Volume measurement apparatus and method

• US 5,739,426 A
• Filed: 04/28/1997
• Issued: 04/14/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 01/19/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Thomas W. Storm
• Original Assignee: Thomas W. Storm
• Inventors: Storm, Thomas W.
• Primary Examiner(s): RAEVIS, ROBERT R
• Application Number:
  US08/846,173
• Time in Patent Office: 351 Days
• Field of Search: 73/149, 33/1 V, 33/772, 33/773, 356/379, 356/380, 348/94, 348/135
• US Class Current: 73/149
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 11/00 Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques

Abstract

A volume measurement apparatus and method of use. The volume measurement apparatus comprises a vertical leg attached to a horizontal leg, and at least one sensor attached to the legs. A trackball is rotatably attached to the volume measurement apparatus, and is electrically connected to a trackball movement detection means. A volume measurement means is electrically connected to the trackball movement detection means and to the at least one sensor. The method of use includes the steps of rolling the volume measurement apparatus past an object whose volume is to be measured, such that the sensor(s) will scan cross sectional areas of an object embraced within the volume measurement apparatus vertical leg and horizontal leg at pre-set intervals, figuring only the area that the sensor(s) report as solid, which is the object cross section return, and summing the products of the object cross section returns multiplied by the increment. An alternative method of use involves swiveling the volume measurement apparatus such that an object being measured is encompassed within the sweep of the legs during the swiveling motion. An alternate embodiment apparatus comprises a first leg attached to a second leg, a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an extreme of said first leg opposite said second leg, a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an extreme of said second leg opposite said first leg, a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an intersection of said first leg and said second leg. An alternate method comprises the final step of subtracting a volume of voids detected by the forward-looking or rearward-looking sensors from the total volume measured.

Claims

1. A volume measurement apparatus comprising a first leg hingedly attached to a second leg, a first sensor disposed at an extreme of said first leg opposite said second leg, a second sensor disposed at an extreme of said second leg opposite said first leg, a third sensor disposed at an intersection of said first leg and said second leg, a volume measurement means electrically connected to the sensors, a trackball rotatably attached to said second leg, and a track ball movement detection means electrically connected to said trackball and to said volume measurement means.

2. The volume measurement apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a first leg inclinometer disposed on said first leg, and a second leg inclinometer disposed on said second leg, said first leg inclinometer and said second leg inclinometer being electrically connected to said volume measurement means.

3. The volume measurement apparatus of claim 2 wherein said volume measurement means is set to detect volume scans only within a scan window.

4. The volume measurement apparatus of claim 3 wherein said scan window comprises a scan window upper edge defined as a plane parallel to the horizontal extending from said first sensor, a scan window far edge defined as a plane perpendicular to the horizontal and to said scan window upper edge, and a scan window lower edge defined as a plane co-extensive with a surface upon which said volume measurement apparatus rests.

5. The volume measurement apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a mode switch electrically connected to said volume measurement means, whereby said volume measurement means is instructed to operate in a swivel or in a rolling mode.

6. The volume measurement apparatus of claim 1 further comprising an inclinometer disposed on one of the legs and electrically connected to said volume measurement means, a level, and a mechanical interlock mounted on said level engaging said first leg and said second leg, whereby an angle between said first leg and said level is always equal to an angle between said second leg and said level.

7. A volume measurement apparatus comprising a first leg attached to a second leg, a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an extreme of said first leg opposite said second leg, a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an extreme of said second leg opposite said first leg, a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an intersection of said first leg and said second leg, a volume measurement means electrically connected to the sensors, a trackball rotatably attached to said second leg, and a track ball movement detection means electrically connected to said trackball and to said volume measurement means.

8. The volume measurement apparatus of claim 7 wherein said sideward-looking sensors are instructed to scan a sideward window, said forward-looking sensors are set to scan a forward window parallel to said sideward window and displaced forward in a direction of travel of said volume measurement apparatus, and said rearward-looking sensors are set to scan a rearward window parallel to said sideward window and displaced backwards in a direction opposite a direction of travel of said volume measurement means.

9. The volume measurement apparatus of claim 8 wherein each said window comprises a window upper edge, a window far edge, and a window lower edge, each said window upper edge being defined as a plane parallel to the horizontal extending from the sensors disposed at an extreme of said first leg opposite said second leg, each said window far edge being defined as a plane perpendicular to the horizontal and to each said scan window upper edge, and each window lower edge being defined as a plane co-extensive with a surface upon which said volume measurement apparatus rests.

10. The volume measurement apparatus of claim 7 further comprising a first leg inclinometer disposed on said first leg, and a second leg inclinometer disposed on said second leg, said first leg inclinometer and said second leg inclinometer being electrically connected to said volume measurement means, said first leg being hingedly attached to said second leg.

11. The volume measurement apparatus of claim 7 further comprising an inclinometer disposed on one of the legs and electrically connected to said volume measurement means, a level, and a mechanical interlock mounted on said level engaging said first leg and said second leg, whereby an angle between said first leg and said level is always equal to an angle between said second leg and said level.

12. The volume measurement apparatus of claim 7 further comprising a mode switch electrically connected to said volume measurement means, whereby said volume measurement means is instructed to operate in a swivel or in a rolling mode.

13. A method of volume measurement by swiveling a volume measurement apparatus, said volume measurement apparatus comprising a first leg attached to a second leg, a first sensor disposed at an extreme of said first leg opposite said second leg, a second sensor disposed at an extreme of said second leg opposite said first leg, a third sensor disposed at an intersection of said first leg and said second leg, a volume measurement means electrically connected to the sensors, a trackball rotatably attached to said second leg, and a track ball movement detection means electrically connected to said trackball and to said volume measurement means, said method comprising the steps of:

A. Placing said volume measurement apparatus at a starting position where said trackball contacts a surface and said second leg is substantially perpendicular to said surface;

B. Swiveling said volume measurement apparatus until said first leg passes completely over an object whose volume is to be measured, such that the sensors will scan volume increments of the object embraced within said volume measurement apparatus vertical leg and said volume measurement apparatus horizontal leg at pre-set angular increments;

C. Figuring only volumes that all three said sensors report as solid; and

D. Summing the volume increments recorded during the scan.

14. The method of measuring volume of claim 13 wherein said volume measurement apparatus further comprises a mode switch electrically connected to said volume measurement means, and wherein said method comprises the initial step of setting said mode switch to "Swivel".

15. The method of measuring volume of claim 13 wherein said volume measurement apparatus comprises a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an extreme of said first leg opposite said second leg, a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an extreme of said second leg opposite said first leg, and a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an intersection of said first leg and said second leg, and wherein said method comprises a final step of subtracting a volume of voids scanned by said forward-looking sensors or by said rearward-looking sensors from said sum of volume increments recorded during the scan.

16. A method of volume measurement by rolling a volume measurement apparatus, said volume measurement apparatus comprising a first leg attached to a second leg, a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an extreme of said first leg opposite said second leg, a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an extreme of said second leg opposite said first leg, a forward-looking sensor, a sideward-looking sensor, and a rearward-looking sensor disposed at an intersection of said first leg and said second leg, a volume measurement means electrically connected to the sensors, a trackball rotatably attached to said second leg, and a track ball movement detection means electrically connected to said trackball and to said volume measurement means, said method comprising the steps of:

A. Placing said volume measurement apparatus at a starting position where said trackball contacts a rolling surface;

B. Rolling said volume measurement apparatus past an object whose volume is to be measured, such that the sideward-looking sensors will scan cross sectional areas of the object embraced within said volume measurement apparatus vertical leg and said volume measurement apparatus horizontal leg at pre-set increments;

C. Figuring only an area that all three said sensors report as solid, which is an object cross section return;

D. Summing the products of the object cross section returns multiplied by said increment; and

E. Subtracting a volume of voids scanned by said forward-looking sensors or by said rearward-looking sensors from said sum of products recorded during the scan.

17. The method of measuring volume of claim 16 wherein said volume measurement apparatus further comprises a mode switch electrically connected to said volume measurement means, and wherein said method comprises the initial step of setting said mode switch to "Roll".