Toilet-bowl-mounted urinalysis unit

• US 5,730,149 A
• Filed: 11/03/1995
• Issued: 03/24/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toto Limited
• Original Assignee: Toto Limited
• Inventors: Fukuda, Yukihiro, Sato, Naoki, Tsuboi, Hiroshi, Shinohara, Kuniaki, Koguro, Toshio, Matsuno, Takanori, Nakayama, Chiaki
• Primary Examiner(s): HINDENBURG, MAX F
• Application Number:
  US08/507,420
• Time in Patent Office: 872 Days
• Field of Search: 128/760, 128/771, 4/314, 4/661, 73/864.81-864.85
• US Class Current: 600/573
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/007 for taking urine samples measuring urological functions A61B5/20; genital receptacles A61F5/451; urinals for bed-ridden persons A61G9/006
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 1/12 Dippers; Dredgers
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/493 urine
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/1095 for supplying the samples to flow-through analysers for a specific analyser see relevant groups, e.g. under G01N15/00, G01N21/00, G01N27/00, G01N30/00, H01J49/00

Abstract

A toilet bowl-mounted urinalysis unit (14) adapted to be readily mounted to a standard water closet bowl fixture (12) for sampling and analysis of urine at a toilet. The unit (14) includes a substantially self-contained housing (22) which is designed to be mounted on the upper surface of the standard bowl fixture (12) between the bowl (16) and the flushing water supply section (18). Hinged to the housing (22) is a toilet seat (24) to which is mounted a urine sampling device (26) designed such that urine excreted into the bowl (16) is sampled in mid-air within the inner space of the bowl. The housing (22) receives a urinalysis device (50) with a polarographic flow cell and a syringe pump (52) for transferring a urine sample to the flow cell together with a carrier liquid. The polarographic flow cell has a working electrode supporting an enzyme. In one embodiment, a reservoir for the carrier liquid is received within the housing (22). In another embodiment, the carrier liquid reservoir (402) is mounted to a toilet lid. A method for reforming a toilet equipped with a standard bowl fixture (12) into a toilet equipped with a urinalysis function is also provided wherein a prefabricated toilet seat assembly (28) having the urine sampling device (26) incorporated in advance into the toilet seat (24) is used.

Claims

1. A toilet bowl-mounted urinalysis unit for sampling and analysis of urine at a toilet equipped with a standard water closet bowl fixture having a bowl and a flushing water supply section located rearwardly of the bowl, said urinalysis unit comprising:

a housing designed to be mounted in use on the upper surface of said standard bowl fixture between said bowl and said flushing water supply section thereof;

a toilet seat hinged to said housing for swinging movement between a horizontal operative position in which said seat rests upon said bowl fixture and an upright inoperative position;

a urine sampling device, including a movable urine sampling vessel, mounted to said toilet seat for swinging movement conjointly therewith for sampling, in mid-air within the inner space of said bowl, a quantity of urine excreted into said bowl;

a urinalysis device arranged in said housing;

fluid transfer means, including a fluid pump arranged in said housing, for transferring urine sample from said sampling vessel to said urinalysis device;

output means for outputting the results of urinalysis by said urinalysis device; and

,

control means for controlling said urine sampling device, said fluid transfer means, said urinalysis device and said output means in such a manner that, upon urination into the toilet bowl, urine is sampled and transferred to said urinalysis device and is subjected to urinalysis with the results thereof being output by said output means.

2. A urinalysis unit according to claim 1, wherein said urine sampling device comprises a swingable arm and an electrical drive therefor, said arm having an end supported by said toilet seat for pivoting movement about a horizontal axis and the other end supporting said urine sampling vessel, said electrical drive being operative to move said urine sampling vessel between an operative position situated within the inner space of said bowl and a rest position situated adjacent to the rim of said bowl fixture.

3. A urinalysis unit according to claim 2, wherein said toilet seat is provided at the lower surface thereof with a downwardly directed concavity and wherein said electrical drive is accommodated at least in part in said concavity.

4. A urinalysis unit according to claim 2, wherein said urine sampling device comprises a frame secured to said toilet seat at the lower surface thereof, said frame being confined in a vertical direction within a vertical gap defined between the upper surface of the rim of said bowl and the lower surface of said toilet seat in said horizontal position thereof, said frame being arcuated to extend along said toilet seat in such a manner as to be substantially concealed by said toilet seat.

5. A urinalysis unit according to claim 2, wherein said electrical drive is operative to move said urine sampling vessel along the inner surface of said bowl between an operative position situated adjacent the bottom of said bowl and a rest position situated adjacent to the frontal part of said rim and wherein said urine sampling vessel in its rest position is held adjacent to the frontal part of said rim.

6. A urinalysis unit according to claim 5, wherein said urine sampling vessel in its rest position is substantially concealed underneath said toilet seat when said seat is in its horizontal operative position.

7. A urinalysis unit according to claim 6, wherein said urine sampling device is provided with cleansing means for flushing with water said urine sampling vessel after use.

8. A urinalysis unit according to claim 1, wherein said urinalysis device comprises a polarographic cell responsive to a predetermined constituent of urine to issue an electric signal indicative of the content of said constituent and data processing means responsive to said signal to determine the content of said constituent and wherein said fluid transfer means comprises a reservoir for a carrier fluid and is operable to transfer urine sample as mixed with and diluted by said carrier fluid to said polarographic cell.

9. A urinalysis unit according to claim 8, wherein said carrier fluid reservoir is arranged in said housing.

10. A urinalysis unit according to claim 8, wherein said polarographic cell comprises a working electrode on which an enzyme apt to selectively promote reaction of said predetermined constituent of urine is supported, said polarographic cell being operative to issue an electric signal representing the amount of product of reaction.

11. A urinalysis unit according to claim 10, wherein said enzyme comprises a glucose oxidase and wherein said polarographic cell is operative to issue an electric signal representing the amount of hydrogen peroxide produced by glucose oxidase.

12. A urinalysis unit according to claim 10, wherein said polarographic cell comprises a disposable polarographic flow cell and wherein said urinalysis device comprises a support socket secured to said housing for detachably mounting said flow cell.

13. A urinalysis unit according to claim 12, wherein said support socket comprises a fluid inlet connected to said fluid pump, a fluid outlet and electric lines connected to said data processing means, said socket and flow cell having mating faces extending perpendicular to the direction of mounting of said flow cell against said socket, said socket and flow cell being provided with fluid coupling means for connecting said fluid inlet and outlet to an electrolytic chamber of said flow cell and with electrical connection means for electrically connecting said electric lines to electrodes of said flow cell, said fluid coupling means and said electrical connection means extending perpendicular to said mating faces and parallel to said direction of mounting so that upon movement of said flow cell toward said socket in said direction of mounting, said flow cell and socket are hydraulically and electrically connected with each other.

14. A urinalysis unit according to claim 13, further comprising a clamp mechanism for clamping said flow cell against said socket.

15. A urinalysis unit according to claim 14, wherein said clamp mechanism comprises a flow cell holder for replaceably holding said flow cell and a drive mechanism for displacing said holder in such a manner that said flow cell is moved to and away from said socket.

16. A urinalysis unit according to claim 15, wherein said drive mechanism comprises a levered force amplification mechanism.

17. A urinalysis unit according to claim 13, wherein said mating faces are vertical and wherein said fluid outlet is disposed above said fluid inlet so that air bubbles entered into said electrolytic chamber of said flow cell are readily removed therefrom.

18. A urinalysis unit according to claim 1, further comprising a bidet equipment for producing upwardly-directed spray for washing perineal part of the user, said housing having a central portion extending transversally of said bowl fixture and a lateral portion extending forwardly from an end of said central portion, said urinalysis device and said fluid pump being housed in said lateral portion, said bidet equipment being disposed in said central portion.

19. A urinalysis unit according to claim 1, wherein said urinalysis device comprises a urinalysis flow cell responsive to a predetermined constituent in urine to issue an electric signal indicative of the content of said constituent and data processing means responsive to said signal to determine the content of said constituent;

said fluid transfer means comprising a reservoir for a carrier fluid;

said fluid pump comprising an electrically driven syringe type pump having a pumping chamber;

said fluid transfer means comprising an electrically driven valve having a first port in communication with said pumping chamber, a second port in communication with said urine sampling vessel, a third port in communication with said reservoir for a carrier fluid, and a fourth port in communication with said flow cell;

said valve being operative to selectively connect said first port with said second, third or fourth port;

said syringe pump and said valve being operative to draw urine sample sampled by said sampling vessel into the pumping chamber of said pump, to inject a metered quantity of urine sample toward said flow cell and to propel the thus injected urine sample by the carrier fluid to flow past said flow cell.

20. A urinalysis unit according to claim 19, wherein said electrically driven valve is a rotary valve.

21. A urinalysis unit according to claim 20, wherein said electrically driven rotary valve and said syringe pump are arranged substantially coaxially with one another to form an integral module.

22. A urinalysis unit according to claim 19, wherein said urinalysis flow cell comprises a polarographic cell having a working electrode on which an enzyme apt to selectively promote reaction of a predetermined constituent in urine sample is supported.

23. A urinalysis unit according to claim 22, wherein said enzyme is operative to oxidize glucose contained in said urine sample and wherein said polarographic cell is operative to issue an electric signal in accordance with the glucose content in urine sample.

24. A urinalysis unit according to claim 19, wherein said electrically driven valve further comprises a fifth port in communication with a source of calibration solution to supply a calibration solution to said urinalysis flow cell.

25. A urinalysis unit according to claim 19, wherein said electrically driven valve further comprises a port in communication with a source of water to supply cleansing water to the pumping chamber of said syringe pump.

26. A urinalysis unit according to claim 1, wherein said urinalysis device comprises a reservoir for a liquid reagent which reacts with a predetermined constituent in urine, a urinalysis flow cell liquid responsive to the reaction of said constituent with said reagent to issue an electric signal indicative of the content of said constituent, and data processing means responsive to said signal to determine the content of said constituent;

said fluid pump comprising an electrically driven syringe type pump having a pumping chamber;

said fluid transfer means comprising an electrically driven valve having a first port in communication with said pumping chamber, a second port in communication with said urine sampling vessel, a third port in communication with said reservoir for a liquid reagent, and a fourth port in communication with said flow cell;

said valve being operative to selectively connect said first port with said second, third or fourth port;

said syringe pump and said valve being operative to draw urine sample sampled by said sampling vessel and said liquid reagent into the pumping chamber of said pump and to transfer the mixture of said urine sample and said liquid reagent to said flow cell.

27. A toilet with urinalysis function, comprising:

a standard water closet bowl fixture having a bowl and a flushing water supply section located rearwardly of the bowl;

a housing mounted on the upper surface of said standard bowl fixture between said bowl and said flushing water supply section thereof;

a toilet seat hinged to said housing for swinging movement between a horizontal operative position and an upright inoperative position;

an electrically operated urine sampling device, including a movable urine sampling vessel, mounted to said toilet seat for swinging movement conjointly therewith for sampling, in mid-air within the inner space of said bowl, a quantity of urine excreted into said bowl;

a urinalysis device arranged in said housing;

fluid transfer means, including a fluid pump arranged in said housing, for transferring urine sample from said sampling vessel to said urinalysis device;

output means for outputting the results of urinalysis by said urinalysis device; and

,

control means for controlling said urine sampling device, said transfer means, said urinalysis device and said output means in such a manner that, upon urination into the toilet bowl, urine is sampled and transferred to said urinalysis device and is subjected to urinalysis with the results thereof being output by said output means.

28. A urinalysis unit for use with a toilet bowl fixture comprising:

a urine sampling device including a collecting portion positionable in an inner space of a toilet bowl fixture for receiving a quantity of urine excreted into the bowl;

a urinalysis device;

fluid transfer means fluidly connecting the urine sampling device and the urinalysis device for transferring urine from the urine sampling device to the urinalysis device;

a support adapted to be mounted on the toilet bowl fixture, the support including an open seating area and means for supporting the urine sampling device, the urinalysis device, and the fluid transfer means.

29. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, wherein the urine sampling device is mounted on the support beneath the seating area.

30. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, wherein the seating area of the support includes a hinged toilet seat movable between a horizontal operative position proximate to the toilet bowl, and an upright inoperative position, and the urine sampling device is mounted on the hinged toilet seat.

31. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, wherein the collecting portion of the urine sampling device is movable into and out of a position for sampling urine in midair within the inner space of the bowl.

32. The urinalysis unit of claim 31, wherein the urine sampling device is mounted on the support beneath the seating area.

33. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, wherein the fluid transfer means includes a fluid pump.

34. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, including output means for outputting urinalysis results from the urinalysis device.

35. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, including control means for controlling the urine sampling device, the fluid transfer means, and the urinalysis device so that upon urination into the toilet bowl, urine is sampled, transferred to the urinalysis device, and subjected to urinalysis.

36. The urinalysis unit of claim 35, including output means for outputting urinalysis results of the urinalysis device.

37. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, wherein the support includes a housing, and the urinalysis device and the fluid transfer means are located in the housing.

38. The urinalysis unit of claim 37, wherein the seating area of the support includes a hinged toilet seat movable between a horizontal operative position proximate to the toilet bowl and an upright inoperative position, and the urine sampling device is mounted on the hinged toilet seat.

39. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, wherein the support is adapted to be mounted on the upper surface of the toilet bowl fixture.

40. The urinalysis unit of claim 39, wherein the support is adapted to be mounted to seat mounting holes in the toilet bowl fixture.

41. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, wherein the support is a single integral self-supporting unit.

42. The urinalysis unit of claim 41, wherein the seating area includes a hinged toilet seat.

43. The urinalysis unit of claim 41, wherein the support includes a housing having portions located alongside the seating area and forming an armrest.

44. The urinalysis unit of claim 43, wherein the housing is C-shaped and surrounds the seating area.

45. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, wherein said support includes a frame for fixed mounting to an underside of a toilet seat, wherein said urine sampling device is mounted to said frame.

46. The urinalysis unit of claim 45, wherein said urine sampling device includes a swing arm swingably mounted at a first end to said frame, and a urine sampling vessel connected to a second end of said swing arm for collecting said urine sample.

47. The urinalysis unit of claim 46, wherein said swing arm rests between said toilet seat and an upper surface of a rim of said toilet bowl.

48. The urinalysis unit of claim 46, further comprising control means for adjusting the position of said swing arm within the inner space according to the gender of a user of said urinalysis unit.

49. The urinalysis unit of claim 46, wherein said fluid transfer means includes a tube contained within said swing arm for carrying said urine sample from said urine sampling vessel to said urinalysis device.

50. The urinalysis unit of claim 49, wherein said fluid transfer means includes a pump in fluid communication with said tube for pumping said urine sample from said urine sampling device, through said tube, and to said urinalysis device.

51. The urinalysis unit of claim 50, wherein said fluid transfer means includes a rotary valve in cooperation with said pump for selectively discharging said urine sample from a pumping chamber of said pump into said toilet bowl and supplying said urine sample from said pumping chamber to said urinalysis device.

52. The urinalysis unit of claim 51, wherein said rotary valve cooperates with said pump to inject water into said pumping chamber and towards said toilet bowl.

53. The urinalysis unit of claim 46, wherein the frame includes a housing and a carrier liquid reservoir contained within said housing for holding a carrier liquid.

54. The urinalysis unit of claim 53, wherein said fluid transfer means includes a rotary valve in communication with a pump having a pumping chamber for selectively supplying said urine sample from said urine sampling vessel, through said pumping chamber, and towards said urinalysis device and supplying carrier liquid from said carrier liquid reservoir, through said pumping chamber, and towards said urinalysis device.

55. The urinalysis unit of claim 54, wherein said fluid transfer means includes a transfer tube between said rotary valve and said urinalysis unit for mixing said carrier liquid with said urine sample prior to said urine sample entering said urinalysis unit.

56. The urinalysis unit of claim 49, wherein said fluid transfer means includes at least one electrode within a cavity defined by said urine sampling device to detect whether said urine sample has accumulated within said urine sampling vessel.

57. The urinalysis unit of claim 56, wherein the fluid transfer means includes a pump, and the urinalysis unit includes control means for operating said pump of said fluid transfer means to transfer said urine sample through said tube and towards said urinalysis device in response to said electrode detecting said urine sample.

58. The urinalysis unit of claim 45, further comprising cleaning means positioned adjacent a rest position of said urine sampling device for flushing said urine sampling device with water.

59. The urinalysis unit of claim 58, wherein said rest position is between a toilet seat and an upper surface of a rim of said toilet bowl, said cleaning means including a nozzle operatively connected to a water supply for spraying water onto said urine sampling device.

60. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, wherein said urinalysis device includes a polarographic cell generating an electric signal in response to constituents of said urine sample.

61. The urinalysis unit of claim 60, wherein said polarographic cell includes an electrode supporting an enzyme for promoting a reaction with said constituents of said urine sample, said polarographic cell generating an electric signal representative of the product of said reaction.

62. The urinalysis unit of claim 60, wherein said polarographic cell includes a disposable polarographic flow cell for detachably mounting to a support socket connected to said housing.

63. The urinalysis unit of claim 62, wherein said support socket includes a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, said fluid inlet being in communication with said fluid transfer means for receiving said urine sample and in communication with a carrier liquid reservoir for receiving a carrier liquid.

64. The urinalysis unit of claim 62, wherein said polarographic flow cell includes a base and an upper plate defining an electrolytic chamber, and a pair of passages in communication with said electrolytic chamber for supplying said urine sample and a carrier liquid to said electrolytic chamber.

65. The urinalysis unit of claim 62, wherein said urinalysis device includes data processing means responsive to said electric signal to determine the content of said constituents in said urine sample.

66. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, further comprising output means for outputting results of an analysis of said urine sample by said urinalysis device.

67. The urinalysis unit of claim 28, wherein said fluid transfer means includes a fluid pump having a pumping chamber, and a valve in communication with said pump, said valve having a first port in communication with said pumping chamber, a second port in communication with said urine sampling device, a third port in communication with a reservoir containing a liquid reagent, and a fourth port in communication with said urinalysis device, said valve selectively connecting said first port with said second port, third port, or fourth port to transfer a mixture of said urine sample and said liquid reagent to said urinalysis device.

68. The urinalysis unit of claim 45, wherein said urine sampling device includes a swing arm swingably mounted at a first end to said frame and a urine sampling vessel connected to a second end of said swing arm for collecting a urine sample, said fluid transfer means includes a pump and urine detection means within a cavity defined by said urine sampling device for detecting whether said urine sample has accumulated within said urine sampling device, and including control means for operating said pump to transfer said urine sample towards said urinalysis device in response to said urine detection means detecting said urine sample.

69. A toilet bowl fixture and urinalysis unit comprising

a toilet bowl fixture;

a urine sampling device including a collecting portion positionable in an inner space of the toilet bowl fixture for receiving a quantity of urine excreted into the bowl;

a urinalysis device;

fluid transfer means fluidly connecting the urine sampling device and the urinalysis device for transferring urine from the urine sampling device to the urinalysis device;

a support mounted on the toilet bowl fixture, the support including an open seating area and means for supporting the urine sampling device, the urinalysis device, and the fluid transfer means.

70. The toilet bowl fixture and urinalysis unit of claim 69, wherein the toilet bowl fixture includes seat mounting holes through which the support is mounted.

71. The toilet bowl fixture and urinalysis unit of claim 69, wherein the toilet bowl fixture includes a water closet bowl fixture having a bowl and a flushing water supply section located rearwardly of the bowl and the support is mounted on the toilet bowl fixture between the bowl and the flushing water supply section.

72. The toilet bowl fixture and urinalysis unit of claim 69, wherein the support includes a housing mounted on the toilet bowl fixture between the bowl and the flushing water supply section.

73. A method of collecting and analyzing a urine sample comprising the steps of:

positioning a urine sampling device into a predetermined urine sampling position in an inner space defined by a toilet bowl, said urine sampling device mounted to a toilet fixture and in fluid communication with a urinalysis device mounted to the toilet fixture, wherein a frame mounts to an underside of a toilet seat and a housing fixedly mounts to said toilet bowl, said housing for containing said urinalysis device, said urine sampling device being connected to said frame;

collecting a urine sample excreted into said urine sampling device;

detecting the presence of said urine sample within said urine sampling device;

transferring said urine sample from said urine sampling device to the urinalysis device mounted to the toilet fixture; and

analyzing the contents of said urine sample by said urinalysis device.

74. The method of claim 73, wherein said transferring step commences in response to the detection of said urine sample.

75. A method of collecting and analyzing a urine sample comprising the steps of:

positioning a urine sampling device into a predetermined urine sampling position in an inner space defined by a toilet bowl, said urine sampling device mounted to a toilet fixture and in fluid communication with a urinalysis device mounted to the toilet fixture, wherein a frame mounts to an underside of a toilet seat and a housing fixedly mounts to said toilet bowl, said housing for containing said urinalysis device, said urine sampling device being connected to said frame;

collecting a urine sample excreted into said urine sampling device;

transferring said urine sample from said urine sampling device to the urinalysis device mounted to the toilet fixture; and

analyzing the contents of said urine sample by said urinalysis device, wherein the analyzing step includes the substep of generating an electric signal in response to constituents of said urine sample, said electric signal being generated by a polarographic cell within the urinalysis device.

76. The method of claim 75, wherein the generating substep includes generating an electric signal representative of the product of a reaction between said constituents of said urine sample and an enzyme for promoting reaction with said constituents, said enzyme being supported by an electrode within said polarographic cell.

77. The method of claim 75, wherein the transferring step includes supplying said urine sample and a carrier liquid to an electrolytic chamber defined by a base and an upper plate of said polarographic flow cell, said urine sample and said carrier liquid being supplied through a pair of passages of said polarographic flow cell in fluid communication with said electrolytic chamber.

78. The method of claim 75, wherein the analyzing step includes the substep of processing said electric signal to determine the content of said constituents in said urine sample.

79. A method of collecting and analyzing a urine sample comprising the steps of:

positioning a urine sampling device into a predetermined urine sampling position in an inner space defined by a toilet bowl, said urine sampling device mounted to a toilet fixture and in fluid communication with a urinalysis device mounted to the toilet fixture;

collecting a urine sample excreted into said urine sampling device;

detecting the presence of said urine sample within said urine sampling device;

transferring said urine sample from said urine sampling device to the urinalysis device mounted to the toilet fixture;

generating an electric signal in response to constituents of said urine sample, said electric signal being generated by a polarographic cell within said urinalysis device; and

analyzing the contents of said urine sample by said urinalysis device, wherein the transferring step occurs in response to the detection of said urine sample within said urine sampling device, and the analyzing step is performed by data processing means within said urinalysis device.