Dry powder inhalation device with elongate carrier for power

• US 5,740,793 A
• Filed: 06/06/1995
• Issued: 04/21/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 04/28/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Adamas Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Astra AB (Astrazeneca PLC)
• Inventors: Hodson, Peter D., Smith, David K., Velasquez, David J., Wass, Anthony C.L., Calhoun, Clyde D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Asher, Kimberly L.
• Application Number:
  US08/471,612
• Time in Patent Office: 1,050 Days
• Field of Search: 128/200.14-200.23, 128/203.12-203.23, 604/56
• US Class Current: 128/203.15
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0006 using rotating means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0013 with inhalation check valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0016 located downstream of the dispenser, i.e. traversed by the product
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0025 with caps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0028 using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0043 Non-destructive separation of the package, e.g. peeling
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0045 using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0048 the dosages being arranged in a plane, e.g. on diskettes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0051 the dosages being arranged on a tape, e.g. strips
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0055 the used dosages being coiled
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0066 with means for varying the dose size
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0078 on a strip
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0081 Locking means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0085 using ultrasonics spraying or atomising liquids using ultrasonic vibrations in general B05B17/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0091 mechanically breath-triggered
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0093 without arming or cocking, e.g. acting directly on the delivery valve
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/02 with activated or ionised fluids, e.g. electrohydrodynamic [EHD] or electrostatic devices; Ozone-inhalators with radioactive tagged particles
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0024 with an on-off output signal, e.g. from a switch
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/064 Powder
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/8206 battery-operated
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 11/00 : Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system

Abstract

A dry powder inhalation device comprising a housing defining a chamber in communication with a patient port in the form of a mouthpiece or nasal adaptor, and an elongate carrier bearing a powdered medicament, the device being constructed and arranged such that areas of predetermined size of the elongate carrier may sequentially be exposed within the chamber, the device comprising one or more air inlets such that when a patient inhales through the patient port an air flow is established from the air inlet(s) to the patient port through the chamber such that particles of the powdered medicament of respirable size from said exposed area of the elongate carrier are entrained within the air flow.

Claims

1. A method of delivering a powdered medicament to a patient during inhalation comprising the steps of:

a) providing a dry powder inhalation device comprising;

a housing defining a chamber, a patient port in communication with said chamber, and one or more air inlets in communication with said chamber so that when the patient inhales through the patient port an air flow is established from the air inlets to the patient port through the chamber;

an elongate carrier disposed within said housing, preloaded with a plurality of doses of medicament, said medicament being in the form of a plurality of finely divided powder particles, said finely divided powder particles being releasably retained directly on a surface of the carrier, without the presence of an adhesive between the carrier and powder particles by an attractive force between said carrier and said powder; and

an advancement mechanism for exposing an area of predetermined size of the elongate carrier within the chamber so that the powder particles in said area are exposed to said air flow during inhalation and can be released from said carrier and entrained into said airflow;

b) causing the patient to inhale through said patient port; and

c) simultaneously with step (b), applying a sufficient releasing force to said carrier to release said powder particles from said exposed portion of said carrier into said air flow.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said releasing force is an electrical, piezoelectrical, electromagnetic or mechanical force.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said releasing force produces vibrations in the frequency range of from 5 to 50,000 Hz.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein said releasing force is applied by a member positioned to impact or strike the exposed area of the carrier.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said releasing force is applied by applying tension to said carrier.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein said releasing force is applied by advancing said carrier and suddenly stopping said carrier while it is being advanced by said advancement mechanism.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein said releasing force is applied by scraping or brushing said exposed portion of said carrier.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein said releasing force is applied by directing a flow of gas against said exposed portion of said carrier.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein said releasing force is applied by a mechanism for applying a force to the carrier that is actuated by inhalation by the patient.

10. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of, after inhalation, actuating said advancement mechanism to cause a different portion of said carrier to be exposed in said chamber.

11. A method of delivering a powdered medicament to a patient during inhalation comprising the steps of:

a) providing a dry powder inhalation device comprising;

a housing defining a chamber, a patient port in communication with said chamber, and one or more air inlets in communication with said chamber so that when a patient inhales through said patient port an air flow is established from the air inlets to the patient port through the chamber;

an elongate carrier disposed within said housing, having a planar surface comprising a plurality of microdepressions extending below said planar surface, said elongate carrier being preloaded with a plurality of doses of medicament, said medicament being in the form of a plurality of finely divided powder particles, said finely divided powder particles being releasably retained within said microdepressions; and

an advancement mechanism for exposing an area of predetermined size of the elongate carrier within the chamber so that the powder particles in said area are exposed to said air flow during inhalation and can be released from said carrier and entrained into said airflow;

b) causing the patient to inhale through said patient port; and

c) simultaneously with step (b), applying a sufficient releasing force to said carrier to release said powder particles from said exposed portion of said carrier into said air flow.

12. The method of claim 11 further comprising selecting said microdepressions from the group consisting of microgrooves and microdimples.

13. The method of claim 11 further comprising providing the inhalation device with an impactor positioned to strike a surface of said elongate carrier opposite said planar surface to cause said carrier to release said powder particles in said exposed area.

14. A method of delivering a powdered medicament to a patient during inhalation comprising the steps of:

a) providing a dry powder inhalation device comprising;

a housing defining a chamber, a patient port in communication with said chamber, and one or more air inlets in communication with said chamber so that when a patient inhales through said patient port an air flow is established from the air inlets to the patient port through the chamber;

an elongate carrier disposed within said housing, said elongate carrier being preloaded with a plurality of doses of medicament, said medicament being in the form of a plurality of finely divided powder particles, said finely divided powder particles being releasably retained directly on a powder-carrying surface of said elongate carrier without a protective capsule or coating surrounding the particles;

an advancement mechanism for exposing an area of predetermined size of the elongate carrier within the chamber so that the powder particles in said area are exposed to said air flow during inhalation and can be released from said carrier and entrained into said airflow; and

a release mechanism for releasing said powder particles from said elongate carrier by applying a force to said elongate carrier, said release mechanism being positioned to avoid direct contact with said powder-carrying surface and said powder particles;

b) causing the patient to inhale through said patient port; and

c) simultaneously with step (b), applying a sufficient releasing force to said carrier to release said powder particles from said exposed portion of said carrier into said air flow.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein said release mechanism comprises an impactor positioned to impact a surface of said elongate carrier opposite said powder-carrying surface.

16. A method of delivering a powdered medicament to a patient during inhalation comprising the steps of:

a) providing a dry powder inhalation device comprising;

a housing defining a chamber, a patient port in communication with said chamber, and one or more air inlets in communication with said chamber so that when a patient inhales through said patient port an air flow is established from the air inlets to the patient port through the chamber;

an elongate carrier disposed within said housing, said elongate carrier being preloaded with a plurality of doses of medicament, said medicament being in the form of a plurality of finely divided powder particles, said finely divided powder particles being releasably retained on a powder-carrying surface of said elongate carrier;

an advancement mechanism for exposing an area of predetermined size of the elongate carrier within the chamber so that the powder particles in said area are exposed to said air flow during inhalation and can be released from said carrier and entrained into said airflow; and

a release mechanism for releasing said powder particles from said elongate carrier by applying a force to said elongate carrier, said release mechanism comprising an impactor positioned to strike a surface opposite said powder-carrying surface to avoid direct contact with said powder-carrying surface and said powder particles;

b) causing the patient to inhale through said patient port; and

c) simultaneously with step (b), applying a sufficient releasing force to said carrier to release said powder particles from said exposed portion of said carrier into said air flow.