Battery heating device and method

• US 5,731,568 A
• Filed: 10/13/1995
• Issued: 03/24/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 10/13/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Arctic Fox LLC (Phillips & Temro Industries, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Arctic Fox LLC (Phillips & Temro Industries, Inc.)
• Inventors: Malecek, Edward L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Walberg, Teresa J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PAIK, SANG YEOP
• Application Number:
  US08/542,640
• Time in Patent Office: 893 Days
• Field of Search: 219/200, 219/202, 219/209, 219/520, 219/521, 219/536, 219/538, 219/540, 219/552, 219/553, 429/100, 429/120, 429/62, 180/68.5
• US Class Current: 219/209
• CPC Class Codes: B60H 1/00278 for the battery arrangement of batteries B60R16/04
• CPC Class Codes: B60H 1/2221 arrangements of electric heaters for heating an intermediate liquid B60H1/034 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B60H 2001/00307 Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/27 by heating
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 2021/0043 for fuel cells heat exchange in fuel cell H01M8/04007
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 1/22 the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/615 Heating or keeping warm
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/625 Vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6556 Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange closed pipes H01M10/6552
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6567 Liquids
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6568 characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6571 Resistive heaters arrangements for heating the battery by its resistance to the internal current H01M10/637
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/663 the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A battery heating device for delivery thermal energy to at least one vehicle battery includes a battery support plate for supporting the battery, a heatable fluid tube supported underneath the battery support plate for transferring thermal energy from heatable fluid, such as engine coolant, to the battery, and one or more electric heating pads secured to the battery support plate to transfer thermal energy to the battery. The heatable fluid tube preferably is secured to the battery support plate by a continuously distributed, thermally conductive adhesive material, to enhance heat transfer to the battery via the battery support plate. The heatable fluid tube is constructed and disposed to be a non-weight-bearing member, to reduce the likelihood of engine coolant leakage.

Claims

1. A battery heating device for delivering thermal energy to at least one vehicle battery, the battery heating device comprising in combination:

battery support structure for supporting the at least one battery;

heatable fluid accommodation means, thermally coupled with the at least one battery, for accommodating heatable fluid in a region of thermal conductivity with the at least one battery such that thermal energy is transferred from the heatable fluid to the at least one battery to heat the at least one battery; and

electric heating means, thermally coupled with the at least one battery, for generating thermal energy in a region of thermal conductivity with the at least one battery such that thermal energy is transferred from the electric heating means to the at least one battery to heat the at least one battery;

wherein the battery support structure comprises battery support means, coupled with the heatable fluid accommodation means and the electric heating means, for supporting the at least one battery in a predetermined location, the battery support means being thermally conductive to transfer thermal energy from the heatable fluid accommodation means and the electric heating means to the at least one battery;

wherein the battery support means comprises a plate having upper and lower surfaces;

wherein the upper surface of the battery support means plate is constructed to support the at least one battery; and

wherein the lower surface of the battery support means plate supports the heatable fluid accommodation means and the electric heating means.

2. The battery heating device of claim 1, further comprising thermally conductive adhesive means for securing the heatable fluid accommodation means to the battery support means.

3. The battery heating device of claim 2, wherein the adhesive means comprises an epoxy resin continuously applied between the heatable fluid accommodation means and the battery support means to conduct thermal energy between the heatable fluid accommodation means and the battery support means.

4. The battery heating device of claim 1, wherein the electric heating means comprises a heat-generating pad secured to the battery support means.

5. The battery heating device of claim 1, further comprising phase-change material accommodation means, thermally coupled with the at least one battery, for accommodating a phase-change material such that thermal energy is transferred from the phase-change material to the at least one battery as the phase-change material changes from liquid form to solid form.

6. The battery heating device of claim 1, wherein the heatable fluid comprises engine coolant.

7. A battery healing device for delivering thermal energy to at least one vehicle battery, the battery heating device comprising:

a battery support plate for supporting the at least one battery;

a heatable fluid accommodating device thermally coupled with the at least one battery via the battery support plate to accommodate heatable fluid in a region of thermal conductivify with the at least one battery, thermal energy being transferred from the heatable fluid to the at least one battery via the battery support plate to heat the at least one battery; and

an electric heating device thermally coupled with the at least one battery via the battery support plate to generate thermal energy in a region of thermal conductivity with the at least one battery, thermal energy being transferred from the electric heating device to the at least one battery via the battery support plate to heat the at least one battery.

8. The battery heating device of claim 7, wherein the heatable fluid accommodating device comprises a fluid-accommodating tube secured to a surface of the battery support plate to transfer thermal energy to the at least one battery via the battery support plate.

9. The battery heating device of claim 8, wherein the fluid-accommodating tube is bent to form at least one loop.

10. The battery heating device of claim 9, wherein the electric heating device comprises a heat-generating pad secured to the battery support plate within the at least one loop of the fluid-accommodating tube.

11. The battery heating device of claim 9, wherein the at least one loop of the fluid-accommodating tube comprises at least two legs, the battery heating device further comprising at least one cross-brace secured between the at least two legs, the fluid-accommodating tube being secured to the battery support plate at least in part by securing elements extending through the at least one cross-brace into the battery support plate.

12. The battery heating device of claim 8, further comprising a thermally conductive adhesive continuously disposed between the fluid-accommodating tube and the battery support plate, thermal energy being transferred from the heatable fluid to the at least one battery via the fluid-accommodating tube, the thermally conductive adhesive, and the battery support plate.

13. The battery heating device of claim 7, further comprising a phase-change material accommodation device thermally coupled with the at least one battery to accommodate a phase-change material, thermal energy being transferred from the phase-change material to the at least one battery as the phase change material changes from liquid form to solid form.

14. The battery heating device of claim 7, in further combination with:

a heatable fluid delivery system coupled with the heatable fluid accommodating device to selectively deliver a continuous flow of heatable fluid to the heatable fluid accommodating device; and

a fluid bypass thermostat coupled with the heatable fluid delivery system, the fluid bypass thermostat comprising a temperature detection device in thermal communication with the at least one battery to detect a temperature associated with the at least one battery, the temperature detection device activating the fluid bypass thermostat to stop flow of the heatable fluid to the heatable fluid accommodating device by the heatable fluid delivery system when the temperature detected by the temperature detection device exceeds a predetermined value.

15. The battery heating device of claim 7, further comprising at least one support device secured to a bottom surface of the battery support plate, the at least one support device having a height dimension that is greater than a height dimension of the heatable fluid accommodating device to prevent contact of the heatable fluid accommodating device with any underlying structure.

16. The battery heating device of claim 7, wherein the battery heating device comprises weight-bearing structure to bear the weight of the at least one battery, the weight-bearing structure comprising the battery support plate, further wherein the weight-bearing structure bears the weight of the at least one battery independently of the heatable fluid accommodation means.

17. A method of delivering thermal energy to at least one vehicle battery, the method comprising:

(a) supporting the at least one battery with a battery support plate;

(b) transferring thermal energy to the at least one battery from heatable fluid in a region of thermal conductivity with the at least one battery via a heatable fluid accommodating device, a thermally conductive adhesive securing the heatable fluid accommodating device to the battery support plate; and

(c) transferring thermal energy to the at least one battery from an electric heating device secured to the battery support plate in a region of thermal conductivity with the at least one battery.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the step (b) comprises transferring thermal energy to the battery support plate from the heatable fluid accommodating device via an adhesive comprising an epoxy resin.