Technique for reducing rectifier reverse-recovery-related losses in high-voltage high power converters

• US 5,736,842 A
• Filed: 07/11/1996
• Issued: 04/07/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 07/11/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Delta Electronics Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Delta Electronics Incorporated
• Inventors: Jovanovic, Milan M.
• Primary Examiner(s): BERHANE, ADOLF D
• Application Number:
  US08/679,601
• Time in Patent Office: 635 Days
• Field of Search: 323/222, 323/282, 323/285, 323/286, 363/16, 363/20, 363/21, 363/24, 363/25, 363/97
• US Class Current: 323/222
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/34 Snubber circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/342 Active non-dissipative snubbers
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/158 including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33576 having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/08142 in field-effect transistor switches
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A circuit technique that substantially reduces the boost-converter losses caused by the reverse-recovery characteristics of the rectifier is described. The losses are reduced by inserting an inductor in the series path of the boost switch and the rectifier to control the di/dt rate of the rectifier during its turn-off. The energy from the inductor after the boost switch turn-off is returned to the input or delivered to the output via an active snubber. The same technique can be extended to any member of the PWM-converter family.

Claims

1. A power converter for driving an output load, comprising:

an input voltage source;

an output filter capacitor coupled in parallel with said output load;

a first inductor provided for storing energy from said input voltage source;

a rectifier;

a primary switch controlled by a first control signal, said primary switch coupling said energy from said input voltage source to said first inductor, when said primary switch is closed; and

an active snubber, including a second inductor, a clamping capacitor and an auxiliary switch controlled by a second control signal, wherein when said auxiliary switch is closed, said second inductor and said clamping capacitor are coupled in series, and wherein when said primary switch is closed, said second inductor controls a rate of change of current in said rectifier and, when said primary switch is open, energy in said second input is transferred through said clamping capacitor to a reference voltage source, said first and second control signals closing said primary and auxiliary switches at mutually exclusive time intervals.

2. A power converter as in claim 1, wherein said reference voltage source being said input voltage source.

3. A power converter as in claim 1, wherein said reference voltage source is the voltage across said output capacitor.

4. A power converter as in claim 1, wherein said reference voltage source is a ground reference voltage.

5. A power converter as in claim 1, further comprising a clamping diode for preventing resonance between a parasitic capacitor of said rectifier and said second inductor.

6. A power converter as in claim 1, wherein said converter is of a non-isolated type, said second inductor being connected in series with said primary switch, when said primary switch is closed.

7. A power converter as in claim 1, wherein said converter is of a non-isolated type, said second inductor being connected in series with said rectifier.

8. A power converter as in claim 1, wherein said first inductor comprises a transformer having a primary coil and a secondary coil, said second inductor being provided in series with said primary coil of said transformer.

9. A power converter as in claim 1, wherein said first inductor comprises a transformer having a primary coil and a secondary coil, said second inductor being provided in series with said secondary coil of said transformer.

10. A power converter as in claim 1, wherein said converter comprises a boost converter.

11. A power converter as in claim 10, wherein said boost converter comprises a rectifier coupled between said output filter capacitor and said first inductor, said second inductor being coupled in series with said first inductor and said primary switch when said switch is closed.

12. A power converter as in claim 10, wherein said boost converter comprises a rectifier coupled between said output filter capacitor, and a series connection of said second inductor and said first inductor.

13. A power converter as in claim 1, said active snubber further comprising a clamping diode for maintaining a minimum voltage across said clamping capacitor.

14. A power converter as in claim 1, further comprising a first diode and a second diode, said first and second diode being configured in an antiparallel fashion across said primary switch and said auxiliary switch respectively.

15. A power converter as in claim 14, further comprising:

a third diode connected in series with said auxiliary switch for blocking conduction of said second diode; and

a fourth diode connected in parallel with said auxiliary switch and said third diode.

16. A power converter as in claim 1, wherein said first inductor and said second inductor being provided by a tapped inductor.