System for driving electric vehicles

• US 5,744,895 A
• Filed: 07/03/1996
• Issued: 04/28/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 01/31/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nippondenso Co., Ltd. (DENSO Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nippondenso Co., Ltd. (DENSO Corporation)
• Inventors: Yasuda, Akio, Seguchi, Masahiro, Kajiura, Hiroaki, Banzai, Keiichiro
• Primary Examiner(s): LaBalle, Clayton E.
• Application Number:
  US08/675,129
• Time in Patent Office: 664 Days
• Field of Search: 310/750, 310/112, 310/113, 310/114, 310/103, 310/105, 310/266, 310/75 D, 310/162, 290/12, 290/15, 290/17
• US Class Current: 310/266
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/04 characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing electric equipment or propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/16 of differential gearing
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2001/003 with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/26 characterised by the motors or the generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/365 with the gears having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/40 characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/405 Housings
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/448 Electrical distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/486 Operating parameters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/15 with additional electric power supply with capacitors charged by engine-driven generators B60L50/40; with batteries charged by engine-driven generators B60L50/61
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/105 Output torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/1061 Output power
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 51/00 Dynamo-electric gears, i.e. dynamo-electric means for transmitting mechanical power from a driving shaft to a driven shaft and comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2207/03 Double rotor motors or generators, i.e. electromagnetic transmissions having double rotor with motor and generator functions, e.g. for electrical variable transmission
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 : Engine management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/906 : Motor or generator
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/91 : Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/951 : Assembly or relative location of components
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/952 : Housing details

Abstract

A T-S converter is composed of a first rotor which has a first control coil, a second rotor and a stator which has a second control coil. The second rotor has a first magnetic field member (such as laminated sheets of ferromagnetic material) which supplies the first control coil with magnetic field and a second magnetic field member (such as laminated sheets of ferromagnetic material) which supplies the second control coil with magnetic field. The first and second control coils are energized to drive the second rotor to rotate at a set speed with a set torque according to vehicle running condition. The first and the second control coil are also energized to generate battery charging current when the vehicle speed is decreased and the second rotor is driven by the vehicle wheels.

Claims

1. A system for driving a vehicle which converts electric power of a battery and mechanical power of an engine into driving power of an output shaft at a prescribed rotating torque rotational speed, said system comprising:

a housing;

a bearing;

a first rotor having a first control coil supported by said bearing for generating a rotating magnetic field;

a stator having a second control coil for generating a rotating magnetic field; and

a second rotor disposed between said first rotor and said stator and having a first plurality of permanent magnets for providing magnetic field interlinking said first control coil and a second plurality of permanent magnets for providing magnetic field interlinking said second control coil, said second rotor disposed coaxially with said first rotor to rotatably support said first rotor through said bearing;

wherein said first rotor and said second rotor form a first electric synchronous machine, and said stator and said second rotor form a second electric synchronous machine.

2. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first rotor is connected to said engine and said second rotor is connected to said output shaft.

3. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second rotor is connected to said engine and said first rotor is connected to said output shaft.

4. A system as claimed in claims 1 further comprising a speed reduction means connected in series with said output shaft.

5. A system for converting electric power of a battery and mechanical power of an engine into driving power of an output shaft at a prescribed rotating torque and rotational speed, said system comprising:

a housing;

a first rotor having a first control coil;

a first stator fixed to said housing having a second control coil;

a second rotor disposed between said first rotor and said first stator and having a first magnetic member for providing magnetic field interlinking said first control coil and a second magnetic member for providing magnetic field interlinking said second control coil;

a first inverter, connected to said battery for controlling electric power to be supplied to said first control coil according to angular speed difference between said first and second rotors;

a second inverter, connected between said second control coil and said battery, for controlling electric power to be supplied to said second control coil according to torque generated between said first stator and said first rotor;

a second stator fixed to said housing and having a coil connected to said first inverter; and

a third rotor carried by said first rotor and disposed to couple with said second stator, said third rotor having a coil connected to said first control coil for transmitting said electric power controlled by said first inverter from said coil of said second stator to said first control coil.

6. A system as claimed in claim 5, wherein said first rotor and said second rotor composes a multi-phase electric rotary machine, said second rotor and said first stator composes a multi-phase rotary machine and said third rotor and said second stator composes a multi-phase rotary electric machine.

7. A system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said first rotor, said second rotor and said first stator are disposed coaxially with each other.

8. A system as claimed in claim 5 further comprising a multi-phase terminal and capacitors, wherein said first control coil and said coil of said third rotor are connected to said multi-phase terminal and one phase of said terminal is connected to another through one of said capacitor.

9. A system as claimed in claim 5 further comprising a multi-phase terminal including a neutral-point terminal and capacitors, wherein said first control coil and said coil of said third rotor are connected to said multiple phase terminals and each of said phase terminals is connected to said neutral point terminal through one of said capacitors.

10. A system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said first rotor, said second rotor and said first stator are disposed coaxially with each other on a common plane.

11. A system as claimed in claim 5, wherein at least one of said first and second magnetic members comprises permanent magnets.

12. A system for driving a vehicle which converts electric power of a battery and mechanical power of an engine into driving power of an output shaft at a prescribed rotating torque and rotational speed, said system comprising:

a housing;

a first rotor having a permanent magnet for providing a magnetic field;

a stator fixed to said housing and having a second control coil for providing a second rotating magnetic field;

a second rotor disposed between said first rotor and said stator and having a first control coil interlinking said magnetic field of said first rotor and a permanent magnet for providing a magnetic field interlinking said second control coil, said second rotor disposed coaxially with said first rotor to rotatably support said first rotor; and

means having slip rings fixed to said second rotor and brushes fixed to said housing for supplying electric power from said battery to said first coils;

wherein said first rotor and said second rotor form a first electric synchronous machine, and

said stator and said second rotor form a second electric synchronous machine.

13. A system as claimed in claim 12 further comprising:

first means for detecting rotational speed of said first rotor relative to said housing; and

second means for detecting rotational speed of said second rotor relative to said housing;

wherein said first and second means are disposed along an axis of said first rotor on an end of said first rotor opposite said slip rings.

14. A system as claimed in claim 12, wherein said second rotor includes a non-magnetic ring member disposed between said first control coil and said magnetic member and said magnetic member comprises a permanent magnet.

15. A system for driving a vehicle which converts electric power of a battery and mechanical power of an engine into driving power of an output shaft at a prescribed rotating torque and rotational speed, said system comprising:

a speed-torque converter having a housing, an input shaft disposed in said housing and connected to said engine, a first rotor having a first control coil, a stator fixed to said housing and having a second control coil disposed around said first rotor, a second rotor disposed between said stator and said first rotor and having a first permanent for generating magnetic field interlinking said first control coil and a second permanent magnet for generating magnetic field interlinking said second control coil, said output shaft disposed coaxially with said input shaft;

first means for detecting rotational positions of said first rotor and said second rotor;

second means, connected to said battery, said first control coil and said first means, for supplying said first control coil with electric current according to a difference in said rotational position between said first and second rotors; and

third means, connected to said battery, said second control coils and said first means, for supplying said second control coils with electric current according to said rotation of second rotors.

16. A system as claimed in claim 15, said first means detects absolute rotational speed of said first and second rotors.

17. A system as claimed in claim 15, wherein said first rotor has a plurality of salient teeth disposed to face said first magnetic member and said first control coil is composed of coils each of which is wound around one of said salient teeth in concentrated winding style.

18. A system as claimed in claim 17, wherein said first rotor has a plurality of multi-phase coils and ring-shaped terminal members connected to said multi-phase coils.

19. A system as claimed in claim 17, wherein said input shaft and said output shaft are disposed coaxially with each other.

20. A system as claimed in claim 17, wherein said first control coil comprises three-phase coils and said salient teeth are disposed on outer circumference of said first rotor so that three teeth are located in a two-pole pitch of said first magnetic member of said second rotor.

21. A system as claimed in claim 17 further comprising means for eliminating torque ripple of said second rotor.

22. A system as claimed in claim 21, wherein

said stator has twelve teeth in each two-pole pitch of said second magnetic member of said second rotor;

and

each of said phase coils of said second control coil is wound around each five teeth.

23. A system for driving a vehicle which converts electric power of a battery and mechanical power of an engine into driving power of an output shaft at a prescribed rotating torque and rotational speed, said system comprising:

a speed-torque converter having a housing, an input shaft disposed in said housing and connected to said engine, a first rotor having a first control coil, a stator fixed to said housing and having a second control coil disposed around said first rotor, a second rotor disposed between said stator and said first rotor and having a first ferro-magnetic member for generating a first magnetic field interlinking said first control coil and a second ferro-magnetic member for generating magnetic field interlinking said second control coil, said output shaft disposed coaxially with said input shaft;

wherein

said first and second ferro-magnetic members provide variable magnetic resistance to change inductances of said first and second control coils when they rotate;

thereby forming a pair of electric reluctance motors in combination with said first control coil and said second control coil.

24. A system as claimed in claim 23, wherein said first magnetic member and said first rotor compose a reluctance motor;

and

said second magnetic member and said stator compose another reluctance motor.

25. A system as claimed in claim 23, wherein said inductance of said first control coil has a maximum inductance and a minimum inductance and said maximum inductance is larger more than one and a half times of said minimum inductance, and

said inductance of said second control coil has a maximum inductance and a minimum inductance and said maximum inductance is larger more than one and a half times of said minimum inductance.

26. A system as claimed in claim 23, wherein said first and second magnetic member are made of magnetic material having permeability more than 2000.

27. A system as claimed in claim 23, wherein at least one of said first and second magnetic members comprises laminated ferromagnetic sheets.