Battery residual capacity measuring apparatus and method for measuring open-circuit voltages as the battery starts and stops supplying power

• US 5,744,963 A
• Filed: 02/29/1996
• Issued: 04/28/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 03/03/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Yazaki Corporation
• Original Assignee: Yazaki Corporation
• Inventors: Takada, Yoshihide, Shimoyama, Kenichi, Arai, Youichi, Saigo, Tsutomu
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Vinh P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): DO, DIEP N
• Application Number:
  US08/609,128
• Time in Patent Office: 789 Days
• Field of Search: 320/426, 320/427, 320/428, 320/429, 320/433, 320/771, 320/48, 320/44, 340/636, 364/550, 364/551.01, 364/481
• US Class Current: 324/427
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/10 for monitoring or controlling batteries
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/36 Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/367 Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

While a power source is being supplied from a sub-battery by a voltage-current change trend calculating section, the voltage-current change trend calculating section collects currents from a battery and terminal voltages. A voltage-current approximate straight line calculating section obtains an approximately linear function, and a battery residual capacity calculating section obtains a residual capacity voltage based upon the approximately linear function and open-circuit voltages. A current storage stop discriminating section integrates the currents while the residual capacity voltage is lower than a previous residual capacity voltage, and when supplying from the sub-battery is stopped, obtains total capacity according to the open-circuit voltages at the stop and supplying and according to the integrated currents.

Claims

1. A battery residual capacity measuring apparatus, comprising:

a voltage-current change trend calculating section for while a battery is supplying power, collecting currents from the battery and terminal voltages of the battery;

a voltage-current approximate straight line calculating section for while the battery is supplying power, calculating an approximately linear function based upon the collected currents and the terminal voltages;

a battery residual capacity calculating section for measuring open-circuit voltages of the battery when the battery starts or stops supplying power so as to calculate and display a residual capacity according to a residual capacity voltage based upon the approximate linear function, and according to a total current capacity of the battery while the battery is supplying power; and

a current storage stop discriminating section for, only while the residual capacity voltage is lower than a previous residual capacity voltage, integrating the currents so as to obtain and store the total current capacity according to the open-circuit voltage measured when the battery stops supplying power, and according to the open-circuit voltage due to the integrated currents and due to the start of supplying the power when the supply of power is stopped.

2. The battery residual capacity measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said current storage stop discriminating section integrates the currents from the battery as the terminal voltages and the currents are collected, when the residual capacity voltage becomes higher than the previous residual capacity voltage, stops the integration of the currents, and when the residual capacity voltage recovers to the level of the previous residual capacity voltage, restarts the integration of the currents.

3. The battery residual capacity measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said residual capacity calculating section obtains a straight line containing an open-circuit voltage axis and a total capacity axis of the power source according to the open-circuit voltages, and when an area of the region surrounded by the straight line does not correspond to a region of the integrated currents, compensates the straight line based upon the area of the integrated currents so as to store an region surrounded by the compensated straight line as current total capacity of the battery.

4. The battery residual capacity measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the supplying or stopping of power is judged by an auxiliary power source, the power is supplied or stopped by an operation of an ignition key, and when the ignition key is turned off, the supplying of power is not stopped until at least the voltage of the auxiliary power source has the same level as the open-circuit voltage.

5. A method for measuring residual capacity in a battery, comprising the steps of:

collecting currents and terminal voltages for the battery while it is supplying power to a load;

calculating an approximately linear function based upon the collected currents and terminal voltages;

measuring open circuit voltages of the battery when the battery starts or stops supplying power to the load to calculate a residual capacity according to a residual capacity voltage based upon the approximately linear function;

integrating the currents only while the residual capacity voltage is lower than a previous residual capacity voltage; and

obtaining the total capacity according to the open circuit voltage measured when the battery stops supplying power, and according to the open circuit voltage due to the integrated currents, and due to the start of supplying power when the supply of power is stopped.

6. A battery residual capacity measuring method which includes measuring open-circuit voltages of a battery when the power supply from the battery to an electrical load is started and stopped, and collecting current data from the battery and terminal voltage data of the battery while the power is supplied from the battery to the electrical load, thereby obtaining an approximately linear function so as to calculate and display residual capacity according to a residual capacity voltage based upon the approximately linear function and current total battery capacity obtained by the open-circuit voltages and the current data, said method further comprising the steps of:

integrating the current data only while the residual capacity voltage is lower than a previous residual capacity voltage; and

obtaining the total capacity according to the open-circuit voltage when the supply of the power for the electrical load is stopped, the integrated current data, and the open-circuit voltage when the supply of the power for the electrical load is started.