Intercalates and expoliates formed with organic pesticide compounds and compositions containing the same

• US 5,730,996 A
• Filed: 05/23/1996
• Issued: 03/24/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 05/23/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Amcol International Corporation (Minerals Technologies Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Amcol International Corporation (Minerals Technologies Incorporated)
• Inventors: Beall, Gary W., Tsipursky, Semeon, Turk, Katherine R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Levy, Neil S.
• Application Number:
  US08/652,756
• Time in Patent Office: 670 Days
• Field of Search: 424/405, 424/406, 424/409-411, 424/417, 424/421, 424/484, 424/489
• US Class Current: 424/405
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 25/08 containing solids as carriers or diluents

Abstract

Intercalates formed by contacting an activated layered material, e.g., an activated phyllosilicate, with an intercalant pesticide to intercalate an intercalant pesticide between adjacent platelets of the layered material is disclosed. Sufficient intercalant pesticide is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 5 Å (as measured after water removal to a maximum of 5% by weight water) up to about 100 Å, and preferably in the range of about 10 to about 45 Å, so that, if desired, the intercalate can be exfoliated into individual platelets. The intercalate can be combined with an organic liquid to form a viscous composition for delivery of a pesticide compound. Alternatively, the intercalate can be exfoliated prior to combination with the organic liquid. The intercalated complex also can be admixed with solid particles to provide a granular, dust, or wettable powder pesticide composition.

Claims

1. An intercalate, capable of being exfoliated, comprising a swellable layered material and an intercalant pesticide, formed by contacting the layered material, having adjacent platelets of said layered material, with a composition including a first intercalant selected from the group consisting of water;

a water-miscible organic solvent;

an aqueous solution of a water-soluble intercalant polymer; and

a mixture thereof to form an intercalated layered material, and contacting the intercalated layered material with an intercalating composition containing an intercalant pesticide and a pesticide carrier selected from the group consisting of water;

a water-miscible organic solvent; and

a mixture thereof, said intercalating composition having a pesticide concentration of at least 2% by weight, based on the weight of pesticide, water and organic solvent in the intercalating composition to form the intercalate by sorption and electrostatic complexing of the intercalant pesticide between adjacent spaced layers of the layered material, without prior sorption of an onium ion or silane coupling agent, to expand the spacing between a predominance of the adjacent platelets of the activated layered material to at least about 10 Å

, when measured after sorption of the intercalant pesticide and drying to a maximum of 5% by weight water in said intercalate, based on the dry weight of the layered material, said pesticide selected from the group consisting of the following, including salts thereof, esters thereof and mixtures thereof;

allyl alcohol, anilazine, triadimenol, benomyl, benquinox, bunema, captafol, captan, carbendazim, carboxin, chinosol, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, cycloheximide, dazomet, dicloran, dichlofluanid, dichlone, dimethirimol, dinocap, manzeb, dithianon, dodemorph, dodine, drazoxolon, edinfenphos, fenaminosulf, fenapanil, fentiazon, ferbam, folpet, fongarid, guazatine, hymexazol, iprodione, kasugamycin, maneb, 2-methoxyethylmercurychloride chloro (-2-methoxyethyl) mercury, methylthiophenate, metiram, nabam, neo-asozin, o-phenylphenol, phenylmercury acetate, oxycarboxin, parinol, quintozene, phosethyl, piperalin, polyoxin, procymidone, propineb, propazine, propionic acid, prothiocarb, pyracarbolid, pyrazophos, thiabendazole, thiophanate, thiram, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, tridemorph, triforine, triphenyltin acetate, validamycin A, vinclozolin, vondozeb, zineb, chloranil, ziram, 8-quinolinol, sulfallate, metam, glyodin, 2,6-bis dimethylaminomethyl!cyclohexanone, hexachloroacetone, bromoacetyl bromide, picloram, benalaxyl, blasticidin S, bupirimate, buthiobate, chinomethionate, chlozolinate, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, dithianon, ethirimol, etridazole, fenarimol, fenpiclonil, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fentin, flusilazole, flutriafol, flutolanl, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, imazalil, imibenconazole, iprobenphos, isoprothiolane, mancozeb, mepronil, methfuroxam, metsulfovax, myclobutanil, nuarimol, ofurace, oxadixyl, polyoxin B, polyoxin D, prochloraz, procymidone, propiconazole, pyroquilon, quintozene, tebucanazole, tetraconazole, triarimol, tricyclazole, triforine, acifluorfen, alachlor, alanap, alloxydim, ametryn, amitrol, asulam, atrazine, azide, barban, benazolin, benefin, bensulide, bentazone, benthiocarb, benzoylprop, benzthiazuron, bifenox, acetochlor, acrolein, benazolin, buthidazole, allidochlor, bromacil, bromofenoxin, bromoxynil, butachlor, butralin, buturon, butylate, chlometoxynil, chloramben, chlorbromuron, chlorfenprop, chloridazon, chlorotoluron, chloroxuron, chlorpropham, chlorthiamid, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl-4-nitrophenyl ether, crotoxyphos, cycloate, cyprazine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, dalapon, 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric acid, dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate, a mixture of tris (2,4-dichlorophenoxyethyl) phosphite, and bis (2,4-dichlorophenoxyethyl) phosphite, desmedipham, 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid, desmetryn, diallate, dicamba, dichlobenil, dichlorprop, diethatyl, difenoxuron, diclofop, dimexano, dinitramine, dinoseb, dinoterb, diphenamid, dipropetryn, diquat, diuron, endothall, erbon, ethofumesate, fenac, fenuron, flamprop, fluchloralin, S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate, pentachlorophenol, fluometuron, fluorodifen, flurecol, glyphosate, glyphosine, hexazinone, ioxynil, isopropalin, isoproturon, karbutilate, lenacil, linuron, mecoprop, medinoterb, methazole, methoprotryne, metobromuron, metolachlor, metoxuron, metribuzin, molinate, monalide, monlinuron, monuron, naptalam, neburon, nitralin, nitrofen, norea, norflurazon, oryzalin, oxadiazon, paraquat, pebulate, penoxalin, perfluidone, phenisopham, phenmedipham, picloram, procyazine, profluralin, prometon, prometryn, pronamide, propachlor, propanil, propazine, propham, secbumeton, siduron, silvex, simazine, swep, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid, 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid, tebuthiuron, terbacil, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutol, terbutryn, tetrafluoron, triallate, trietazine, trifluralin, vernolate, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, N-m-tolylphthalamic acid, ethyl-1-naphthalene acetate, chloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, p-chloromandelic acid, dimethylamino-2,3,5-triiodobenzoate, 2-naphthoxyacetic acid, phenoxyacetic acid, 2-phenoxypropionic acid, o-chlorophenoxy acetic acid, p-chlorophenoxy acetic acid, 4-chloro-2-methyl phenoxyacetic acid, silvex, 4- (4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy!butyric acid, p-bromophenoxy acetic acid, dimethylamino-4 2,4-dichlorophenoxy!butryate, 3-indolebutyric acid, 3-indoleacetic acid, 3-indolepropionic acid, gibberellic acid, N,N-dimethylsuccinamic acid, 2-furanacrylic acid, endothal, 1-naphthaleneacetamide, allidochlor, N-methyl-N-1-naphthylacetamide, N-1-naphthyl acetamide, 2- 3-chlorophenoxy!propionamide, noruron, siduron, metobromuron, terbacil, chloroxuron, aminotriazole, cyanazine, chlorflurenol, chlorsulfuron, cyanazine, cyometrinil, 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid, dichlofop, difenzoquat, diphenamid, ethaflualin, ethepon, flurazole, flurenol, fluridone, fosamine, isouron, mefluidide, 1,8-naphthalic anhydride, napropamide, pyrazon, thoibencarb, anilazine, diphenatrile, N- 2,4-dichlorophenoxyl)acetyl-DL-methionine, daminozide, pyrazon, ethoxyquin, propham, S-carboxymethyl-N,N-dimethyldicarbamate, phosphan, merphos, ethephon, tricamba, amiben, glufosinate, indole-3-butyric acid, β

-naphthoxyacetic acid, triclopyr, 9-undecylenic acid, oxyflurofen, dinitrocresol, flurtamone, diflufenican, difunon, fomesafen, clethodim, sethoxydim, haloxyfop, tralkoxydim, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, phaseolotoxin, rhizobitoxine, barban, ethephon, tetcyclacis, mepiquat chloride, ancymidol, uniconzaole, paclobutrazol, diquatop, pendimethalin, karbutilate, asulam, clopyralid, fluroxypyr, chlorimuron, chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron, buthidazole, imazamethabenz, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapry, isoxaben, cinmethylin, ethofumesate, acephate, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, aldrin, d-trans allethrin, allyxycarb, aminocarb, amitraz, azinphos, azinphos, azocyclotin, azothoate, bendiocarb, benzomate, binapacryl, bomyl, 2-sec-butylphenyl N-methylcarbamate, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, bromopropylate, butacarb, butocarboxim, chlordane, chlordecone, heptachlor, lindane, methoxychlor, toxaphene, butoxicarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbophenothion, cartap, chloridimeform, chlorfenethol, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorobenzilate, chloropropylate, chlorphoxim, chlorpyrifos, chlorthiophos, coumaphos, 2-chlorophenyl-N-methylcarbamate, crufomate, cryolite, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, cyhexatin, cypermethrin, cythioate, dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane, 2,2-dichlorovinyl o,o-dimethyl phosphate, demeton, demeton-S-methyl, dialifor, diazinon, dicofol, dicrotophos, dieldrin, dienochlor, diflubenzuron, dimefox, dimethoate, dimethrin, dinobuton, dioxacarb, dioxathion, disulfoton, 2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, d-phenothrin, endosulfan, enfrin, o-ethyl o(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate, ethyl p-nitrophenyl thionobenzenephosphonate, ethiofencarb, ethion, ethoate, ethoprop, etrimfos, famphur, feributatin-oxide, fenitrothion, fenson, fensulfothion, fenthion, fenvalerate, fonofos, formetanate hydrochloride, formothion, fosthietan, hydroprene, isofenphos, isoxathion, isothioate, malathion, mecarbam, mecarphon, menazon, meobal, mephosfolan, mercaptodimethur, methamidophos, methidathion, methomyl, methoprene, isoprocarb, mirex, monocrotophos, m-tolyl-N-methylcarbamate, naled, nicotine, omethoate, oxamyl, oxydemeton-methyl, oxydisulfoton, parathion, permethrin, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phoxim, pirimicarb, pirimiphos, plifenate, profenofos, promecarb, propargite, propetamphos, propoxur, prothiophos, prothoate, quinalphos, resmethrin, ronnel, ryania, salithion, schradan, sulfotepp, sulprofos, temephos, tetraethyl diphosphate, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, tetradifon, tetramethrin, tetrasul, thiocyclamhydrogenoxalate, thiometon, thioquinox, triazophos, trichloronate, trichloron, vamidothion, melvinphos, trichlorofon, O,O-dimethyl phosphorochloriodothioate, methyl parathion, demeton O, dicapthon, O,O-diethylphosphorochloridothioate, propham, matacil, a mixture of m 1-ethylpropyl!phenylmethylcarbamate and m 1-ethylpropyl!phenylmethylcarbamate, pyrethrum, benzyl thiocyanate, rotenone, eugenol, aminozide, ancymidol, anthraquinone, brodifacoum, bromadiolone, butoxy polypropylene glycol, carbon tetrachloride, chloflurecol-methyl ester, chlormequat chloride, chlorophacinone, chloropicrin, chlorphonium, chlonitralid, coumachlor, coumafuryl, crimidine, cyoxmetril, deet, diazacosterol hydrochloride, dibutyl phthalate, ethyl hexanediol, dichlofenthion, difenacoum, dikegulac sodium, diphenylamine, ethephone, fenamiphos, fluoroacetamide, glyoxime, gossyplure, heliotropin acetal, kinoprene, maleic hydrazine, metaldehyde, metam-sodium, naphthalene acetamide, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, nitrapyrin, pyriminal, scillirosid, sesamex, sulfoxide, trifenmorph, triprene, and warfarin,

and wherein said intercalant polymer, when included in the frist intercalant composition, is selected from the following, salts thereof and mixtures thereof;

polyvinylpyrrolidone having a repeating structure (I);

##STR13## wherein n is in the range of 2 to about 1500;

metal salts of polyvinylpyrrolidone;

hydrolyzed polyvinylpyrrolidone of structure (II);

##STR14## wherein n is in the range of 2 to about 1500;

copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and a vinyl amide of γ

-amine butyric acid;

polyvinyl alcohol having 5% or less acetyl groups;

polyvinyl alcohol having 1% or less acetyl groups;

polyacrylic acid polymers;

polyacrylic acid copolymers;

partially or fully neutralized salts of polyacrylic acid polymers and polyacrylic acid copolymers;

poly(methacrylic acid);

poly(methacrylamide);

poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide);

poly(N-isopropylacrylamide);

poly(N-acetamidoacrylamide);

poly(N-acetmidomethacrylamide);

acrylic interpolymers of polyacrylic acid with poly(methacrylic acid), polyacrylic acid with poly(methacrylamide), and poly-acrylic acid with methacrylic acid, polyvinyloxazolidone;

polyvinylmethyloxazolidone;

polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block polymers having one of the following structures;

##STR15## wherein x and z are each an integer in the range of about 4 to about 30, and y is an integer in the range of about 4 to about 100;

polyacrylamide;

copolymers of acrylamide;

acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymers;

acrylate/acrylamide copolymers;

acrylate/ammonium methacrylate copolymers;

acrylate/diacetoneacrylamide copolymers;

acrylic/acrylate copolymers;

adipic acid/dimethylaminohydroxypropyl diethylenetriamine copolymers;

ammonium acrylate copolymers;

ammonium styrene/acrylate copolymers;

ammonium vinyl acetate/acrylate copolymers;

aminomethylpropanol acrylate/diacetoneacrylamide copolymers;

aminomethylpropanediol acrylate/diacetoneacrylamide copolymers;

butyl benzoic acid/phthalic anhydride/trimethylolethane copolymers;

cornstarch/acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymers;

diethylene glycolamine/epichlorohydrin/piperazine copolymers;

dodecanedioic acid/cetearyl alcohol/glycol copolymers;

ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers;

ethyl esters of polyethylenimines;

isopropyl ester of methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride copolymers;

melamine/formaldehyde resin;

methacryloyl ethyl betaine/methacrylate copolymers;

methoxyethylene glycol/dodecyl glycol copolymers;

octadecene/maleic anhydride copolymers;

octylacrylamide/acrylate/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers;

octylacrylamide/acrylate copolymers;

polyethylene glycol/dodecyl glycol copolymers;

polyethyleneimine;

phthalic anhydride/glycerin/glycidyl decanoate copolymers;

metal salts of acrylic and polyacrylic acid;

polyaminopropyl biguanide;

polymeric quaternary ammonium salts;

polyvinyl imidazolinium acetate;

potassium polyacrylate;

sodium polyacrylate;

metal salts of methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride copolymers;

vinylpyrrolidone/eicosene copolymers;

vinylpyrrolidone/ethyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid copolymers;

vinylpyrrolidone/hexadecene copolymers;

vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers;

polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate/itaconic acid copolymers;

sodium acrylate/vinyl alcohol copolymers;

C₄ -C₁₂ metal salts of olefin/maleic acid copolymers;

sodium polymethacrylate;

sodium polystyrene sulfonate;

sodium styrene/acrylate/polyethylene glycol-10 dimaleate copolymers;

water-soluble esters and ethers of cellulose;

sodium styrene/polyethylene glycol-10 maleate/nonoxynol-10 maleate/acrylate copolymers;

starch/acrylate/acrylamide copolymers;

styrene/acrylamide copolymers;

styrene/acrylate/ammonium methacrylate copolymers;

styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers;

styrene/polyvinyloxazolidone copolymers;

sucrose benzoate/sucrose acetate isobutyrate/butyl benzyl phthalate copolymers;

sucrose benzoate/sucrose acetate isobutyrate/butyl benzylphthalate/methyl methacrylate copolymers;

urea formaldehyde polymers;

urea/melamine/formaldehyde polymers;

vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymers;

vinyl alcohol copolymers; and

polysaccharides.

2. A pesticide composition comprising the intercalate of claim 1, in a concentration of about 0.05% to about 99.5% by weight, and an inert carrier.

3. The pesticide composition of claim 2 wherein the inert carrier is a solid selected from the group consisting of calcined clay, ground corn cobs, sawdust, silica, wood chips, sand, and mixtures thereof.

5. The intercalate of claim 1 wherein the first intercalant comprises water.

6. The intercalate of claim 5 wherein the first intercalant comprises water and an organic solvent.

7. The intercalate of claim 1 wherein the first intercalant is an aqueous solution of a water-soluble intercalant polymer.

8. The intercalate of claim 1 wherein the concentration of intercalant pesticide is about 0.01% to about 40% by weight, based on the dry weight of the layered material.

9. The intercalate of claim 8 wherein the concentration of intercalant pesticide is about 0.1% to about 35% by weight, based on the dry weight of the layered material.

10. The intercalate of claim 9 wherein the concentration of intercalant pesticide is about 5% to about 30% by weight, based on the dry weight of the layered material.

11. The intercalate of claim 1 wherein the concentration of intercalant pesticide is at least about 8% by weight, based on the dry weight of the layered material.

12. The intercalate of claim 7 wherein the concentration of the intercalant polymer is at least about 16% by weight, based on the dry weight of the layered material, to achieve spacing between adjacent platelets of said activated layered material of at least about 10 Å

.

13. The intercalate of claim 7 wherein the concentration of the intercalant polymer is at least about 35% by weight, based on the dry weight of the layered material, to achieve spacing between adjacent platelets of said activated layered material of at least about 20 Å

.

14. The intercalate of claim 7 wherein the concentration of the intercalant polymer is at least about 55% by weight, based on the dry weight of the layered material, to achieve spacing between adjacent platelets of said activated layered material of at least about 30 Å

.

15. The intercalate of claim 1 wherein the intercalant pesticide contains at least one polar moiety.

16. The intercalate of claim 6 wherein the intercalant pesticide lacks a polar moiety.

17. The intercalate of claim 15 wherein the polar moiety is selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid, a salt of a carboxylic acid, an ester, an amide, an anhydride, a ketone, an aldehyde, cyano, nitro, thiocarbamate, amino, carbamic, phosphate, thiophosphate, sulfoxide, carboximide, urea, sulfone, phosphorothioate, phosphorodithioate, thiourea, dithiocarbamate, phosphoramidodithioate, methylsulfonyl, phosphonate, sulfamide, phosphoramide, sulfonate, dithiocarbonate, hydroxyl, sulfate, sulfinate, sulfamate, and phosphinate.

18. The intercalate of claim 15 wherein the polar moiety has two adjacent atoms that are covalently bonded, and the two atoms have a difference in electronegativity of at least about 0.5 electronegativity units.

19. The intercalate of claim 1 wherein the pesticide is selected from the group consisting of fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, acaricides, nematocides, rodenticides, miticides, repellents, growth regulators, larvacides, and mixtures thereof.

20. The intercalate of claim 1 wherein the pesticide comprises an herbicide.

21. The intercalate of claim 20 wherein the herbicide is selected from the group consisting of trifluralin, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, dicamba, and mixtures thereof.

22. The intercalate of claim 1 wherein the pesticide comprises an insecticide.

23. The intercalate of claim 22 wherein the insecticide is chlorpyrifos.

24. The intercalate of claim 7 wherein the weight ratio of intercalant polymer to layered material is at least 1:

20.

25. The intercalate of claim 7 wherein the weight ratio of intercalant polymer to layered material is at least 1:

4.

26. The intercalate of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of intercalant pesticide to layered material is at least about 1:

2.

27. The intercalate of claim 7 wherein the concentration of intercalant polymer is at least about 0.1% by weight, based on the weight of water and intercalant polymer.

28. The intercalate of claim 27 wherein the concentration of intercalant polymer is at least about 2% by weight.

29. The intercalate of claim 7 wherein the concentration of intercalant polymer in said intercalate is at least about 2% by weight, based on the dry weight of layered material, and wherein said intercalant polymer has a functionality selected from the group consisting of an aromatic ring, a carboxyl, a hydroxyl, a carbonyl, an ether, an ester, an amine, an amide, an SOx, a POx, wherein x=2, 3, or 4, and mixtures thereof.

30. The intercalate of claim 7 wherein the intercalant polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly(vinyl alcohol), polyvinylimine, polyacrylic acid, poly(methacrylic acid), poly(methacrylamide), poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), poly(N-acetamideacrylamide), poly(N-acetomethamido-acrylamide), polyvinyloxazolidone, polyvinylmethyloxazolidone, poly-oxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers, polyethylenimine, and copolymers and mixtures thereof.

31. The intercalate of claim 30 wherein the intercalant polymer is polyvinyl alcohol.

32. The intercalate of claim 30 wherein the intercalant polymer is polyvinylpyrrolidone.

33. The intercalate of claim 30 wherein the intercalant polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range of about 100 to about 100,000.

34. The intercalate of claim 1 wherein the concentration of intercalant pesticide in the intercalating composition is at least about 5% by weight, based on the dry weight of the layered material.

35. The intercalate of claim 34 wherein the concentration of intercalant pesticide in the intercalating composition is at least about 30% by weight, based on the dry weight of the layered material.

4. A pesticide composition comprising an intercalate, together with an organic solvent, said intercalate formed by contacting a layered material, having a moisture content of at least about 4% by weight, with a composition comprising an aqueous solution of an intercalant polymer, said intercalant polymer having a concentration of at least 2% by weight based on the total weight of water and intercalant polymer in said composition, to form a polymer intercalated layered material by sorption and complexing of the intercalant polymer between adjacent spaced layers of the layered material to expand the spacing between a predominance of the adjacent platelets of said layered material to at least about 10 Å

, when measured after sorption of the intercalant polymer and drying to a maximum of 5% by weight water, based on the dry weight of the layered material; and

then contacting the polymer intercalated layered material with an intercalating composition comprising an intercalant pesticide and a carrier for said intercalant pesticide to provide the intercalate, wherein the intercalant pesticide is sorbed and electrostatically complexed between adjacent spaced layers of the layered material, said pesticide selected from the group consisting of the following, including salts thereof, esters thereof and mixtures thereof;

allyl alcohol, anilazine, triadimenol, benomyl, benquinox, bunema, captafol, captan, carbendazim, carboxin, chinosol, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, cycloheximide, dazomet, dicloran, dichlofluanid, dichlone, dimethirimol, dinocap, manzeb, dithianon, dodemorph, dodine, drazoxolon, edinfenphos, fenaminosulf, fenapanil, fentiazon, ferbam, folpet, fongarid, guazatine, hymexazol, iprodione, kasugamycin, maneb, 2-methoxyethylmercurychloride chloro(-2-methoxyethyl) mercury, methylthiophenate, metiram, nabam, neo-asozin, o-phenylphenol, phenylmercury acetate, oxycarboxin, parinol, quintozene, phosethyl, piperalin, polyoxin, procymidone, propineb, propazine, propionic acid, prothiocarb, pyracarbolid, pyrazophos, thiabendazole, thiophanate, thiram, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, tridemorph, triforine, triphenyltin acetate, validamycin A, vinclozolin, vondozeb, zineb, chloranil, ziram, 8-quinolinol, sulfallate, metam, glyodin, 2,6-bis dimethylaminomethyl!cyclohexanone, hexachloroacetone, bromoacetyl bromide, picloram, benalaxyl, blasticidin S, bupirimate, buthiobate, chinomethionate, chlozolinate, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, dithianon, ethirimol, etridazole, fenarimol, fenpiclonil, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fentin, flusilazole, flutriafol, flutolanl, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, imazalil, imibenconazole, iprobenphos, isoprothiolane, mancozeb, mepronil, methfuroxam, metsulfovax, myclobutanil, nuarimol, ofurace, oxadixyl, polyoxin B, polyoxin D, prochloraz, procymidone, propiconazole, pyroquilon, quintozene, tebucanazole, tetraconazole, triarimol, tricyclazole, triforine, acifluorfen, alachlor, alanap, alloxydim, ametryn, amitrol, asulam, atrazine, azide, barban, benazolin, benefin, bensulide, bentazone, benthiocarb, benzoylprop, benzthiazuron, bifenox, acetochlor, acrolein, benazolin, buthidazole, allidochlor, bromacil, bromofenoxin, bromoxynil, butachlor, butralin, buturon, burylate, chlometoxynil, chloramben, chlorbromuron, chlorfenprop, chloridazon, chlorotoluron, chloroxuron, chlorpropham, chlorthiamid, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl-4-nitrophenyl ether, crotoxyphos, cycloate, cyprazine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, dalapon, 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric acid, dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate, a mixture of tris (2,4-dichlorophenoxyethyl) phosphite, and bis dichlorophenoxyethyl) phosphite, desmedipham, 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid, desmetryn, diallate, dicamba, dichlobenil, dichlorprop, diethatyl, difenoxuron, diclofop, dimexano, dinitramine, dinoseb, dinoterb, diphenamid, dipropetryn, diquat, diuron, endothall, erbon, ethofumesate, fenac, fenuron, flamprop, fluchloralin, S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate, pentachlorophenol, fluometuron, fluorodifen, flurecol, glyphosate, glyphosine, hexazinone, ioxynil, isopropalin, isoproturon, karbutilate, lenacil, linuron, mecoprop, medinoterb, methazole, methoprotryne, metobromuron, metolachlor, metoxuron, metribuzin, molinate, monalide, monlinuron, monuron, naptalam, neburon, nitralin, nitrofen, norea, norflurazon, oryzalin, oxadiazon, paraquat, pebulate, penoxalin, perfluidone, phenisopham, phenmedipham, picloram, procyazine, profluralin, prometon, prometryn, pronamide, propachlor, propanil, propazine, propham, secbumeton, siduron, silvex, simazine, swep, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid, 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid, tebuthiuron, terbacil, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutol, terbutryn, tetrafluoron, triallate, trietazine, trifluralin, vernolate, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, N-m-tolylphthalamic acid, ethyl-1-naphthalene acetate, chloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, p-chloromandelic acid, dimethylamino-2,3,5-triiodobenzoate, 2-naphthoxyacetic acid, phenoxyacetic acid, 2-phenoxypropionic acid, o-chlorophenoxy acetic acid, p-chlorophenoxy acetic acid, 4-chloro-2-methyl phenoxyacetic acid, silvex, 4- (4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy!butyric acid, p-bromophenoxy acetic acid, dimethylamino-4 2,4-dichlorophenoxy!butryate, 3-indolebutyric acid, 3-indoleacetic acid, 3-indolepropionic acid, gibberellic acid, N,N-dimethylsuccinamic acid, 2-furanacrylic acid, endothal, 1-naphthaleneacetamide, allidochlor, N-methyl-N-1-naphthylacetamide, N-1-naphthyl acetamide, 2- 3-chlorophenoxy!propionamide, noruron, siduron, metobromuron, terbacil, chloroxuron, aminotriazole, cyanazine, chlorflurenol, chlorsulfuron, cyanazine, cyometrinil, 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid, dichlofop, difenzoquat, diphenamid, ethaflualin, ethepon, flurazole, flurenol, fluridone, fosamine, isouron, mefluidide, 1,8-naphthalic anhydride, napropamide, pyrazon, thoibencarb, anilazine, diphenatrile, N- 2,4-dichlorophenoxyl)acetyl-DL-methionine, daminozide, pyrazon, ethoxyquin, propham, S-carboxymethyl-N,N-dimethyldicarbamate, phosphan, merphos, ethephon, tricamba, amiben, glufosinate, indole-3-butyric acid, β

-naphthoxyacetic acid, triclopyr, 9-undecylenic acid, oxyflurofen, dinitrocresol, flurtamone, diflufenican, difunon, fomesafen, clethodim, sethoxydim, haloxyfop, tralkoxydim, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, phaseolotoxin, rhizobitoxine, barban, ethephon, tetcyclacis, mepiquat chloride, ancymidol, uniconzaole, paclobutrazol, diquatop, pendimethalin, karbutilate, asulam, clopyralid, fluroxypyr, chlorimuron, chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron, buthidazole, imazamethabenz, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapry, isoxaben, cinmethylin, ethofumesate, acephate, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, aldrin, d-trans allethrin, allyxycarb, aminocarb, amitraz, azinphos, azinphos, azocyclotin, azothoate, bendiocarb, benzomate, binapacryl, bomyl, 2-sec-butylphenyl N-methylcarbamate, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, bromopropylate, butacarb, butocarboxim, chlordane, chlordecone, heptachlor, lindane, methoxychlor, toxaphene, butoxicarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbophenothion, cartap, chloridimeform, chlorfenethol, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorobenzilate, chloropropylate, chlorphoxim, chlorpyrifos, chlorthiophos, coumaphos, 2-chlorophenyl-N-methylcarbamate, crufomate, cryolite, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, cyhexatin, cypermethrin, cythioate, dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane, 2,2-dichlorovinyl o,o-dimethyl phosphate, demeton, demeton-S-methyl, dialifor, diazinon, dicofol, dicrotophos, dieldrin, dienochlor, diflubenzuron, dimefox, dimethoate, dimethrin, dinobuton, dioxacarb, dioxathion, disulfoton, 2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, d-phenothrin, endosulfan, enfrin, o-ethyl o(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate, ethyl p-nitrophenyl thionobenzenephosphonate, ethiofencarb, ethion, ethoate, ethoprop, etrimfos, famphur, fenbutatin-oxide, fenitrothion, fenson, fensulfothion, fenthion, fenvalerate, fonofos, formetanate hydrochloride, formothion, fosthietan, hydroprene, isofenphos, isoxathion, isothioate, malathion, mecarbam, mecarphon, menazon, meobal, mephosfolan, mercaptodimethur, methamidophos, methidathion, methomyl, methoprene, isoprocarb, mirex, monocrotophos, m-tolyl-N-methylcarbamate, naled, nicotine, omethoate, oxamyl, oxydemeton-methyl, oxydisulfoton, parathion, permethrin, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phoxim, pirimicarb, pirimiphos, plifenate, profenofos, promecarb, propargite, propetamphos, propoxur, prothiophos, prothoate, quinalphos, resmethrin, ronnel, ryania, salithion, schradan, sulfotepp, sulprofos, temephos, tetraethyl diphosphate, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, tetradifon, tetramethrin, tetrasul, thiocyclamhydrogenoxalate, thiometon, thioquinox, triazophos, trichloronate, trichloron, vamidothion, melvinphos, trichlorofon, O,O-dimethyl phosphorochloriodothioate, methyl parathion, demeton O, dicapthon, O,O-diethylphosphorochloridothioate, propham, matacil, a mixture of m 1-ethylpropyl!phenylmethylcarbamate and m 1-ethylpropyl!phenylmethylcarbarnate, pyrethrum, benzyl thiocyanate, rotenone, eugenol, aminozide, ancymidol, anthraquinone, brodifacoum, bromadiolone, butoxy polypropylene glycol, carbon tetrachloride, chloflurecolmethyl ester, chlormequat chloride, chlorophacinone, chloropicrin, chlorphonium, chlonitralid, coumachlor, coumafuryl, crimidine, cyoxmetril, deet, diazacosterol hydrochloride, dibutyl phthalate, ethyl hexanediol, dichlofenthion, difenacoum, dikegulac sodium, diphenylamine, ethephone, fenamiphos, fluoroacetamide, glyoxime, gossyplure, heliotropin acetal, kinoprene, maleic hydrazine, metaldehyde, metam-sodium, naphthalene acetamide, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, nitrapyrin, pyriminal, scillirosid, sesamex, sulfoxide, trifenmorph, triprene, and warfarin; and

wherein said intercalant polymer is selected from the group consisting of the following, salts thereof and mixtures thereof;

polyvinylpyrrolidone having a repeating structure (I);

##STR16## wherein n is in the range of 2 to about 1500;

metal salts of polyvinylpyrrolidone;

hydrolyzed polyvinylpyrrolidone of structure (II);

##STR17## wherein n is in the range of 2 to about 1500;

copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and a vinyl amide of γ

-amine butyric acid;

polyvinyl alcohol having 5% or less acetyl groups;

polyvinyl alcohol having 1% or less acetyl groups;

polyacrylic acid polymers;

polyacrylic acid copolymers;

partially or fully neutralized salts of polyacrylic acid polymers and polyacrylic acid copolymers;

poly(methacrylic acid);

poly(methacrylamide);

poly(N, N-dimethylacrylamide);

poly(N-isopropylacrylamide);

poly(N-acetamidoacrylamide);

poly(N-acetmidomethacrylamide);

acrylic interpolymers of polyacrylic acid with poly(methacrylic acid), polyacrylic acid with poly(methacrylamide), and poly-acrylic acid with methacrylic acid, polyvinyloxazolidone;

polyvinylmethyloxazolidone;

polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block polymers having one of the following structures;

##STR18## wherein x and z are each an integer in the range of about 4 to about 30, and y is an integer in the range of about 4 to about 100;

polyacrylamide;

copolymers of acrylamide;

acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymers;

acrylate/acrylamide copolymers;

acrylate/ammonium methacrylate copolymers;

acrylate/diacetoneacrylamide copolymers;

acrylic/acrylate copolymers;

adipic acid/dimethylaminohydroxypropyl diethylenetriamine copolymers;

ammonium acrylate copolymers;

ammonium styrene/acrylate copolymers;

ammonium vinyl acetate/acrylate copolymers;

aminomethylpropanol acrylate/diacetoneacrylamide copolymers;

aminomethylpropanediol acrylate/diacetoneacrylamide copolymers;

butyl benzoic acid/phthalic anhydride/trimethylolethane copolymers;

cornstarch/acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymers;

diethylene glycolamine/epichlorohydrin/piperazine copolymers;

dodecanedioic acid/cetearyl alcohol/glycol copolymers;

ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers;

ethyl esters of polyethylenimines;

isopropyl ester of methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride copolymers;

melamine/formaldehyde resin;

methacryloyl ethyl betaine/methacrylate copolymers;

methoxyethylene glycol/dodecyl glycol copolymers;

octadecene/maleic anhydride copolymers;

octylacrylamide/acrylate/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers;

octylacrylamide/acrylate copolymers;

polyethylene glycol/dodecyl glycol copolymers;

polyethyleneimine;

phthalic anhydride/glycerin/glycidyl decanoate copolymers;

metal salts of acrylic and polyacrylic acid;

polyaminopropyl biguanide;

polymeric quaternary ammonium salts;

polyvinyl imidazolinium acetate;

potassium polyacrylate;

sodium polyacrylate;

metal salts of methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride copolymers;

vinylpyrrolidone/eicosene copolymers;

vinylpyrrolidone/ethyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid copolymers;

vinylpyrrolidone/hexadecene copolymers;

vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers;

polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate/itaconic acid copolymers;

sodium acrylate/vinyl alcohol copolymers;

C₄ -C₁₂ metal salts of olefin/maleic acid copolymers;

sodium polymethacrylate;

sodium polystyrene sulfonate;

sodium styrene/acrylate/polyethylene glycol-10 dimaleate copolymers;

water-soluble esters and ethers of cellulose;

sodium styrene/polyethylene glycol-10 maleate/nonoxynol-10 maleate/acrylate copolymers;

starch/acrylate/acrylamide copolymers;

styrene/acrylamide copolymers;

styrene/acrylate/ammonium methacrylate copolymers;

styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers;

styrene/polyvinyloxazolidone copolymers;

sucrose benzoate/sucrose acetate isobutyrate/butyl benzyl phthalate copolymers;

sucrose benzoate/sucrose acetate isobutyrate/butyl benzylphthalate/methyl methacrylate copolymers;

urea formaldehyde polymers;

urea/melamine/formaldehyde polymers;

vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymers;

vinyl alcohol copolymers; and

polysaccharides.

44. The composition of claim 4 wherein said layered material has a moisture content of about 4% to about 5000% by weight, based on the dry weight of said layered material and said water is capable of dissolving said intercalant polymer.

45. The composition of claim 4 wherein the moisture content of said layered material is about 30% to about 40% by weight based on the dry weight of said layered material.

46. The composition of claim 4 wherein the moisture content of said layered material is about 35% to about 40% by weight based on the dry weight of said layered material.

47. The composition of claim 4 wherein the moisture content of said layered material is about 5% to about 50% by weight water, based on the dry weight of said layered material.

48. The composition of claim 47 wherein the moisture content of said layered material is about 7% to about 100% by weight, based on the dry weight of said layered material.

36. A pesticide composition comprising an organic liquid carrier in an amount of about to about 99.95% by weight of the composition, and about 0.05% to about 60% by weight of an intercalated phyllosilicate material, said intercalated phyllosilicate material formed by contacting a phyllosilicate, having adjacent phyllosilicate platelets, with a composition selected from the group consisting of water;

a water-soluble intercalant polymer;

a water-miscible organic solvent; and

a mixture thereof, to form an intercalated phyllosilicate, and contacting the intercalated phyllosilicate with an intercalating composition, without prior sorption of an onium ion or silane coupling agent, comprising a pesticide and a pesticide carrier selected from the group consisting of water;

a water-miscible organic solvent; and

a mixture thereof, said intercalating composition having an intercalant pesticide concentration of at least 2% based on the weight of pesticide, water and organic solvent to achieve sorption of the intercalant pesticide between adjacent spaced layers of the phyllosilicate sufficient to expand the spacing between a predominance of the adjacent phyllosilicate platelets to at least about 10 Å

, when measured after sorption of the intercalant pesticide and at a maximum water content of about 5% by weight, based on the dry weight of the phyllosilicate, said pesticide selected from the group consisting of the following, including salts thereof, esters thereof and mixtures thereof;

allyl alcohol, anilazine, triadimenol, benomyl, benquinox, bunema, captafol, captan, carbendazim, carboxin, chinosol, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, cycloheximide, dazomet, dicloran, dichlofluanid, dichlone, dimethirimol, dinocap, manzeb, dithianon, dodemorph, dodine, drazoxolon, edinfenphos, fenaminosulf, fenapanil, fentiazon, ferbam, folpet, fongarid, guazatine, hymexazol, iprodione, kasugamycin, maneb, 2-methoxyethylmercurychloride chloro(-2-methoxyethyl) mercury, methylthiophenate, metiram, nabam, neo-asozin, o-phenylphenol, phenylmercury acetate, oxycarboxin, parinol, quintozene, phosethyl, piperalin, polyoxin, procymidone, propineb, propazine, propionic acid, prothiocarb, pyracarbolid, pyrazophos, thiabendazole, thiophanate, thiram, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, tridemorph, triforine, triphenyltin acetate, validamycin A, vinclozolin, vondozeb, zineb, chloranil, ziram, 8-quinolinol, sulfallate, metam, glyodin, 2,6-bis dimethylaminomethyl!cyclohexanone, hexachloroacetone, bromoacetyl bromide, picloram, benalaxyl, blasticidin S, bupirimate, buthiobate, chinomethionate, chlozolinate, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, dithianon, ethirimol, etridazole, fenarimol, fenpiclonil, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fentin, flusilazole, flutriafol, flutolanl, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, imazalil, imibenconazole, iprobenphos, isoprothiolane, mancozeb, mepronil, methfuroxam, metsulfovax, myclobutanil, nuarimol, ofurace, oxadixyl, polyoxin B, polyoxin D, prochloraz, procymidone, propiconazole, pyroquilon, quintozene, tebucanazole, tetraconazole, triarimol, tricyclazole, triforine, acifluorfen, alachlor, alanap, alloxydim, ametryn, amitrol, asulam, atrazine, azide, barban, benazolin, benefin, bensulide, bentazone, benthiocarb, benzoylprop, benzthiazuron, bifenox, acetochlor, acrolein, benazolin, buthidazole, allidochlor, bromacil, bromofenoxin, bromoxynil, butachlor, butralin, buturon, burylate, chlometoxynil, chloramben, chlorbromuron, chlorfenprop, chloridazon, chlorotoluron, chloroxuron, chlorpropham, chlorthiamid, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl-4-nitrophenyl ether, crotoxyphos, cycloate, cyprazine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, dalapon, 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric acid, dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate, a mixture of tris (2,4-dichlorophenoxyethyl) phosphite, and bis (2,4-dichlorophenoxyethyl) phosphite, desmedipham, 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid, desmetryn, diallate, dicamba, dichlobenil, dichlorprop, diethatyl, difenoxuron, diclofop, dimexano, dinitramine, dinoseb, dinoterb, diphenamid, dipropetryn, diquat, diuron, endothall, erbon, ethofumesate, fenac, fenuron, flamprop, fluchloralin, S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate, pentachlorophenol, fluometuron, fluorodifen, flurecol, glyphosate, glyphosine, hexazinone, ioxynil, isopropalin, isoproturon, karbutilate, lenacil, linuron, mecoprop, medinoterb, methazole, methoprotryne, metobromuron, metolachlor, metoxuron, metribuzin, molinate, monalide, monlinuron, monuron, naptalam, neburon, nitralin, nitrofen, norea, norflurazon, oryzalin, oxadiazon, paraquat, pebulate, penoxalin, perfluidone, phenisopham, phenmedipham, picloram, procyazine, profluralin, prometon, prometryn, pronamide, propachlor, propanil, propazine, propham, secbumeton, siduron, silvex, simazine, swep, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid, 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid, tebuthiuron, terbacil, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutol, terbutryn, tetrafluoron, triallate, trietazine, trifluralin, vernolate, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, N-m-tolylphthalamic acid, ethyl-1-naphthalene acetate, chloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, p-chloromandelic acid, dimethylamino-2,3,5-triiodobenzoate, 2-naphthoxyacetic acid, phenoxyacetic acid, 2-phenoxypropionic acid, o-chlorophenoxy acetic acid, p-chlorophenoxy acetic acid, 4-chloro-2-methyl phenoxyacetic acid, silvex, 4- (4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy!butyric acid, p-bromophenoxy acetic acid, dimethylamino-4 2,4-dichlorophenoxy!butryate, 3-indolebutyric acid, 3-indoleacetic acid, 3-indolepropionic acid, gibberellic acid, N,N-dimethylsuccinamic acid, 2-furanacrylic acid, endothal, 1-naphthaleneacetamide, allidochlor, N-methyl-N-1-naphthylacetamide, N-1-naphthyl acetamide, 2- 3-chlorophenoxy!propionamide, noruron, siduron, metobromuron, terbacil, chloroxuron, aminotriazole, cyanazine, chlorflurenol, chlorsulfuron, cyanazine, cyometrinil, 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid, dichlofop, difenzoquat, diphenamid, ethaflualin, ethepon, flurazole, flurenol, fluridone, fosamine, isouron, mefluidide, 1,8-naphthalic anhydride, napropamide, pyrazon, thoibencarb, anilazine, diphenatrile, N- 2,4-dichlorophenoxyl)acetyl-DL-methionine, daminozide, pyrazon, ethoxyquin, propham, S-carboxymethyl-N,N-dimethyldicarbamate, phosphan, merphos, ethephon, tricamba, amiben, glufosinate, indole-3-butyric acid, β

-naphthoxyacetic acid, triclopyr, 9-undecylenic acid, oxyflurofen, dinitrocresol, flurtamone, diflufenican, difunon, fomesafen, clethodim, sethoxydim, haloxyfop, tralkoxydim, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, phaseolotoxin, rhizobitoxine, barban, ethephon, tetcyclacis, mepiquat chloride, ancymidol, uniconzaole, paclobutrazol, diquatop, pendimethalin, karbutilate, asulam, clopyralid, fluroxypyr, chlorimuron, chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron, buthidazole, imazamethabenz, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapry, isoxaben, cinmethylin, ethofumesate, acephate, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, aldrin, d-trans allethrin, allyxycarb, aminocarb, amitraz, azinphos, azinphos, azocyclotin, azothoate, bendiocarb, benzomate, binapacryl, bomyl, 2-sec-butylphenyl N-methylcarbamate, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, bromopropylate, butacarb, butocarboxim, chlordane, chlordecone, heptachlor, lindane, methoxychlor, toxaphene, butoxicarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbophenothion, cartap, chloridimeform, chlorfenethol, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorobenzilate, chloropropylate, chlorphoxim, chlorpyrifos, chlorthiophos, coumaphos, 2-chlorophenyl-N-methylcarbamate, crufomate, cryolite, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, cyhexatin, cypermethrin, cythioate, dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane, 2,2-dichlorovinyl o,o-dimethyl phosphate, demeton, demeton-S-methyl, dialifor, diazinon, dicofol, dicrotophos, dieldrin, dienochlor, diflubenzuron, dimefox, dimethoate, dimethrin, dinobuton, dioxacarb, dioxathion, disulfoton, 2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, d-phenothrin, endosulfan, enfrin, o-ethyl o(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate, ethyl p-nitrophenyl thionobenzenephosphonate, ethiofencarb, ethion, ethoate, ethoprop, etrimfos, famphur, fenbutatin-oxide, fenitrothion, fenson, fensulfothion, fenthion, fenvalerate, fonofos, formetanate hydrochloride, formothion, fosthietan, hydroprene, isofenphos, isoxathion, isothioate, malathion, mecarbam, mecarphon, menazon, meobal, mephosfolan, mercaptodimethur, methamidophos, methidathion, methomyl, methoprene, isoprocarb, mirex, monocrotophos, m-tolyl-N-methylcarbamate, naled, nicotine, omethoate, oxamyl, oxydemeton-methyl, oxydisulfoton, parathion, permethrin, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phoxim, pirimicarb, pirimiphos, plifenate, profenofos, promecarb, propargite, propetamphos, propoxur, prothiophos, prothoate, quinalphos, resmethrin, ronnel, ryania, salithion, schradan, sulfotepp, sulprofos, temephos, tetraethyl diphosphate, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, tetradifon, tetramethrin, tetrasul, thiocyclamhydrogenoxalate, thiometon, thioquinox, triazophos, trichloronate, trichloron, vamidothion, melvinphos, trichlorofon, O,O-dimethyl phosphorochloriodothioate, methyl parathion, demeton O, dicapthon, O,O-diethylphosphorochloridothioate, propham, matacil, a mixture of m 1-ethylpropyl!phenylmethylcarbamate and m 1-ethylpropyl!phenylmethylcarbamate, pyrethrum, benzyl thiocyanate, rotenone, eugenol, aminozide, ancymidol, anthraquinone, brodifacoum, bromadiolone, butoxy polypropylene glycol, carbon tetrachloride, chloflurecolmethyl ester, chlormequat chloride, chlorophacinone, chloropicrin, chlorphonium, chlonitralid, coumachlor, coumafuryl, crimidine, cyoxmetril, deet, diazacosterol hydrochloride, dibutyl phthalate, ethyl hexanediol, dichlofenthion, difenacoum, dikegulac sodium, diphenylamine, ethephone, fenamiphos, fluoroacetamide, glyoxime, gossyplure, heliotropin acetal, kinoprene, maleic hydrazine, metaldehyde, metam-sodium, naphthalene acetamide, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, nitrapyrin, pyriminal, scillirosid, sesamex, sulfoxide, trifenmorph, triprene, and warfarin.

37. The composition of claim 36 wherein the intercalated phyllosilicate is exfoliated into a predominance of single platelets having said intercalant pesticide complexed onto said platelet surfaces.

38. The composition of claim 36 wherein the pesticide carrier comprises a water-miscible organic solvent selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, glycols, glycerols, ethers, and mixtures thereof.

39. The composition of claim 36 wherein the organic liquid carrier is a monohydric alcohol having 1 to about 5 carbon atoms.

40. The composition of claim 36 wherein the organic liquid carrier is a polyhydric alcohol selected from the group consisting of glycols, glycerols, and mixtures thereof.

41. The composition of claim 36 wherein the intercalated phyllosilicate material is free of a compound having an onium ion or a silane coupling agent.

42. The composition of claim 36 having a viscosity of at least 5000 centipoise.

43. The composition of claim 36 wherein the composition is a thixotropic gel.