Differential order video encoding system
First Claim
1. In a digitally coded, data compressed television system, the improvement for high definition with narrow bandwidth, comprising:
- means for calculating adjacent pixel Y luminosity differential,means for generating nonlinear quantization of the adjacent pixel Y luminosity differential,means for variable bit length encoding of said nonlinear quantized pixel Y luminosity, andmeans for quantizing and encoding YO differentials, using YO of previous block where first YO in each row is absolute YO wherein small blocks are characterized as blocks where the quantized differential Y for all 9 pixels is within +/-1 with respect to quantized YO, medium small blocks have quantized differentials within the range of +/-5, and medium large blocks have all 9 quantized differentials within the range of +/-26, while large blocks have all 9 quantized differentials in the full range.
0 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A television communications method and system particularly suitable for high definition, with narrow-band applications as for specialized broadcasting systems and video links using a block coding procedure to produce a system not wasteful of bandwidth caused by transmitting redundancies from multiple sources which do not contribute to picture quality. A differential order video encoding method (DOVE) provides a video coding scheme based on the need for true high-quality video with real-time TV encoding and delivery in fifty per cent of the bandwidth of the 4.5 MHZ vestigial sideband suppressed television system in universal use. Efficient coding algorithms, based on the finding and eliminating multiple source redundancies, characterizes the redundancies and creates, in real-time, an efficient set of codes for encoding only the information that is different, eliminating the need for full 4.5 MHZ bandwidth.
60 Citations
11 Claims
-
1. In a digitally coded, data compressed television system, the improvement for high definition with narrow bandwidth, comprising:
-
means for calculating adjacent pixel Y luminosity differential, means for generating nonlinear quantization of the adjacent pixel Y luminosity differential, means for variable bit length encoding of said nonlinear quantized pixel Y luminosity, and means for quantizing and encoding YO differentials, using YO of previous block where first YO in each row is absolute YO wherein small blocks are characterized as blocks where the quantized differential Y for all 9 pixels is within +/-1 with respect to quantized YO, medium small blocks have quantized differentials within the range of +/-5, and medium large blocks have all 9 quantized differentials within the range of +/-26, while large blocks have all 9 quantized differentials in the full range.
-
-
2. In a digitally coded, data compressed television system, the improvement for high definition with narrow bandwidth, comprising:
-
means for calculating adjacent pixel Y luminosity differential, means for generating nonlinear quantization of the adjacent pixel Y luminosity differential, means for variable bit length encoding of said nonlinear quantized pixel Y luminosity, means for transmitting the encoded signal for remote reception, and means for receiving and decoding the transmitted signal using an integer arithmetic algorithm where
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">red=Y+(178*(V-64)/128)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">grn=Y+(89*(V-64)/128)-(43*(U-64)/128)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">blu=Y+(222*(U-64)/128).
-
-
3. A high definition, low bandwidth, real-time digitally coded, data compressed television system, comprising:
-
means for converting an RGB analog television signal to digital YUV coordinates by converting x-bit RGB values to x-bit YUV values in accordance with an integer arithmetic algorithm based on world standard RGB ratios including an analog to digital, means for differential quantizing and encoding U and V values based on a major 6×
6 block and four minor 3×
3 blocks,means for luminosity differential quantizing for encoding Y information using a 3×
3 block and Y components encoding using one of the following techniques;
(a) averaging Y in 3×
3 block (YO), (b) quantizing differential Y for all 9 pixels within +/-1 with respect to quantized YO, (c) quantizing luminosity differentials within the range of +/-5, (d) quantizing all 9 quantized luminosity differentials within the range of +/-26, (e) quantizing luminosity differentials having all 9 pixels in the full range, and (f) mapping Y1, Y2based on allowable error,means for subtracting the luminosity of adjacent pixels where dY=(Yn-1), resulting in doubling the number of bits needed to represent dY compared to Y, means for finding YOs as the sum of all Ys in 3×
3 blocks divided by 9 approximated with integer arithmetic using 1/16+1/32+1/64,means for quantizing and encoding YO differentials, using YO of previous block where first YO in each row is absolute YO wherein small blocks are characterized as blocks where the quantized differential Y for all 9 pixels is within +/-1 with respect to quantized YO, medium small blocks have quantized differentials within the range of +/-5, and medium large blocks have all 9 quantized differentials within the range of +/-26, while large blocks have all 9 quantized differentials in the full range, means for transmitting the coded signal for remote reception, and means for receiving and decoding the transmitted signal using an integer arithmetic algorithm where
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">red=Y+(178*(V-64)/128)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">grn=Y±
(89*(V-64)/128)-(43*(U-64)/128)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">blu=Y+(222*(U-64)/128).4. - View Dependent Claims (4)
-
-
5. A coding method for high definition, narrow bandwidth video, comprising the steps of:
-
converting a color video signal to digital Y U V values, non-linear differential quantizing to arrange individual pixels in major blocks, with each said block further arranged into minor blocks, whereby U and V values for both the major block and minor blocks are the sum of all U'"'"'s and V'"'"'s in a minor block divided by the number of pixels in the minor block to provide values of U and V subsampled with respect to Y, quantizing the U and V values according to dx where dx means either dY or dV, and
space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ if abs(dx) >
0 and abs(dx) <
2 then dx <
--- 1 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
1 and abs(dx) <
5 then dx <
--- 3 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
4 and abs(dx) <
10 then dx <
--- 7 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
9 and abs(dx) <
17 then dx <
--- 13 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
16 and abs(dx) <
32 then dx <
--- 24 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
31 and abs(dx) <
47 then dx <
--- 39 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
46 then dx <
--- 54 * (sgn(dx)), ______________________________________testing for overflow and underflow from the quantizing whereby if dx+previous dx>
127 or <
0 then dx<
next lower quantize value, then testing again,differencing the major block UVs from the preceding quantizing and differencing the minor blocks from the large block and quantizing, and if the difference of any one of the minor blocks exceeds a threshold, encoding that minor block encoded together with the major block, assigning a single bit associated with a major block to indicate if the encoding is for a single large block or if the encoding is for the large block plus one or more small blocks, encoding quantized U and V differentials encoded both for the major blocks and for any minor blocks whose values are different from the major blocks by an adjustable error (UV(err)), luminosity differential quantizing for encoding Y information using a minor block and the Y components, encoding using one of the following different techniques;
(a) averaging Y in 3×
3 block (YO), (b) quantizing differential Y for all 9 pixels within +/-1 with respect to quantized YO, (c) quantizing luminosity differentials within the range of +/-5, (d) quantizing all 9 quantized luminosity differentials within the range of +/-26, (e) quantizing luminosity differentials having all 9 pixels in the full range, and (f) mapping Y1, Y2 based on allowable error,subtracting the luminosity of adjacent pixels where dY=(Yn-Yn-1) resulting in doubling the number of bits needed to represent dY compared to Y, finding YOs as the sum of all Ys in minor blocks divided by the number of pixels therein, quantizing and encoding YO differentials using YO of previous block where first YO in each row is absolute YO wherein small blocks are characterized as blocks where the quantized differential Y for all pixels is within +/-1 with respect to quantized YO, and medium small blocks have quantized differentials within the range of +/-5, and medium large blocks have all quantized differentials with the range of +/-26, while large blocks have all quantized differentials in the full range, and formatting encoded data by bit packing and organizing the coded data to accommodate video signal format. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8, 9, 11)
-
-
10. Coding means for high definition, narrow bandwidth video transmission, comprising:
-
means for converting a color video signal to digital Y U V values, means for non-linear differential quantizing to arrange individual pixels in major blocks, with each said block further arranged into minor blocks, whereby U and V values for both the major block and minor blocks are the sum of all U'"'"'s and V'"'"'s in a minor block divided by the number of pixels in the minor block to provide values of U and V subsampled with respect to Y, means for quantizing the U and V values according to dx where dx means either dU or dV, and
space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ if abs(dx) >
0 and abs(dx) <
2 then dx <
--- 1 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
1 and abs(dx) <
5 then dx <
--- 3 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
4 and abs(dx) <
10 then dx <
--- 7 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
9 and abs(dx) <
17 then dx <
--- 13 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
16 and abs(dx) <
32 then dx <
--- 24 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
31 and abs(dx) <
47 then dx <
--- 39 * (sgn(dx)) if abs(dx) >
46 and dx <
--- 54 * (sgn(dx)), ______________________________________means for testing for overflow and underflow from the quantizer, whereby if dx+previous x>
127 or <
0 then dx<
next lower quantize value, then testing again,means for differencing the major block UVs from the preceding quantizing and differencing the minor blocks from the large block and quantizing, and if the difference of any one of the minor blocks exceeds a threshold, encoding that minor block encoded together with the major block, means for assigning a single bit associated with a major block to indicate if the encoding is for a single large block or if the encoding is for the large block plus one or more small blocks, means for encoding quantized U and V differentials encoded both for the major blocks and for any minor blocks whose values are different from the major blocks by an adjustable error (UV(err)), means for luminosity differential quantizing for encoding Y information using a minor block and the Y components, means for encoding using one of the following different techniques;
(a) averaging Y in 3×
3 block (YO), (b) quantizing differential Y for all 9 pixels within +/-1 with respect to quantized YO, (c) quantizing luminosity differentials within the range of +/-5, (d) quantizing all 9 quantized luminosity differentials within the range of +/-26, (e) quantizing luminosity differentials having all 9 pixels in the full range, and (f) mapping Y1, Y2 based on allowable error,means for subtracting the luminosity of adjacent pixels where dY=(Yn-Yn-1) resulting in doubling the number of bits needed to represent dY compared to Y, means for finding YOs as the sum of all Ys in minor blocks divided by the number of pixels therein, means for quantizing and encoding YO differentials using YO of previous block where first YO in each row is absolute YO wherein small blocks are characterized as blocks where the quantized differential Y for all pixels is within +/-1 with respect to quantized YO, and medium, small blocks have quantized differentials within the range of +/-5, and medium large blocks have all quantized differentials with the range of +/-26, while large blocks have all quantized differentials in the full range, and means for formatting encoded data by bit packing and organizing the coded data to accommodate the video signal format.
-
Specification