Current regulating switch circuit

• US 5,747,973 A
• Filed: 12/11/1996
• Issued: 05/05/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 12/11/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Shop-Vac Corporation (Hangzhou Great Star Industrial Company Limited)
• Original Assignee: Shop-Vac Corporation (Hangzhou Great Star Industrial Company Limited)
• Inventors: Robitaille, James M., Crevling, Robert L. Jr., Baer, Mark E.
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, MATTHEW VAN
• Application Number:
  US08/763,805
• Time in Patent Office: 510 Days
• Field of Search: 323/237, 323/239, 323/266, 323/267, 323/908, 307/12, 307/32, 307/36, 307/38, 307/39
• US Class Current: 323/239
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 1/45 being controlled rectifiers in series with the load
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/14 Balancing the load in a network
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/2573 with control circuit

Abstract

A regulating switch circuit for conditioning operation of a first load upon operation of a second load wherein the first load and the second load consume electrical energy from a power source includes a detecting means for detecting the operation of the second load and a sensing means for sensing an amount a parameter of the electrical energy supplied to at least one of the first and second loads exceeds a predetermined level. A load control device couples at least one of the first and second loads to the power source wherein the load control device has a control terminal. A control circuit is coupled to the control terminal of the load control device and is responsive to the sensing means and the detecting means to variably adjust the electrical energy supplied by the power source to at least one of the first and second loads to limit the parameter of the electrical energy to the predetermined level.

Claims

1. A regulating switch circuit for conditioning operation of a first load upon operation of a second load wherein the first load and the second load consume electrical energy from a power source, the regulating switch circuit comprising:

means for detecting the operation of the second load;

means for sensing an amount that a parameter of the electrical energy supplied to at least one of the first and second loads exceeds a predetermined level;

a load control device coupling at least one of the first and second loads to the power source, wherein the load control device has a control terminal; and

a control circuit coupled to the control terminal of the load control device and responsive to the sensing means and the detecting means to variably adjust the electrical energy supplied by the power source to at least one of the first and second loads to limit the parameter of the electrical energy to the predetermined level.

2. The regulating switch circuit of claim 1, wherein the sensing means comprises means for developing a correction signal having a voltage magnitude representative of the amount the parameter of the electrical energy exceeds the predetermined level.

3. The regulating switch circuit of claim 2, wherein the sensing means further comprises a current transformer disposed between the power source and the first and second loads such that the parameter of electrical energy sensed is a total magnitude of current drawn from the power source.

4. The regulating switch circuit of claim 3, wherein:

the load control device comprises a triac which couples the first load to the power source in accordance with a duty cycle of the triac; and

the control terminal of the load control device comprises a gate terminal of the triac.

5. The regulating switch circuit of claim 4, wherein:

the first load is a vacuum motor for a vacuum cleaner device having a power outlet for coupling the second load to the power source wherein the second load is a power tool;

a switch coupled to the power outlet and the vacuum motor having a first position wherein the vacuum motor operates independently of the power tool and the power tool is not activated, a second position wherein the operation of the vacuum motor is conditioned upon the operation of the power tool, and a third position wherein neither the vacuum motor nor the power tool is activated; and

a further triac having a gate terminal coupled to the switch to supply current to the gate terminal of the first-named triac when the switch is in the first position.

6. The regulating switch circuit of claim 5, wherein the control circuit comprises a transistor having a base electrode coupled to the correction signal developing means wherein the transistor is conductive to an extent determined by the voltage magnitude of the correction signal such that the control circuit variably adjusts the duty cycle of the first-named triac to limit the total magnitude of current drawn from the power source.

7. The regulating switch circuit of claim 6, wherein the control circuit further comprises:

an optoisolator having first and second portions wherein the second portion is coupled to the gate terminal of the first-named triac;

a unijunction transistor coupled to the first portion of the optoisolator wherein the unijunction transistor has an emitter electrode;

a diode coupling a collector electrode of the transistor to the emitter electrode of the unijunction transistor; and

a capacitor coupled to the emitter electrode of the unijunction transistor.

8. The regulating switch circuit of claim 7, wherein the sensing means further comprises:

means for amplifying the signal representative of the total magnitude of current to develop an amplified signal; and

means coupled to the amplifying means for converting the amplified signal to a varying DC signal;

wherein the correction signal developing means comprises means for comparing the varying DC signal with a fixed reference signal.

9. The regulating switch circuit of claim 8, wherein the detecting means includes:

a further current transformer for developing a signal representative of a magnitude of current flowing from the power source to the power tool; and

a rectifier coupled to the further current transformer to develop a rectified signal representative of the magnitude of current flowing from the power source to the power tool.

10. The regulating switch of claim 9, wherein the detecting means further includes:

a filter/amplifier circuit coupled to the rectifier to develop an amplified DC signal representative of the magnitude of current flowing from the power source to the power tool;

a comparator circuit for comparing the amplified DC signal with a further fixed reference signal; and

a further transistor connected in parallel with the first-named transistor, wherein the further transistor has a base electrode coupled to the comparator circuit and is responsive to a signal developed thereby to enable the control circuit.

11. A regulating switch circuit for conditioning operation of a first load upon operation of a second load wherein the first and second loads draw a total magnitude of current from a power source, the regulating switch circuit comprising:

means for detecting the operation of the second load;

means for developing a correction signal having a voltage magnitude representative of an amount that the total magnitude of current exceeds a predetermined level;

a switching device coupling the first load to the power source in accordance with a duty cycle of the switching device, wherein the switching device has a control terminal; and

a phase control circuit coupled to the control terminal of the switching device and responsive to the correction signal and the detecting means to variably adjust the duty cycle of the switching device to limit the total magnitude of current to the predetermined level.

12. The regulating switch circuit of claim 11, wherein the developing means comprises:

a current transformer for developing a signal representative of the total magnitude of current;

an amplifier responsive to the signal representative of the total magnitude of current to develop an amplified signal representative of the total magnitude of current;

an AC-to-DC converter coupled to the amplifier to develop a varying DC signal representative of the total magnitude of current; and

a summer responsive to the varying DC signal and a reference signal for developing the correction signal.

13. The regulating switch circuit of claim 12, wherein the amplifier and the summer comprise first and second op-amp circuits, respectively.

14. The regulating switch circuit of claim 13, wherein the first op-amp circuit includes a variable resistor disposed in a feedback path for fine-tuning the developing means to zero the correction signal when the total magnitude of current equals the predetermined level.

15. The regulating switch circuit of claim 14, wherein the phase control circuit includes:

an optoisolator having an input portion and an output portion wherein the output portion is coupled to the control terminal of the switching device;

a transistor having a collector electrode and a base electrode coupled to the developing means such that the transistor is conductive to an extent determined by the voltage magnitude of the correction signal;

a unijunction transistor coupled to the input portion of the optoisolator, wherein the unijunction transistor has an emitter electrode;

a diode coupling the collector electrode of the transistor to the emitter electrode of the unijunction transistor; and

a capacitor coupled to the emitter electrode of the unijunction transistor.

16. The regulating switch circuit of claim 15, wherein the detecting means includes:

a further current transformer for developing a signal representative of a magnitude of current flowing from the power source to the second load;

a rectifier coupled to the further current transformer to develop a rectified signal representative of the magnitude of current flowing from the power source to the second load;

a third op-amp circuit coupled to the rectifier to develop an amplified and rectified signal;

a fourth op-amp circuit coupled to the third op-amp circuit to compare the amplified and rectified signal with a fixed reference signal; and

a further transistor connected in parallel with the first-named transistor, wherein the further transistor has a base electrode coupled to the fourth op-amp circuit and is responsive to a signal developed thereby to enable the phase control circuit.

17. The regulating switch circuit of claim 16, wherein the switching device is a triac and the control terminal of the switching device is a gate terminal of the triac.

18. The regulating switch circuit of claim 11, wherein the first load is a vacuum motor for a vacuum cleaner having a power outlet for powering the second load and wherein the second load is a power tool.

19. A regulating switch circuit for conditioning operation of a first load upon operation of a second load wherein the first and second loads draw a total magnitude of current from a power source, the regulating switch circuit comprising:

a triac coupling the first load to the power source to an extent determined by a duty cycle of the triac;

a first current sensor disposed between the power source and the first and second loads wherein the first current sensor generates a signal representative of the total magnitude of current;

a second current sensor coupling the second load to the power source;

a summer coupled to the first current sensor;

a phase control circuit responsive to both the summer and the second current sensor for variably adjusting the duty cycle of the triac to an extent necessary to limit the total magnitude of current to a predetermined level.

20. The regulating switch circuit of claim 19, wherein:

the summer develops a correction signal having a voltage magnitude; and

the phase control circuit includes a transistor having a base electrode coupled to the summer such that the transistor is conductive to an extent determined by the voltage magnitude of the correction signal.

21. The regulating switch circuit of claim 20, further comprising:

an outlet for coupling the second load to the power source;

a switch coupled to the outlet and the first load having a first position wherein the first load operates independently of the second load and the second load is not activated, a second position wherein operation of the first load is conditioned upon operation of the second load, and a third position wherein neither of the first and second loads is activated.

22. The regulating switch circuit of claim 21, further comprising:

a rectifier coupled to the switch for developing pulsating DC power for the second current sensor, the summer, and the phase control circuit when the switch is in the second position; and

an optoisolator coupling the output of the phase control circuit to a gate terminal of the triac, wherein the rectifier and the optoisolator isolate the second current sensor, the summer and the phase control circuit from the power source but allow the phase control circuit to be synchronized with the power source.

23. The regulating switch circuit of claim 22, further comprising:

a further triac having a gate terminal coupled to the switch to supply current to the gate terminal of the first-named triac when the switch is in the first position.

24. The regulating switch circuit of claim 23, wherein the second current sensor further includes:

a current transformer coupling the second load to the power source;

a further rectifier coupled to the current transformer;

an amplifier circuit coupled to the further rectifier;

a comparator circuit coupled to the amplifier circuit; and

a further transistor connected in parallel with the first-named transistor, wherein the further transistor is responsive to a signal developed by the comparator circuit to enable the phase control circuit.

25. The regulating switch circuit of claim 24, wherein the phase control circuit further includes:

a unijunction transistor coupled to the gate terminal of the first-named triac by the optoisolator;

a diode coupling a collector of the first-named transistor to an emitter electrode of the unijunction transistor; and

a capacitor coupled to the emitter electrode of the unijunction transistor.

26. The regulating switch circuit of claim 25, wherein the summer is coupled to the first current sensor by a further amplifier circuit and an AC-to-DC converter.