Surface acoustic wave device, equipment including the same with electric circuit connected thereto and measuring method of parameters thereof

• US 5,729,076 A
• Filed: 05/30/1995
• Issued: 03/17/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 09/09/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Maxell Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Shiba, Takashi, Itoh, Katsumi, Yamada, Yoshihiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Dougherty, Thomas M.
• Application Number:
  US08/452,704
• Time in Patent Office: 1,022 Days
• Field of Search: 333/193-196, 333/150-155, 310/313 R, 310/313 B, 310/313 C, 310/313 D, 310/316, 310/317
• US Class Current: 310/313.00R
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 29/22 Measuring piezoelectric properties
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 9/02755 Meandering floating or grounded grating lines
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 9/0285 of triple transit echo
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 9/14505 Unidirectional SAW transducers
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 9/14508 Polyphase SAW transducers
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 9/14597 Matching SAW transducers to external electrical circuits

Abstract

A surface acoustic wave device having a novel structure capable of restricting TTE and ripple noise on a frequency characteristics and group delay time characteristics thereof is provided under a condition by which acoustic reflection is suppressed when there is internal dissipation in the device and/or a peripheral circuit thereof. When the device includes a unidirectional interdigital transducer, it is possible to restrict ripple of the frequency characteristics and the group delay time characteristics and to reduce loss without using a phase shifter. By using the surface acoustic wave device according to the present invention, a communication apparatus can be improved in performance.

Claims

1. A surface acoustic wave device combined with an electric circuit connected thereto, said surface acoustic wave device comprising a surface acoustic wave substrate and at least two interdigital transducers formed on said surface acoustic wave substrate, at least one of said interdigital transducers and/or said electric circuit having an internal dissipation of input signal energy, wherein said at least one interdigital transducer includes electrode means which together with said electric circuit, connected thereto, satisfies the following equation pertaining to mechanical reflection:

##EQU12## where (α

) is a matrix resulting from a multiplication of a scattering matrix (S) with a complex conjugate matrix (S^*) thereof when a unidirectional interdigital transducer is represented by an equivalent circuit of said at least one interdigital transducer combined with said electric circuit connected thereto, which has a first, forward acoustic terminal, a second, backward acoustic terminal and a third, electric terminal, κ

=(|S₂₃ |² /|S₁₃ |²) is a directionality coefficient, θ

₁ is arg(S₁₃² S₃₃^* S₁₁^*), θ

₂ is arg(α

₁₃^* S₃₃ S₁₃^*), θ

₃ is arg(α

₁₃^* S₁₃ S₁₁^*), μ

is α

₁₃ /|S₁₃ | and Γ

=|S₃₃ | is indicative of electric reflection.

3. The surface acoustic wave device combined with the electric circuit connected thereto, claimed in claim 1, wherein a total reflection over said interdigital transducers due to a difference in characteristic impedances with respect to a surface acoustic wave between portions of said surface acoustic wave substrate on which said interdigital transducers are formed and other portions of said surface acoustic wave substrate on which there is no interdigital transducer formed is substantially zero in the vicinity of a main response frequency, said total reflection being made substantially zero by setting a width of at least one of electrode fingers of a pair of interdigital electrodes of at least one of said interdigital transducers to λ

/8 and setting a space between said at least one electrode finger associated with one of the pair of interdigital electrodes and one of electrode fingers of the other one of the pair of interdigital electrodes to λ

/8, where λ

is a wavelength of the surface acoustic wave at a center frequency of said surface acoustic wave device combined with said electric circuit.

2. A surface acoustic wave device combined with an electric circuit connected thereto, said surface acoustic wave device comprising a surface acoustic wave substrate and at least two interdigital transducers formed on said surface acoustic wave substrate, at least one of said interdigital transducers and/or said electric circuit having an internal dissipation of input signal energy, wherein said at least one interdigital transducer includes electrode means which together with said electric circuit, connected thereto, satisfies the following equation pertaining to acoustic reflection:

##EQU13## where (α

) is a matrix resulting from a multiplication of a scattering matrix (S) with a complex conjugate matrix (S^*) thereof when a unidirectional interdigital transducer is represented by an equivalent circuit of said at least one interdigital transducer combined with said electric circuit, which has a first, forward acoustic terminal, a second, backward acoustic terminal and a third, electric terminal, one of said first and second terminals being selected such that elements of the scattering matrix (S) become real numbers, κ

=(|S₂₃ |² /|S₁₃ |²)=(S₂₃² /S₁₃²) is a directionality coefficient, μ

is α

₁₃ /|S₁₃ | and γ

=S₃₃ is indicative of electric reflection.

4. A surface acoustic wave device combined with an electric circuit connected thereto, said surface acoustic wave device comprising a surface acoustic wave substrate and at least two interdigital transducers formed on said surface acoustic wave substrate, at least one of said interdigital transducers and/or said electric circuit having an internal dissipation of input signal energy, wherein said surface acoustic wave device includes electrode means such that when combined with said electric circuit satisfies the following equation pertaining to acoustic reflection:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">|{ (κ

-1)/(κ

+1)!(b+g)+1}/(1+b+g)≦

1/3

where (S) is a scattering matrix when a unidirectional electrode is represented by an equivalent circuit of said at least one interdigital transducer combined with said electric circuit connected thereto, which has a first, forward acoustic terminal, a second, backward acoustic terminal and a pair of third, electric terminals, (S^*) is a complex conjugate matrix thereof, κ

=(|S₂₃ |² /|S₁₃ |²)=(S₂₃² /S₁₃²) is a directionality coefficient, Ga is radiation conductance of an interdigital reed electrode as viewed from the electric terminals, Gl is conductance on the side of an applied power source or load, gu is a conductance component connected as a parallel element across the electric terminals and represents the internal dissipation, g=gu/Ga and b=Gl/Ga.

5. A surface acoustic wave device combined with an electric circuit connected thereto, said surface acoustic wave device comprising a surface acoustic wave substrate and at least two interdigital transducers formed on said surface acoustic wave substrate, at least one of said interdigital transducers and/or said electric circuit having an internal dissipation of input signal energy, wherein said surface acoustic wave device includes electrode means such that when combined with said electric circuit satisfies the following equation pertaining to acoustic reflection:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">|{ (κ

-1)/(κ

+1)!+(1/b)+r}/ 1+(1/b)+r!|≦

1/3

where (S) is a scattering matrix when a unidirectional electrode is represented by an equivalent circuit of said at least one interdigital transducer combined with said electric circuit connected thereto, which has a first, forward acoustic terminal, a second, backward acoustic terminal and a pair of third, electric terminals, (S^*) is a complex conjugate matrix thereof, κ

=(|S₂₃ |²)/|S₁₃ |²)=(S₂₃² /S₁₃²) is a directionality coefficient, Ga is radiation conductance of said interdigital transducer as viewed from the electric terminals, Gl is conductance on the side of an applied power source or load, ru is a resistive component connected as a series element between one of the electric terminals and said forward acoustic terminal and represents the internal dissipation, r=ru×

Ga, and b=Gl/Ga.

6. A surface acoustic wave device combined with an electric circuit connected thereto, said surface acoustic wave device comprising a surface acoustic wave substrate and at least two interdigital transducers formed on said surface acoustic wave substrate and being combined with said electric circuit to form a unidirectional interdigital transducer, at least one of said interdigital transducers and/or said electric circuit having an internal dissipation of input signal energy, wherein an element α

₃₃ is defined by the following equation;

##EQU14## where α

₃₃ is an element of (α

), which is related to an electric terminal and represents a coefficient of internal dissipation, (α

) being a matrix resulting from multiplication of a scattering matrix (S) with a complex conjugate matrix (S^*) thereof when the unidirectional interdigital transducer is represented by an equivalent circuit including a first, forward acoustic terminal, a second, backward acoustic terminal and a third, said electric terminal.