalls.

2. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

for at least a portion of said length of said channel at least one of said first and second sidewalls has a generally C-shaped configuration.

3. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

said channel extends curvilinearly about a rotational axis of said channel housing, wherein said first sidewall comprises an inner channel wall, wherein said second sidewall comprises an outer channel wall which is disposed further from said rotational axis than said inner channel wall, and wherein for said at least a portion of a curvilinear extent of said channel a substantial portion of one of said inner and outer channel walls is substantially planar and the other of said inner and outer channel walls has a generally C-shaped configuration.

4. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said channel extends curvilinearly about a rotational axis of said channel housing in a first direction, said channel further comprising:

a first cell separation stage, wherein blood is separated into a plurality of blood component types in said first cell separation stage;

a cell dam positioned along said first direction from said first stage; and

a second stage positioned along said first direction from said cell dam and extending from said cell dam to a plasma outlet region, said second stage further comprising a platelet outlet region.

5. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 4, wherein:

said at least a portion of said length of said channel comprises said first stage, said cell dam, and said platelet outlet region, and wherein said first and second sidewalls in said second stage from said platelet outlet region to said plasma outlet region are substantially vertical and planar surfaces.

6. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 4, wherein:

said at least a portion of said length of said channel comprises said first stage, wherein said first and second sidewalls in said second stage from said platelet outlet region to said plasma outlet region are substantially vertical and planar surfaces, and wherein a width of said channel throughout said second stage from said platelet outlet region to said plasma outlet region is less than a width of said channel throughout said first stage.

7. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

a disposable blood processing vessel positioned in said channel.

8. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 7, wherein:

substantially an entirety of a blood-containing volume of said blood processing vessel is disposed below said upper lip and when blood is contained in said processing vessel a width of said processing vessel is greater than a width of said channel at said upper lip.

9. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 7, wherein:

said disposable blood processing vessel is of a sufficient rigidity to be free-standing and to be loaded into said channel below said lip, and is yet of sufficient flexibility to substantially conform to a portion of said channel disposed below said lip when said blood processing vessel is pressurized.

10. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

said bottom wall of said channel comprises a notch.

11. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

said channel further comprises a mid section disposed vertically below said upper section and a lower section disposed vertically below said mid section, wherein a width of said mid section is greater than a width of each of said upper and lower sections.

12. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 11, further comprising:

a blood processing vessel positioned in said channel and comprising first and second vessel sidewalls, an upper seal connecting said first and second vessel sidewalls, and a lower seal connecting said first and second vessel sidewalls, said upper seal being contained within said upper section of said channel, said first and second vessel sidewalls being contained within said mid section of said channel, and said lower seal being contained in said lower section of said channel.

13. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 12, wherein:

said upper section of said channel supportably engages at least a portion of said upper seal of said blood processing vessel in said upper section and said lower section of said channel supportably engages at least a portion of said lower seal of said blood processing vessel.

14. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

said channel housing comprises an upper surface and a side surface, said side surface being disposed about a rotational axis of said channel housing, said channel being formed in said upper surface of said channel housing.

15. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

said channel assembly is a one-piece structure.

16. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

said first and second sidewalls and said bottom wall are in a constant fixed positional relationship to each other.

17. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

said bottom wall is fixedly interconnected with each of said first and second sidewalls.

18. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

said channel is configured whereby a blood processing vessel disposable in said channel is loaded into said channel through said open end of said channel and by being forced by said upper lip.

19. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

said channel assembly further comprises a rotational axis, said opposing portion of said other of said first and second sidewalls being along a radii which extends perpendicularly outwardly from said rotational axis and through said upper lip.

20. A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

said channel is generally concave and defines an open structure.

21. A blood processing channel assembly for an apheresis system comprising a blood component separation device, said channel assembly comprising:

a channel housing interconnectable with said blood component separation device;

a generally concave blood processing channel associated with said channel housing, wherein for at least a portion of a length of said channel said channel comprises an upper lip formed on an upper section of said channel; and

a disposable blood processing vessel positioned in said channel, wherein said disposable blood processing vessel is of a sufficient rigidity to be free-standing and to be loaded into said channel below said lip, and is yet of sufficient flexibility to substantially conform to a portion of said channel disposed below said lip when said blood processing vessel is pressurized.