Light modulating film of improved UV stability for a light valve

• US 5,728,251 A
• Filed: 09/27/1995
• Issued: 03/17/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 09/27/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Research Frontiers Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Research Frontiers Incorporated
• Inventors: Check, Joseph A. III
• Primary Examiner(s): Gallagher, John J.
• Application Number:
  US08/534,516
• Time in Patent Office: 902 Days
• Field of Search: 156/307.5, 156/182, 156/87, 359/253
• US Class Current: 156/307.5
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/172 based on a suspension of orientable dipolar particles, e.g. suspended particles displays

Abstract

An improved process for making a light valve includes cross-linking and curing an SPD light valve film carried by a substrate while the film is uncovered and then laminating a second substrate to the uncovered surface of the cured SPD light valve film.

Claims

1. A method of preparing an SPD light valve having opposed cell walls and an SPD light film between said cell walls, the SPD light valve film comprising a cross-linked polymer matrix having droplets of a liquid light valve suspension distributed in the cross-linked polymer matrix, the method comprising:

(a) casting on a first substrate a layer of a film-forming liquid or semi-solid emulsion comprising a cross-linkable polymer, a cross-linking agent, a catalyst and a liquid light valve suspension, said liquid light valve suspension comprising particles suspended in a liquid suspending medium, said layer having a first surface in contact with said first substrate and an uncovered, opposed second surface;

(b) cross-linking and curing said cross-linkable polymer in said layer by reaction with said cross-linking agent in the presence of said catalyst while said second surface of said layer remains uncovered to form a cured SPD light valve film comprising a cross-linked polymer matrix having droplets of the liquid light valve suspension distributed therethrough, said cured SPD film having one surface in contact with said first substrate, and an uncovered, opposed second surface, said cured SPD film being unswollen by any swelling liquid;

(c) covering said uncovered surface of said cured and unswollen SPD light valve film with a second substrate;

(d) laminating said substrates to said SPD light valve film; and

(e) providing each of said substrates with an electrode before or after said lamination step.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said uncovered emulsion layer is allowed to remain uncovered at room temperature until said cross-linkable polymer is cross-linked and cured.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said uncovered emulsion layer is exposed to the atmosphere or is under vacuum or is in a laminar flow hood during said cross-linking and curing step.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said uncovered emulsion layer is allowed to remain uncovered at elevated temperature until said cross-linkable polymer is cross-linked and cured.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein said uncovered emulsion layer is exposed to the atmosphere or is under vacuum or is in a laminar flow hood during said cross-linking and curing step.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said cross-linkable polymer is a cross-linkable polyorganosiloxane.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein said cross-linkable polymer is a cross-linkable polybutadiene, polystyrene, poly(cyclopropene), polyamide, polyolefin, silicone gum, polyacrylamide, polyester, polyether or polyurethane.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein said cross-linkable polymer has a main chain that is insoluble in said liquid suspending medium and pendant polymeric groups that are soluble in said liquid suspending medium.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein said main chain comprises a polybutadiene, polystyrene, poly(cyclopropene), polyamide, polyolefin, silicone gum, polyacrylamide, polyester, polyether or polyurethane.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein said pendant polymeric groups are selected from the group consisting of polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyethers, polymethylstyrenes, alkyd resins, polyamides, polyurethanes, polycarbonates and epoxy resins.

11. The method according to claim 8, wherein said main chain comprises a polyorganosiloxane.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein said pendant polymeric groups are polyacrylates and/or polymethacrylates.

13. The method according to claim 6, wherein said cross-linkable polyorganosiloxane polymer contains aromatic groups.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein said cross-linkable polyorganosiloxane polymer is a cross-linkable copolymer derived from an alkylsiloxane and a diphenylsiloxane and/or a phenylalkylsiloxane or is a cross-linkable silphenylene-alkylsiloxane cross-linkable copolymer.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein said liquid light valve suspension comprises particles suspended in a liquid suspending medium comprising in whole or in part a liquid polymeric stabilizer that is effective to prevent agglomeration of said particles.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein said liquid polymeric stabilizer comprises polymerized units of alkyl(meth)acrylates and/or fluorinated alkyl(meth)acrylates.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein said liquid polymeric stabilizer comprises polymerized units of an unsaturated acid, ester or anhydride.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein said liquid polymeric stabilizer comprises a copolymer derived from an alkyl(meth)acrylate, a fluorinated alkyl(meth)acrylate and an unsaturated acid, ester or anhydride thereof.

19. The method according to claim 15, wherein said cross-linkable polymer is a cross-linkable polyorganosiloxane polymer having a main chain comprising a dimethylsiloxane-phenylmethylsiloxane copolymer or a dimethylsiloxane-silphenylene copolymer, said main chain having pendant poly(fluorinated alkyl(meth)acrylate) groups and said liquid polymeric stabilizer comprises a copolymer derived from an alkyl(meth) acrylate, a fluorinated alkyl(meth) acrylate and an unsaturated acid, ester or anhydride thereof.

20. The method to claim 1, wherein said particles are organic, light-polarizing particles.