Composite materials including metallic matrix composite reinforcements

• US 5,744,254 A
• Filed: 05/24/1995
• Issued: 04/28/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 05/24/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University)
• Original Assignee: Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University)
• Inventors: Kampe, Stephen L., Christodoulou, Leontios
• Primary Examiner(s): Zimmerman, John J.
• Application Number:
  US08/448,858
• Time in Patent Office: 1,070 Days
• Field of Search: 428/614, 420/552, 75/230, 75/244, 75/236
• US Class Current: 428/614
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 1/09 Mixtures of metallic powders
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 1/12 Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles containing lubricating or binding agents or organic material B22F1/10
• CPC Class Codes: C22C 1/047 comprising intermetallic compounds C22C1/0441 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C22C 21/00 Alloys based on aluminium
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12486 Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]

Abstract

Composite materials are disclosed comprising a continuous matrix with composite reinforcements therein. The composite materials may include a continuous metal, metal alloy or intermetallic matrix with intermetallic matrix composite reinforcements dispersed therein. Suitable metals for the continuous matrix include Al, Ti, Cu and Fe, and alloys and intermetallics thereof. The composite reinforcements comprise ceramic particles dispersed in a continuous intermetallic matrix. Suitable intermetallics include alumnides of Ti, Cu, Ni, Mg and Fe, while suitable ceramics include refractory metal borides, carbides, nitrides, silicides and sulfides. In one embodiment, the ceramic particles are formed in-situ within the intermetallic matrix of the composite reinforcements. The composite materials are produced by powder metallurgical techniques wherein powders of the continuous matrix component and powders of the composite reinforcement are blended and consolidated. The composite materials may be subjected to deformation processes such as extruding, rolling and forging during or after the consolidation step to provide materials with improved properties.

Claims

1. A solid composite material comprising a continuous matrix having composite reinforcements disposed therein, the composite reinforcements comprising an intermetallic matrix with ceramic particulates dispersed therein.

2. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the continuous matrix comprises a material selected from the group consisting of elemental-metal, metal alloy or intermetallic.

3. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the continuous matrix comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Cu, Fe and alloys thereof.

4. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the intermetallic matrix of the composite reinforcements comprises an aluminide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Cu, Ni, Mg, Fe and combinations thereof.

5. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the intermetallic matrix of the composite reinforcements comprises a material selected from the group consisting of TiAl₅, TiAl, Al₃ Ti and combinations thereof.

6. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the intermetallic matrix of the composite reinforcements comprises near-γ

TiAl.

7. The composite material of claim 1 wherein the ceramic particulates comprise at least one material selected from the group consisting of transition metal borides, carbides, nitrides, silicides and sulfides.

8. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the ceramic particulates comprise at least one refractory metal boride.

9. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the ceramic particulates are in the form of substantially equiaxed particles, rods, whiskers or plateletts.

10. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the composite reinforcements are in the form of substantially equiaxed particles, rods, whiskers or discs.

11. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the composite reinforcements comprise at least about 10 volume percent of the composite material.

12. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the composite reinforcements comprise from about 20 to about 60 volume percent of the composite material.

13. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the ceramic particulates comprise from about 10 to about 60 volume percent of the composite reinforcements.

14. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the intermetallic matrix comprises at least 20 volume percent of the composite reinforcements.

15. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the average size of the composite reinforcements is from about 1 to 100 micron.

16. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the continuous matrix comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti and alloys thereof, the intermetallic matrix comprises an aluminide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Cu and Mg and the ceramic particulates comprise at least one refractory metal boride.

17. The composite material of claim 16, wherein the continuous matrix is selected from the group consisting of Aluminum Association 1XXX, 2XXX, 5XXX and 7XXX series alloys.

18. The composite material of claim 17, wherein the intermetallic matrix of the composite reinforcements comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of near-γ

TiAl and Al₂ Cu.

19. The composite material of claim 16, wherein the continuous matrix is selected from the group consisting of commercially pure Ti, Ti-6Al-4V and γ

-21S Ti.

20. The composite material of claim 19, wherein the intermetallic matrix of the composite reinforcements comprises near-γ

TiAl.

21. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the intermetallic matrix of the composite reinforcements has a melting temperature below the melting temperature of the continuous matrix.

22. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the ceramic particulates are formed in-situ within the intermetallic matrix of the composite reinforcements.

23. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the intermetallic matrix of the composite reinforcements comprises Al₃ Ti.

24. The composite material of claim 23, wherein a portion of the Al of the Al₃ Ti is substituted with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn and Fe.

25. The composite material of claim 24, wherein the ceramic particulates comprise TiB₂ and the continuous matrix comprises Ti or an alloy thereof.

26. A solid composite material comprising an elemental metal, metal alloy or intermetallic continuous matrix having composite reinforcements disposed therein, the composite reinforcements comprising an elemental metal, metal alloy or intermetallic matrix having a melting temperature below the melting temperature of the continuous matrix.

27. The composite material of claim 26, wherein the matrix of the composite reinforcements comprises an intermetallic.

28. The composite material of claim 27, wherein the intermetallic matrix of the composite reinforcements comprises an aluminide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Cu, Ni, Fe and combinations thereof.

29. The composite material of claim 26, wherein the composite reinforcements comprise ceramic particulates selected from the group consisting of transition metal borides, carbides, nitrides, silicides, sulfides and combinations thereof.

30. The composite material of claim 29, wherein the ceramic particulates are formed in-situ within the matrix of the composite reinforcements.