Ultrasound transducer array with transmitter/receiver integrated circuitry

• US 5,744,898 A
• Filed: 11/19/1996
• Issued: 04/28/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 05/14/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Duke University
• Original Assignee: Duke University
• Inventors: Goldberg, Richard L., Smith, Stephen W., Davidsen, Richard E., Trahey, Gregg E.
• Primary Examiner(s): BUDD, MARK OSBORNE
• Application Number:
  US08/752,433
• Time in Patent Office: 525 Days
• Field of Search: 310/316, 310/317, 310/319, 310/334, 310/336, 310/337, 128/661.01, 128/662.03, 128/663.01, 73/642
• US Class Current: 310/334
• CPC Class Codes: B06B 1/064 with multiple active layers
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52017 particularly adapted to short-range imaging G01S7/53 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52079 Constructional features constructional features of transducers B06B; mounting transducers G10K11/00; constructional features of ultrasonic medical diagnostic devices A61B8/44
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/5208 with integration of processing functions inside probe or scanhead
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 17/00 Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers piezoelectric or electrostrictive elements in general H10N30/00; details of piezoelectric or electrostrictive motors, generators or positioners H10N30/00

Abstract

An ultrasonic transducer assembly is disclosed having both transmit and receive circuitry integral to the transducer assembly for generating and receiving ultrasonic pulses. The ultrasonic transducer array which is integral with the transducer assembly preferably includes multi-layer transducer elements as transmit elements of the array and may include single layer transducer elements as receive elements. Also disclosed is an ultrasonic scanner utilizing the transducer assembly with integral transmit and receive circuitry to reduce the amount and complexity of interconnections between the transducer assembly and a scanner rack.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising:

a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements, said plurality of transducer elements being comprised of a set of low impedance multilayer transmit transducer elements and a set of receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector;

a low voltage transmitter integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element, wherein said low voltage transmitter transmits voltages of about 15 V or less to said transmit elements; and

receive circuitry means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements.

15. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 1 wherein said transmitter further comprises:

transmit switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element; and

transmit amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and responsive to a trigger signal for providing a high voltage electrical signal to said transmit switching means to generate said ultrasonic pulse.

16. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 1 wherein said transmitter and said receive circuitry means are mounted in said transducer handle.

2. An ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising:

a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements, said plurality of transducer elements being comprised of a set of low impedance multilayer transmit transducer elements and a set of receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector, and wherein a plurality of said low impedance transmit elements comprise at least 5 layers to reduce the associated electrical impedance;

a low voltage transmitter integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element; and

receive circuitry means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements.

3. An ultrasonic transducer assembly according to claim 2 wherein said transducer assembly is a linear array transducer assembly and a plurality of said multi-layer transmit elements have an electrical impedance of about 12 Ohms or less at operating frequency.

4. An ultrasonic transducer assembly according to claim 2 wherein said transducer assembly is a 1.5D array transducer assembly and a plurality of said multi-layer transmit elements have an electrical impedance of about 40 Ohms or less at operating frequency.

5. An ultrasonic transducer assembly according to claim 2 wherein said transducer assembly is a 2D array transducer assembly and a plurality of said multi-layer transmit elements have an electrical impedance of about 200 Ohms or less at operating frequency.

17. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 2 wherein said transmitter further comprises:

transmit switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element; and

transmit amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and responsive to a trigger signal for providing a high voltage electrical signal to said transmit switching means to generate said ultrasonic pulse.

18. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 2 wherein said transmitter and said receive circuitry means are mounted in said transducer handle.

6. An ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising:

a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements to form an array of transducer elements, said array of transducer elements being comprised of a set of multilayer transmit transducer elements and a set of single layer receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector;

a transmitter integral with said transducer assembly for selectively providing a low voltage electrical signal to said transmit transducer elements to generate an ultrasonic pulse, wherein said transmitter transmits imaging pulse voltages of about 15 V or less to said transmit elements;

processing means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmitter for controlling said ultrasonic pulses;

receive switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements; and

receive amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive switching means for applying said selected electrical signal.

19. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 6 wherein said transmitter, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted in said transducer handle.

20. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 6 wherein said transmitter, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted on said connector.

7. An ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising:

a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements to form an array of transducer elements, said array of transducer elements being comprised of a set of multilayer transmit transducer elements and a set of single layer receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector, and wherein a plurality of said low impedance transmit elements comprise at least 5 layers to reduce the associated electrical impedance;

a transmitter integral with said transducer assembly for selectively providing a low voltage electrical signal to said transmit transducer elements to generate an ultrasonic pulse,

processing means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmitter for controlling said ultrasonic pulses;

receive switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements; and

receive amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive switching means for applying said selected electrical signal.

21. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 7 wherein said transmitter, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted in said transducer handle.

22. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 7 wherein said transmitter, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted on said connector.

8. An ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising:

a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements to form an array of transducer elements, said array of transducer elements being comprised of a set of multilayer transmit transducer elements and a set of single layer receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector;

a transmitter integral with said transducer assembly for selectively providing a low voltage electrical signal to said transmit transducer elements to generate an ultrasonic pulse;

processing means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmitter for controlling said ultrasonic pulses;

receive switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements; and

receive amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive switching means for applying said selected electrical signal, wherein said transducer assembly is a linear array transducer assembly and a plurality of said multi-layer transmit elements have an electrical impedance of about 12 Ohms or less at operating frequency.

23. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 8 wherein said transmitter, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted in said transducer handle.

24. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 8 wherein said transmitter, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted on said connector.

9. An ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising:

a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements to form an array of transducer elements, said array of transducer elements being comprised of a set of multilayer transmit transducer elements and a set of single layer receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector;

a transmitter integral with said transducer assembly for selectively providing a low voltage electrical signal to said transmit transducer elements to generate an ultrasonic pulse;

processing means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmitter for controlling said ultrasonic pulses;

receive switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements; and

receive amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive switching means for applying said selected electrical signal, wherein said transducer assembly is a 1.5D array transducer assembly and a plurality of said multi-layer transmit elements have an electrical impedance of about 40 Ohms or less at operating frequency.

25. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 9 wherein said transmitter, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted in said transducer handle.

26. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 9 wherein said transmitter, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted on said connector.

10. An ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising:

a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements to form an array of transducer elements, said array of transducer elements being comprised of a set of multilayer transmit transducer elements and a set of single layer receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector;

a transmitter integral with said transducer assembly for selectively providing a low voltage electrical signal to said transmit transducer elements to generate an ultrasonic pulse;

processing means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmitter for controlling said ultrasonic pulses;

receive switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements; and

receive amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive switching means for applying said selected electrical signal, wherein said transducer assembly is a 2D array transducer assembly and a plurality of said multi-layer transmit elements have an electrical impedance of about 200 Ohms or less at operating frequency.

27. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 10 wherein said transmitter, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted in said transducer handle.

28. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 10 wherein said transmitter, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted on said connector.

11. An ultrasonic scanner comprising:

an ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising;

(a) a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

(b) an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements, said plurality of transducer elements being comprised of a set of multi-layer transmit transducer elements and a set of receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector;

(c) a low voltage transmitter integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element, wherein said low voltage transmitter transmits transducer acoustic energizing voltages of about 15 V or less to said transmit elements; and

(d) receive circuitry means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements;

transmit processing means operably associated with said ultrasonic transducer assembly for controlling said ultrasonic pulses;

receive processing means operably associated with said ultrasonic transducer assembly for processing said electrical signals corresponding to said ultrasonic pulse received from said target to produce a display output signal; and

display means operably associated with said receive processing means for displaying said display output signal.

29. The ultrasonic scanner of claim 11 wherein said transmit circuitry means further comprises:

transmit switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element; and

transmit amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and responsive to a trigger signal for providing a high voltage electrical signal to said transmit switching means to generate said ultrasonic pulse.

30. The ultrasonic scanner claim 29 wherein said receive circuitry means comprises:

receive switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements; and

receive amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive switching means for amplifying said selected electrical signal.

31. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 30 wherein said transmit switching means, said transmit amplifier means, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted in said transducer handle.

32. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 30 wherein said transmit switching means, said transmit amplifier means, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted on said connector.

12. An ultrasonic scanner comprising:

an ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising;

(a) a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

(b) an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements, said plurality of transducer elements being comprised of a set of multi-layer transmit transducer elements and a set of receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector;

(c) a low voltage transmitter integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element; and

(d) receive circuitry means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements;

transmit processing means operably associated with said ultrasonic transducer assembly for controlling said ultrasonic pulses;

receive processing means operably associated with said ultrasonic transducer assembly for processing said electrical signals corresponding to said ultrasonic pulse received from said target to produce a display output signal; and

display means operably associated with said receive processing means for displaying said display output signal, wherein said transducer assembly is a linear array transducer assembly and a plurality of said multi-layer transmit elements have an electrical impedance of about 12 Ohms or less at operating frequency.

33. The ultrasonic scanner of claim 12 wherein said transmit circuitry means further comprises:

transmit switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element; and

transmit amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and responsive to a trigger signal for providing a high voltage electrical signal to said transmit switching means to generate said ultrasonic pulse.

34. The ultrasonic scanner claim 33 wherein said receive circuitry means comprises:

receive switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements; and

receive amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive switching means for amplifying said selected electrical signal.

35. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 34 wherein said transmit switching means, said transmit amplifier means, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted in said transducer handle.

36. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 34 wherein said transmit switching means, said transmit amplifier means, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted on said connector.

13. An ultrasonic scanner comprising:

an ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising;

(a) a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

(b) an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements, said plurality of transducer elements being comprised of a set of multi-layer transmit transducer elements and a set of receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector;

(c) a low voltage transmitter integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element; and

(d) receive circuitry means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements;

transmit processing means operably associated with said ultrasonic transducer assembly for controlling said ultrasonic pulses;

receive processing means operably associated with said ultrasonic transducer assembly for processing said electrical signals corresponding to said ultrasonic pulse received from said target to produce a display output signal; and

display means operably associated with said receive processing means for displaying said display output signal, wherein said transducer assembly is a 1.5D array transducer assembly and a plurality of said multi-layer transmit elements have an electrical impedance of about 40 Ohms or less at operating frequency.

37. The ultrasonic scanner of claim 13 wherein said transmit circuitry means further comprises:

transmit switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element; and

transmit amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and responsive to a trigger signal for providing a high voltage electrical signal to said transmit switching means to generate said ultrasonic pulse.

38. The ultrasonic scanner claim 37 wherein said receive circuitry means comprises:

receive switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements; and

receive amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive switching means for amplifying said selected electrical signal.

39. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 38 wherein said transmit switching means, said transmit amplifier means, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted in said transducer handle.

40. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 38 wherein said transmit switching means, said transmit amplifier means, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted on said connector.

14. An ultrasonic scanner comprising:

an ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising;

(a) a connector having an upper surface, a lower surface and an array of connector pads formed in said connector for electrically connecting said upper surface to said lower surface;

(b) an ultrasonic transducer chip mounted on said upper surface of said connector, said ultrasonic transducer chip being divided into a plurality of transducer elements, said plurality of transducer elements being comprised of a set of multi-layer transmit transducer elements and a set of receive transducer elements and wherein said ultrasonic transducer chip is mounted on said connector such that a plurality of transducer elements from said transmit set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector and a plurality of said receive set of transducer elements are electrically connected to said lower surface of said connector;

(c) a low voltage transmitter integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element; and

(d) receive circuitry means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements;

transmit processing means operably associated with said ultrasonic transducer assembly for controlling said ultrasonic pulses;

receive processing means operably associated with said ultrasonic transducer assembly for processing said electrical signals corresponding to said ultrasonic pulse received from said target to produce a display output signal; and

display means operably associated with said receive processing means for displaying said display output signal, wherein said transducer assembly is a 2D array transducer assembly and a plurality of said multi-layer transmit elements have an electrical impedance of about 200 Ohms or less at operating frequency.

41. The ultrasonic scanner of claim 14 wherein said transmit circuitry means further comprises:

transmit switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said transmit set of transducer elements for selectively providing an electrical signal to at least a preselected one of said transmit set of transducer elements to thereby generate an ultrasonic pulse from said preselected transducer element; and

transmit amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and responsive to a trigger signal for providing a high voltage electrical signal to said transmit switching means to generate said ultrasonic pulse.

42. The ultrasonic scanner claim 41 wherein said receive circuitry means comprises:

receive switching means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive set of transducer elements for selecting an electrical signal corresponding to an ultrasonic signal from a target received by a selected one of said receive set of transducer elements; and

receive amplifier means integral with said transducer assembly and operably associated with said receive switching means for amplifying said selected electrical signal.

43. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 42 wherein said transmit switching means, said transmit amplifier means, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted in said transducer handle.

44. The ultrasonic transducer assembly of claim 42 wherein said transmit switching means, said transmit amplifier means, said receive switching means and said receive amplifier means are mounted on said connector.