Coherent GPS translator with spread spectrum pilot tone

• US 5,729,235 A
• Filed: 12/13/1995
• Issued: 03/17/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 12/13/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Northrop Grumman Corporation
• Inventors: Rozak, Robert, Guthrie, Warren E., Szmurlo, Thomas E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PHAN, DAO LINDA
• Application Number:
  US08/571,815
• Time in Patent Office: 825 Days
• Field of Search: 342/352, 342/357, 455/12.1, 375/200
• US Class Current: 342/357.48
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/09 providing processing capability normally carried out by the receiver

Abstract

A translator for translating GPS signals received at one location to a different frequency for ground transmission to another location uses a spread spectrum pilot tone for phase-locking the local oscillator of the ground transmitter to that of the ground receiver, thereby increasing security, enabling use of otherwise unavailable frequency spectra, allowing coherence of pilot tone and GPS signal with small coherence bandwidths, and allowing interference-free transmission of the translated GPS signal and pilot tone with the same center frequency.

Claims

1. A translator for translating Global Positioning System (GPS) signals received by a platform for retransmission to a base station, comprising:

a) apparatus adapted to receive a raw GPS signal, said raw GPS signal being a spread spectrum signal with a first center frequency;

b) translating circuitry arranged to translate said raw GPS signal into a translated GPS signal with a different center frequency, said translating circuitry including a local oscillator whose output, when mixed with said raw GPS signal, produces said translated GPS signal;

c) a pilot tone generator connected to said translating circuitry and arranged to generate a pilot tone phase-locked to said local oscillator output;

d) modulating circuitry operatively connected to said pilot tone generator and arranged to phase modulate said pilot tone in a predetermined pattern to produce a spread spectrum pilot tone; and

e) a transmitter associated with said platform and arranged to transmit said translated GPS signal and said spread spectrum pilot tone.

2. The translator of claim 1, in which the center frequency of said spread spectrum pilot tone is substantially the same as the center frequency of said translated GPS signal.

3. The translator of claim 1, in which said translating circuitry includes:

i) a reference oscillator which also serves as said pilot tone generator;

ii) a phase lock loop circuit connected to said reference oscillator and arranged to produce an intermediate frequency signal phase-locked to said reference oscillator; and

iii) a mixer connected to said receiving apparatus and said phase lock loop to produce said translated GPS signal.

4. The translator of claim 3, in which said intermediate frequency is such that the center frequency of said translated GPS signal is substantially the same as the frequency of said reference oscillator.

5. The translator of claim 1, in which said predetermined pattern is so chosen that the spreading sequence of said spread spectrum pilot tone is at any given time substantially different from the spreading sequence of said translated GPS signal at that time.

6. A Global Positioning System (GPS) signal translation apparatus, comprising:

a) a base station in a known first location;

b) at least one platform in a second location unknown to said base station;

c) a translator at said platform including;

i) apparatus for receiving a raw GPS signal usable for identifying said second location, said raw GPS signal being a spread spectrum signal with a first center frequency;

ii) translating circuitry arranged to translate said raw GPS signal into a translated GPS signal with a different center frequency, said translating circuitry including a local oscillator whose output, when mixed with said raw GPS signal, produces said translated GPS signal;

iii) a pilot tone generator connected to said translating circuitry and arranged to generate a pilot tone phase-locked to said local oscillator output;

iv) modulating circuitry operatively connected to said pilot tone generator and arranged to phase shift said pilot tone in a predetermined pattern to produce a spread spectrum pilot tone; and

d) a transmitter associated with said second location and arranged to transmit said translated GPS signal and said spread spectrum pilot tone.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:

e) a receiver at said base station arranged to receive said translated GPS signal and spread spectrum pilot tone;

f) a re-translator at said base station including;

i) a splitter operatively connected to said base station receiver;

ii) a demodulator operatively connected to said splitter and arranged to reconvert said spread spectrum pilot tone to a single-frequency pilot tone of the same frequency and phase as said phase-locked pilot tone;

iii) a local oscillator phase-locked to said demodulator and arranged to produce a signal substantially identical in frequency and phase to said local oscillator output at said platform; and

iv) re-translating circuitry operatively connected to said demodulator and splitter arranged to combine said translated GPS signal and the output of said phase-locked local oscillator so as to reproduce said raw GPS signal; and

g) apparatus at said base station arranged to compute said second location on the basis of said raw GPS signal.

8. A method for translating Global Positioning System (GPS) signals received by a platform for transmission to a base station, said method comprising the steps of:

a) receiving a raw GPS signal, said raw GPS signal being a spread spectrum signal with a first center frequency;

b) translating said raw GPS signal into a translated GPS signal with a different center frequency, said translating circuitry including a local oscillator whose output, when mixed with said raw GPS signal, produces said translated GPS signal;

c) generating a pilot tone phase-locked to said local oscillator output;

d) changing the phase of said pilot tone in a predetermined pattern to produce a spread spectrum pilot tone; and

e) transmitting said translated GPS signal and said spread spectrum pilot tone.

9. The method of claim 8, in which the center frequency of said spread spectrum pilot tone and said translated GPS signal are substantially the same.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising the steps of:

f) receiving said translated GPS signal and said spread spectrum pilot tone at said base station;

g) separating said spread spectrum pilot tone from said translated GPS signal;

h) recovering from said spread spectrum pilot tone a pilot tone of the same frequency and phase as said phase-locked pilot tone

i) providing a local oscillator at said base station phase-locked to said recovered pilot tone; and

j) combining the output of said base station local oscillator with said translated GPS signal to produce at said base station a raw GPS signal indicative of the position of said platform.