Lubricating oil additive, lubrication oil and working fluid for refrigerators

• US 5,744,053 A
• Filed: 06/06/1997
• Issued: 04/28/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 04/07/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Japan Energy Corporation (ENEOS Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Japan Energy Corporation (ENEOS Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Kaimai, Takashi
• Primary Examiner(s): DIAMOND, ALAN D
• Application Number:
  US08/870,788
• Time in Patent Office: 326 Days
• Field of Search: 252/68, 508/433, 508/440, 508/485, 508/579, 508/583
• US Class Current: 252/68
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 105/38 of polyhydroxy compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 107/24 containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol, aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 107/34 Polyoxyalkylenes
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/10 having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/16 Ethers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/18 Epoxides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/66 Epoxidised acids or esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/72 of polycarboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/44 Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/04 Phosphate esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 169/04 Mixtures of base-materials and additives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 171/008 Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/023 having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/026 with tertiary alkyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/027 Neutral salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/04 Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/042 Epoxides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/044 Cyclic ethers having four or more ring atoms, e.g. furans, dioxolanes
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/046 Hydroxy ethers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/24 Epoxidised acids; Ester derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/281 : of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/282 : of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/283 : of polyhydroxy compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/2835 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/285 : of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/286 : of polymerised unsaturated acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/34 : Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/043 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/1033 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/1045 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/105 : of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/1055 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/1065 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/107 : of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/1075 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/1085 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/1095 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2211/022 : aliphatic
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2211/06 : Perfluorinated compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 : Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/22 : Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/221 : Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/223 : Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/225 : the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/226 : Morpholines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/30 : Heterocyclic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/04 : Phosphate esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/041 : Triaryl phosphates
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/02 : Bearings

Abstract

A lubricating oil additive contains a partially etherified polyhydric alcohol which has at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one hydrocarbon group having a least one double bond bonded thereto through an ether linkage as an active component. The lubricating additive is added to a lube base oil to form a lubricating oil which imparts excellent wear resistance, scarcely corrodes metallic substances, scarcely swells rubbers or resins and scarcely forms sludge due to thermal oxidation. The lubricating oil is mixed with a refrigerant to give a working fluid suitable for refrigerant compressors of domestic refrigerators, automotive room air conditioners, refrigerators for industrial use and air conditioners.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil additive comprising a phosphate and a partially etherified polyhydric alcohol, said partially etherified polyhydric alcohol comprising a polyhydric alcohol moiety having at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one alkenyl group having one to three double bonds and 12 to 24 carbon atoms, said alkenyl group being attached to said polyhydric alcohol moiety through an ether linkage provided at a hydroxyl group position of said polyhydric alcohol moiety other than the positions of the at least two hydroxyl groups, said phosphate comprising a trialkyl phosphate, a triaryl phosphate or a mixture thereof, with the privoso that at least one of the following conditions are satisfied, the polyhydric alcohol moiety has from three to six carbon atoms, the ether linkage is at a carbon atom which is adjacent to a carbon atom having one of at least two hydroxyl groups attached thereto or at least two carbon atoms of three successively adjoining carbon atoms in said polyhydric alcohol moiety have a hydroxyl group attached thereto.

2. A lubricating oil additive as set forth in claim 1, wherein said alkenyl group has 16 to 20 carbon atoms.

3. A lubricating oil additive as set forth in claim 2, wherein the polyhydric alcohol moiety has from 3 to 6 carbon atoms.

4. A lubricating oil additive as set forth in claim 3, wherein the polyhydric alcohol moiety is derived from glycerol.

5. A lubricating oil additive as set forth in claim 1, wherein said ether linkage is at a carbon atom which is adjacent to a carbon atom having one of said at least two hydroxyl groups attached thereto.

6. A lubricating oil additive as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least two carbon atoms of three successively adjoining carbon atoms in said polyhydric alcohol moiety have a hydroxyl group attached thereto.

7. A lubricating oil having a viscosity of from 5 to 500 cSt at 40°

C. and comprising a lubricating oil additive and a lube base oil, said lubricating oil additive comprising a phosphate and a partially etherified polyhydric alcohol, said partially etherified polyhydric alcohol comprising a polyhydric alcohol moiety having at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one alkenyl group having one to three double bonds and 12 to 24 carbon atoms, said alkenyl group being attached to said polyhydric alcohol moiety through an ether linkage provided at a hydroxyl group position of said polyhydric alcohol moiety other than the positions of the at least two hydroxyl groups, said phosphate comprising a trialkyl phosphate, a triaryl phosphate or a mixture thereof, said partially etherified polyhydric alcohol and said phosphate being contained in amounts of 0.01 to 2.0% by weight and 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, respectively, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil, with the privoso that at least one of the following conditions are satisfied, the polyhydric alcohol moiety has from three to six carbon atoms, the ether linkage is at a carbon atom which is adjacent to a carbon atom having one of at least two hydroxyl groups attached thereto or at least two carbon atoms of three successively adjoining carbon atoms in said polyhydric alcohol moiety have a hydroxyl group attached thereto.

8. A lubricating oil as set forth in claim 7, wherein the lube base oil comprises a polyhydric alcohol ester or a polyether.

9. A lubricating oil as set forth in claim 7, wherein said alkenyl group has 16 to 20 carbon atoms.

10. A lubricating oil as set forth in claim 9, wherein the polyhydric alcohol moiety has from 3 to 6 carbon atoms.

11. A lubricating oil as set forth in claim 10, wherein the polyhydric alcohol moiety is derived from glycerol.

12. A lubricating oil as set forth in claim 7, wherein said ether linkage is at a carbon atom which is adjacent to a carbon atom having one of at least two hydroxyl groups attached thereto.

13. A lubricating oil as set forth in claim 7, wherein at least two carbon atoms of three successively adjoining carbon atoms in said polyhydric alcohol moiety have a hydroxyl group attached thereto.

14. A lubricating oil as set forth in claim 7, wherein said lube base oil comprises a polyether having a carbon atom/oxygen atom ratio of from 2 to 8.

15. A lubricating oil as set forth in claim 14, wherein said carbon atom/oxygen atom ratio is from 2 to 4.

16. A working fluid composition for refrigeration compressors comprising a refrigerant and a lubricating oil, said lubricating oil having a viscosity of 5 to 500 cSt at 40°

C. and comprising a lubricating oil additive and a lube base oil, said lubricating oil additive comprising a phosphate and a partially etherified polyhydric alcohol, said partially etherified polyhydric alcohol comprising a polyhydric alcohol moiety having at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one alkenyl group having one to three double bonds and 12 to 24 carbon atoms, said alkenyl group being attached to said polyhydric alcohol moiety through an ether linkage provided at a hydroxyl group position of said polyhydric alcohol moiety other than the positions of the at least two hydroxyl groups, said phosphate comprising a trialkyl phosphate, a triaryl phosphate or a mixture thereof, said partially etherified polyhydric alcohol and said phosphate being contained in amounts of 0.01 to 2.0% by weight and 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, respectively, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil, with the privoso that at least one of the following conditions are satisfied, the polyhydric alcohol moiety has from three to six carbon atoms, the ether linkage is at a carbon atom which is adjacent to a carbon atom having one of at least two hydroxyl groups attached thereto or at least two carbon atoms of three successively adjoining carbon atoms in said polyhydric alcohol moiety have a hydroxyl group attached thereto.

17. A working fluid composition as set forth in claim 16 wherein the refrigerant comprises a hydrofluorocarbon.

18. A working fluid composition as set forth in claim 16, wherein said ether linkage is at a carbon atom which is adjacent to a carbon atom having one of at least two hydroxyl groups attached thereto.

19. A working fluid composition as set forth in claim 16, wherein at least two carbon atoms of three successively adjoining carbon atoms in said polyhydric alcohol have a hydroxyl group attached thereto.

20. A working fluid composition as set forth in claim 16, wherein said lube base oil comprises a polyether having a carbon atom/oxygen atom ratio of from 2 to 8.

21. A working fluid composition as set forth in claim 20, wherein said carbon atom/oxygen atom ratio is from 2 to 4.

22. In a method of lubricating a refrigeration compressor utilizing a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant, the improvement comprising lubricating said compressor with a lubricating oil having a viscosity of 5 to 500 cSt at 40°

C. and comprising a lubricating oil additive and a lube base oil, said lubricating oil additive comprising a phosphate and a partially etherified polyhydric alcohol, said partially etherified polyhydric alcohol comprising a polyhydric alcohol moiety having at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one alkenyl group having one to three double bonds and 12 to 24 carbon atoms, said alkenyl group being attached to said polyhydric alcohol moiety through an ether linkage provided at a hydroxyl group position of said polyhydric alcohol moiety other than the positions of the at least two hydroxyl groups, said phosphate comprising a trialkyl phosphate, a triaryl phosphate or a mixture thereof, said partially etherified polyhydric alcohol and said phosphate being contained in amounts of 0.01 to 2.0% by weight and 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, respectively, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil, with the privoso that at least one of the following conditions are satisfied, the polyhydric alcohol moiety has from three to six carbon atoms, the ether linkage is at a carbon atom which is adjacent to a carbon atom having one of at least two hydroxyl groups attached thereto or at least two carbon atoms of three successively adjoining carbon atoms in said polyhydric alcohol moiety have a hydroxyl group attached thereto.

23. A lubricating method as set forth in claim 22, wherein said ether linkage is at a carbon atom which is adjacent to a carbon atom having one of at least two hydroxyl groups attached thereto.

24. A lubricating method as set forth in claim 22, wherein at least two carbon atoms of three successively adjoining carbon atoms in said polyhydric alcohol moiety have a hydroxyl group attached thereto.

25. A method as set forth in claim 22, wherein said lube base oil comprises a polyether having a carbon atom/oxygen atom ratio of from 2 to 8.

26. A method as set forth in claim 25, wherein said carbon atom/oxygen atom ratio is from 2 to 4.