Interference mitigation method and apparatus for multiple collocated transceivers

• US 5,729,829 A
• Filed: 02/29/1996
• Issued: 03/17/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 02/29/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Exelis Incorporated (L3Harris Technologies, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: American Nucleonics Corp. (Eaton Corporation PLC.)
• Inventors: Fitzgerald, Barry Francis, Talwar, Ashok Kumar
• Primary Examiner(s): VO, NGUYEN THANH
• Application Number:
  US08/609,042
• Time in Patent Office: 747 Days
• Field of Search: 455/63, 455/67.1, 455/67.3, 455/73, 455/82, 455/83, 455/103, 455/132-135, 455/295-296, 455/303, 455/306, 455/307, 333/101, 333/126, 333/129, 333/132
• US Class Current: 455/63.1
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/04 Circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/126 having multiple inputs, e.g. auxiliary antenna for receiving interfering signal aerials in general H01Q
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/525 with means for reducing leakage of transmitter signal into the receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/005 Control of transmission; Equalising

Abstract

An apparatus and method for mitigating interference between multiple collocated radio transceivers operating through a common antenna. In a preferred form, the apparatus includes a filter bank containing bandpass filters corresponding to a number of desired operating frequency bands. Each transceiver can be selectively electrically interconnected with the common antenna through an appropriate filter. The filters attenuate out-of-band interference. An adaptive cancellation device is also provided to compare samples of the transmitted and received signals and produce an interference cancellation signal that is substantially equal in amplitude and 180° out of phase with the coherent portions of the compared transmitted and received signals.

Claims

1. Apparatus for mitigating interference between a plurality of collocated radio transceivers operating through a common antenna, at least some of said transceivers having both a transmit mode and a receive mode, said apparatus comprising:

(a) a filter bank having a plurality of filters, said filter bank being electrically coupled to said common antenna, each of said plurality of filters corresponding to one of a plurality of desired operating frequency bands;

(b) a switch matrix having a plurality of first ports electrically connected to said plurality of filters and a plurality of second ports corresponding to said plurality of transceivers, each of said plurality of second ports being capable of selective electrical interconnection with each of said plurality of first ports, whereby at least one of said plurality of second ports may be electrically interconnected with said common antenna through at least one of said plurality of filters of said filter bank, for at least one of transmission and reception in the desired frequency band to which said filter corresponds;

(c) a plurality of transmission path pairs for selective electrical interconnection of said plurality of transceivers and said plurality of corresponding second ports, at least one of said plurality of transmission path pairs including a transmitted signal transmission line and a received signal transmission path, each of said transceivers being connected to its corresponding switch matrix second port through said transmitted signal transmission line when in transmit mode and through said received signal transmission path when in receive mode; and

(d) a cancellation device, said cancellation device being electrically coupled to each of said transmitted signal transmission lines of said plurality of transmission path pairs for receipt of a transmitted signal sample from each of said plurality of transceivers that is operating in said transmit mode, said cancellation device being electrically coupled to said received signal transmission paths of said plurality of transmission path pairs for both receipt of a received signal sample and injection of an interference cancellation signal, said received signal sample having an interference portion and a non-interference portion, said cancellation device being responsive to said transmitted signal samples and said received signal sample and generating in response thereto said interference cancellation signal, said interference cancellation signal having substantially the same frequency and amplitude as said interference portion of said received signal sample, said interference cancellation signal being substantially 180°

out-of-phase with said interference portion of said received signal sample.

2. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein:

said plurality of collocated radio transceivers includes N of said transceivers, said plurality of second ports of said switch matrix includes N of said ports, and said plurality of transmission path pairs includes N of said transmission path pairs, N being an integer greater than 1;

said plurality of filters includes M of said filters, said plurality of desired operating frequency bands includes M of said bands, and said plurality of first ports of said switch matrix includes M of said ports, M being an integer greater than 1;

each of said N transceivers has both a transmit mode and a receive mode;

any given one of said N second ports of said switch matrix may be selectively interconnected with said common antenna through any given one of said M filters of said filter bank; and

each of said N transmission path pairs includes both a transmitted signal transmission line and a received signal transmission path.

3. Apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein each of said received signal transmission paths of said N transmission path pairs includes first and second transmission line segments having first and second ends, said first ends of said first segments being selectively electrically interconnected with said N second ports of said switch matrix, said second ends of said second segments being selectively electrically interconnected with said transceivers, and further comprising:

a main power combiner having N input ports and an output port, said input ports of said main power combiner being selectively electrically interconnected with said second ends of said first segments for combination of received signals carried in said received signal transmission paths into a combined signal, said received signals having passed through those of said M filters corresponding to those of said M desired operating frequency bands in which those of said N transceivers that are operating in said receive mode are operating;

an error correction transmission line from which said cancellation device receives said received signal sample and into which said cancellation device injects said interference cancellation signal, said error correction transmission line having a first end electrically interconnected with said output port of said main power combiner and also having a second end; and

a main power splitter having an input port electrically interconnected to said second end of said error correction transmission line and also having N output ports, said N output ports being selectively electrically interconnected with said first ends of said second segments;

whereby said received signal transmission paths extend through said first transmission line segments, said main power combiner, said error correction transmission line, said main power splitter, and said second transmission line segments, for said combination of said received signals, for sampling and interference cancellation of said combined signal, and for splitting and distributing of said combined signal to each of said N transceivers that is operating in said receive mode.

4. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein said received signal sample is received from said error correction transmission line by said cancellation device after said cancellation device has injected said interference cancellation signal into said error correction transmission line, thereby providing adaptive interference cancellation.

5. Apparatus as defined in claim 4, further comprising a low noise amplifier electrically connected between said second end of said error correction transmission line and said input port of said main power splitter to amplify said combined signal to make up for at least a portion of losses between said common antenna and said main power splitter.

6. Apparatus as defined in claim 5, wherein said cancellation device includes:

N cancellation loops corresponding to each of said transmitted signal transmission lines of said N transmission path pairs, each of said loops having a transmitted signal sample input port electrically interconnected to said corresponding one of said transmitted signal transmission lines of said N transmission path pairs, a received signal sample input port, and an interference cancellation signal output port;

an error sampling power splitter having an input port and N output ports electrically interconnected to one each of said received signal sample input ports of said N cancellation loops;

an error coupler connected between said input port of said error sampling power splitter and said error correction transmission line for tapping said received signal sample;

an interference cancellation signal power combiner having N input ports and an output port, said N input ports of said interference cancellation signal power combiner being electrically interconnected with one each of said interference cancellation signal output ports of said N cancellation loops to produce a combined interference cancellation signal; and

a summing coupler connected between said output port of said interference cancellation signal power combiner and said error correction transmission line for injecting said combined interference cancellation signal.

7. Apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein each of said N cancellation loops includes:

a phase detector having first and second input ports and I and Q output ports, said first input port of said phase detector being electrically interconnected with said transmitted signal sample input port for input of said transmitted signal sample, said second input port of said phase detector being electrically interconnected with a corresponding one of said N output ports of said error sampling power splitter, said phase detector comparing said transmitted signal sample and said received signal sample, said phase detector detecting in-phase components of said transmitted signal sample and said received signal sample and supplying to said I and Q output ports respectively I and Q components of said in-phase components;

I and Q loop amplifiers each having input and output ports, said input ports of said I and Q loop amplifiers being electrically interconnected respectively with said I and Q output ports of said phase detector, said I and Q loop amplifiers amplifying respectively said I and Q components of said in-phase components from said phase detector;

a vector modulator having a first input port, an I input port, a Q input port, and an output port, said first input port of said vector modulator being electrically interconnected with said transmitted signal sample input port for input of said transmitted signal sample, said I and Q input ports being electrically interconnected with said output ports of said I and Q loop amplifiers respectively, said output port of said vector modulator being electrically interconnected with a corresponding one of said N input ports of said interference cancellation signal power combiner, said vector modulator shifting said phase of said interference cancellation signal to be substantially 180°

out-of-phase with said interference portion of said received signal sample.

8. Apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein said M filters of said filter bank are electrically connected in a stacked arrangement between said common antenna and said M first ports of said switch matrix.

9. Apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein:

said M filters of said filter bank are sub-divided into odd and even filter banks;

said M operating frequency bands and filters are numbered consecutively from 1 to M;

said odd filter bank contains those of said M filters that are odd-numbered; and

said even numbered bank contains those of said M filters that are even-numbered;

further comprising a circulator, said circulator having an input port and first and second output ports, said input port of said circulator being electrically interconnected to said common antenna, said first output port of said circulator being electrically interconnected with a first one of said odd and even filter banks, said second output port of said circulator being electrically connected to a second one of said odd and even filter banks, whereby received signals input from said common antenna matching the frequency bands in said first one of said odd and even filter banks are transmitted thereby and received signals not matching the frequency bands in said first one of said odd and even filter banks are reflected and routed to said second output port for transmission through said filters of said second of said odd and even filter banks.

10. Apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein:

said M filters of said filter bank are sub-divided into odd and even filter banks;

said M operating frequency bands and filters are numbered consecutively from 1 to M;

said odd filter bank contains those of said M filters that are odd-numbered; and

said even numbered bank contains those of said M filters that are even-numbered;

further comprising a filter bank power splitter, said filter bank power splitter having an input port and first and second output ports, said input port of said filter bank power splitter being electrically interconnected to said common antenna, said first output port of said filter bank power splitter being electrically interconnected to a first one of said odd and even filter banks, said second output port of said filter bank power splitter being electrically interconnected to a second one of said odd and even filter banks, whereby received signals input from said common antenna are routed to those of said filters having matching frequency bands with reflection of non-matching signals.

11. Apparatus for mitigating interference between N collocated radio transceivers operating through a common antenna, each of said transceivers having a transmit mode and a receive mode, said apparatus comprising:

(a) a filter bank having a group of N tunable bandpass filters, each of said filters corresponding to one of said N transceivers, each of said filters being tuned to a desired operating frequency of its corresponding transceiver, each of said filters having a first port electrically coupled to said common antenna and having a second port;

(b) a group of N transmission path pairs for selective electrical interconnection of said N transceivers and said second ports of said corresponding filters, each of said N transmission path pairs including a transmitted signal transmission line and a received signal transmission path, each of said transceivers being connected to the second port of its corresponding bandpass filter through said transmitted signal transmission line when in said transmit mode and through said received signal transmission path when in said receive mode; and

(c) a cancellation device, said cancellation device being electrically coupled to each of said transmitted signal transmission lines of said N transmission path pairs for receipt of a transmitted signal sample from each of said N transceivers that is operating in said transmit mode, said cancellation device being electrically coupled to said received signal transmission paths of said N transmission path pairs for both receipt of a received signal sample and injection of an interference cancellation signal, said received signal sample having an interference portion and a non-interference portion, said cancellation device being electrically configured to compare said transmitted signal samples with said received signal sample to produce said interference cancellation signal, said interference cancellation signal having substantially the same frequency and amplitude as said interference portion of said received signal sample, said interference cancellation signal being substantially 180°

out-of-phase with said interference portion of said received signal sample.

12. A method for mitigating interference between N collocated radio transceivers operating through a common antenna, each of said transceivers having a transmit mode and a receive mode and having an associated frequency band, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) sampling a main output signal of each of those said N transceivers operating in transmit mode to provide sampled output signals;

(b) filtering each of said main output signals through a filter corresponding to the associated frequency band of the transceiver producing each one of said main output signals to substantially prevent subsequent transmission of out-of-band interference, said filtering step being performed after said sampling step (a);

(c) transmitting said main output signals through said common antenna after said step of filtering said main output signals;

(d) filtering a main received signal through a filter bank having a filter set to receive in each of said associated frequency bands of those of said N transceivers operating in receive mode, said main received signal having an interference portion and a non-interference portion, the number of those of said N transceivers operating in receive mode being designated as X, said filtering of said main received signal filtering out substantially all out-of-band interference from said main received signal;

(e) sampling said main received signal to provide a sampled received signal;

(f) comparing said sampled output signals and said sampled received signal in a cancellation device and generating an error correction signal which is substantially identical to but is 180°

out of phase with said interference portion of said main received signal;

(g) combining said main received signal and said error correction signal to produce an error-corrected received signal that is substantially free of interference; and

(h) dividing said received signal X ways for distribution to said X transceivers operating in receive mode.