Spa halogen generator and method of operating

• US 5,759,384 A
• Filed: 05/13/1996
• Issued: 06/02/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Balboa Water Group Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Bioquest, Co.
• Inventors: Silveri, Michael A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Valentine, Donald R.
• Application Number:
  US08/645,034
• Time in Patent Office: 750 Days
• Field of Search: 204/273, 204/268, 204/212, 204/228, 204/225, 204/293, 204/290 F, 204/290 R, 205/743, 205/744, 205/215
• US Class Current: 205/743
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/008 Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/46104 Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/46109 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/4674 with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/46119 Cleaning the electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/46123 Movable electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/46128 Bipolar electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/46142 Catalytic coating
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/46152 characterised by the shape or form electrodes in particulate form or with conductive or non-conductive particles between them C02F1/46114
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2103/42 from bathing facilities, e.g. swimming pools
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2201/4611 Fluid flow
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2201/4612 Controlling or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2201/4615 Time
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/006 comprising a software program or a logic diagram
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/04 Oxidation reduction potential [ORP]
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2301/024 Turbulent

Abstract

A halogen generator produces a halogen sanitizing agent to sanitize water in a spa or other water feature. A coaxial wall fitting desirably couples the halogen generator to the water feature. The halogen generator desirably includes a bipolar electrolytic cell in which a center electrode plate rotates between stationary anode and cathode plates. The bipolar electrode includes a plurality of vanes which motivate water flow between the anode and the cathode. The vanes on the rotating electrode also produce a flow of water through the generator. In this manner, the bipolar electrode functions as a impeller to pump water through the halogen generator. The vanes are positioned between the electrode and cathode, and are sufficiently spaced from the cathode to inhibit scale formation on the cathode. The vanes, however, generally do not contact the cathode when rotating. The rotational direction of the electrode relative to the cathode may be reversed periodically and/or the gap spacing between electrode and the cathode may be decreased periodically to enhance removal of scale.

Claims

1. A halogen generator for producing a halogen sanitizing agent in a body of water of a water feature, said generator comprising a cathode and an anode which are spaced apart from each other within a housing, said cathode and anode having planar shapes, and a least one vane positioned between said cathode and anode, said vane and said cathode being supported to rotate relative to each other with said vane being sufficiently closely spaced to said cathode to inhibit scale formation on said cathode but not contacting said cathode, said vane adapted for rotation about an axis which is normal to the plane of said cathode.

2. A halogen generator as in claim 1 additionally comprising an impeller which is positioned between said anode and said cathode and is mounted to rotate relative to said cathode and said anode, said impeller carrying a plurality of said vanes.

3. A halogen generator as in claim 1, wherein said vane is spaced from said cathode by a distance within the range of about 0.010 to about 0.050 inches.

4. A halogen generator as in claim 3, wherein said vane is spaced from said cathode by a distance ranging between about 0.010 and about 0.030 inches.

5. A halogen generator as in claim 1, wherein said cathode and said anode both have disc-like shapes with generally equal diameters.

6. A halogen generator as in claim 5, wherein said cathode is formed of an electrically conductive, corrosion resistant material of a thickness ranging between about 0.020 and about 0.250 inches.

7. A halogen generator as in claim 6, wherein said cathode is formed of 316L Stainless Steel with a sheet thickness of about 0.032 inches.

8. A halogen generator as in claim 6, wherein said cathode has a generally polished surface on a side facing said vane with a Ra surface finish ranging between 8 and 16.

9. A halogen generator as in claim 5, wherein said anode is formed of an electrically conductive, corrosion resistant material with a catalytic coating and a sheet thickness ranging between about 0.020 and about 0.250 inches.

10. A halogen generator as in claim 9, wherein said anode is formed of titanium with a sheet thickness of about 0.060 inches coated with at least one precious metal oxide.

11. A halogen generator as in claim 1, wherein said vane is arranged to rotate over a flat plate of said cathode which generally is rotationally fixed relative to said vane.

12. A halogen generator as in claim 11, wherein said cathode plate is movable in a direction generally normal to said plate to vary the spacing between said cathode plate and said vane.

13. A halogen generator as in claim 12, wherein said cathode plate is movable from a first position in which said vane is spaced from said cathode plate by a first distance which is at least 0.030, to a second position in which said vane is spaced from said cathode plate by a second distance, said second distance being smaller than said first distance.

14. A halogen generator as in claim 13, wherein said cathode plate is in said first distance with said vane rotating at a first rotational speed and in said second distance with said vane rotating at a second rotational speed, said second rotational speed being greater than said first rotational speed.

15. A halogen generator as in claim 14, wherein said cathode plate is connected to a biasing mechanism which biases said cathode plate to lie in said first position when said vanes rotate at said first rotational speed.

16. A halogen generator for producing a halogen sanitizing agent in a body of water of a water feature, said generator comprising a cathode and an anode which are spaced apart from each other within a housing, and an impeller positioned between said anode and said cathode and mounted to rotate relative to said anode and said cathode, said impeller adapted to rotate in a first rotational direction relative to said cathode and in an opposite second rotational direction relative to said cathode, said impeller carrying at least one vane being supported to rotate relative to said cathode while being sufficiently closely spaced to said cathode to inhibit scale formation on said cathode but generally not contacting said cathode.

17. A halogen generator as in claim 16, wherein said vanes are configured to propel water through said housing when said impeller rotates in said first rotational direction.

18. A halogen generator for producing a halogen sanitizing agent in a body of water of a water feature, said generator comprising a cathode and an anode which are spaced apart from each other within a housing, and an impeller positioned between said anode and said cathode and mounted to rotate relative to said anode and said cathode, said impeller comprising a first electrode surface facing said cathode and a second electrode surface facing said anode, said first and second electrode surfaces electrically communicating with each other, said impeller carrying at least one vane being supported on said first side of said electrode plate to rotate relative to said cathode while being sufficiently closely spaced to said cathode to inhibit scale formation on said cathode but generally not contacting said cathode.

19. A halogen generator as in claim 18, wherein said impeller comprises an electrode plate with said first electrode surface being formed on a first side of said plate and said second electrode surface being formed on an opposite second side of said electrode plate.

20. A halogen generator as in claim 18, wherein said vanes are formed of a non-conductive material.

21. A halogen generator as in claim 18, wherein said first electrode surface and said cathode are spaced apart by about 0.150 inches and said vanes and said cathode are spaced apart by about 0.010 to 0.030 inches.

22. A halogen generator as in claim 21, wherein said second electrode surface and said anode are spaced apart by about 0.150 inches.

23. A halogen generator for producing a halogen sanitizing agent in a body of water of a water feature, said generator comprising a cathode and an anode which are spaced apart from each other within a housing, and an impeller positioned between said anode and said cathode and mounted to rotate relative to said anode and said cathode, said impeller carrying at least one vane being supported to rotate relative to said cathode while being sufficiently closely spaced to said cathode to inhibit scale formation on said cathode but generally not contacting said cathode, said cathode being movable with respect to said impeller between a first position, in which said cathode is spaced from said impeller by a first distance, and a second position, in which said cathode is spaced from said impeller by a second distance, said first distance being greater than said second distance.

24. A halogen generator as in claim 23 additionally comprising a biasing mechanism which biases said cathode to lie in said first position, yet permits said cathode to move between said first and second positions.

25. A halogen generator as in claim 24, wherein said biasing mechanism comprises a spring which supports said cathode adjacent to said impeller.

26. A halogen generator as in claim 25, wherein said spring circumscribes a centrally positioned hole of said cathode, and supports a terminal post over said cathode hole while electrically connecting said terminal post to said cathode.

27. A halogen generator as in claim 23, wherein said cathode lies in said first position with said impeller turning at a first rotational speed and lies in said second position with said impeller turning at a second rotational speed, said second rotational speed being greater than said first rotational speed.

28. A halogen generator as in claim 23, wherein said first distance generally ranges between about 0.03 to about 0.1 inches, and said second distance generally ranges about 0.03 inches to 0.01 inches.

29. A halogen generator for producing a halogen sanitizing agent in a body of water of a water feature, said generator comprising a cathode and an anode which are spaced apart from each other within a housing, and a least one vane positioned between said cathode and anode, said vane and said cathode being supported to rotate relative to each other with said vane being sufficiently closely spaced to said cathode to inhibit scale formation on said cathode but generally not contacting said cathode, said vane being attached to said anode.

30. A halogen generator as in claim 29, wherein said cathode and anode are spaced apart by a distance of about 0.150 inches.

31. A halogen generator for producing a halogen sanitizing agent in a body of water feature, said halogen generator comprising a bipolar cell including at least one electrode positioned between an outer anode and outer cathode, said electrode being mounted to rotate relative to said anode and said cathode and being spaced from said cathode by a distance generally not greater than 0.15 inch so as to inhibit scale formation on said cathode without contacting said cathode, and a source of electricity connected to said anode and said cathode without connection to said rotary electrode.

32. A halogen generator as in claim 31, wherein said anode includes a stationary baffle which extends within the space between electrode and said anode.

33. A halogen generator as in claim 32, wherein said electrode is spaced from said anode by a distance ranging between about 0.075 and about 0.15 inches.

34. A halogen generator as in claim 32, wherein said baffle is spaced from said electrode by a distance ranging between about 0.03 and about 0.1 inches.

35. A halogen generator as in claim 31, wherein said cathode, anode and electrode all have disc-like shapes with generally equal diameters.

36. A halogen generator as in claim 35, wherein said cathode, anode and electrode all have a diameter equal to about 2.5 inches.

37. A halogen generator as in claim 31, wherein said cathode includes an electrically conductive, corrosion resistant plate having a thickness of about 0.032 inches.

38. A halogen generator as in claim 37, wherein said plate of said cathode is polished at least on one side, having a Ra surface finish of about 8 to about 16.

39. A halogen generator as in claim 31, wherein said anode includes an electrically conductive, corrosion resistant plate having a thickness of about 0.06 inches and is coated on at least one side with a precious metal oxide coating.

40. A halogen generator as in claim 31, wherein said electrode includes an electrically conductive, corrosion resistant plate having a thickness of about 0.06 inches with a precious metal oxide coating.

41. A halogen generator as in claim 31, wherein said cathode is movable in a direction toward said electrode to vary the spacing between said cathode and said electrode.

42. A halogen generator as in claim 41, wherein said cathode is movable from a first position in which said electrode is spaced from said cathode by a first distance which is at least 0.075 inch, to a second position in which said electrode is spaced from said cathode by a second distance, said second distance being smaller than said first distance.

43. A halogen generator as in claim 42, wherein said cathode is in said first distance with said electrode rotating at a first rotational speed and in said second distance with said electrode rotating at a second rotational speed, said second rotational speed being greater than said first rotational speed.

44. A halogen generator as in claim 43, wherein said cathode is connected to a biasing mechanism which biases said cathode to lie in said first position when said electrode rotates at said first rotational speed.

45. A halogen generator as in claim 31, wherein said electrode is spaced from said cathode by a distance with ranges from about 0.075 inches to about 0.15 inches.

46. A halogen generator for producing a halogen sanitizing agent in a body of water of a water feature, said halogen generator comprising a bipolar cell including at least one electrode positioned between an outer anode and outer cathode, said electrode being mounted to rotate relative to said anode and said cathode, and a source of electricity connected to said anode and said cathode without connection to said rotary electrode, wherein said electrode includes a plurality of vanes which face said cathode, said vanes being configured to circulate water between said electrode and said anode and cathode.

47. A halogen generator as in claim 46, wherein said vanes are spaced sufficiently close to said cathode to inhibit scale formation on said cathode, but generally not to contact said cathode.

48. A halogen generator as in claim 47, wherein said vanes are spaced from said cathode by a distance which ranges between about 0.03 and about 0.1 inches.

49. A halogen generator as in claim 48, wherein said electrode is spaced from said cathode by a distance with ranges between about 0.075 and about 0.15 inches.

50. A halogen generator as in claim 46, wherein said vanes are formed of a non-conductive material.

51. A halogen generator as in claim 46, wherein said cathode is movable in a direction toward said electrode to vary the spacing between said cathode and said vanes on said electrode.

52. A halogen generator as in claim 51, wherein said cathode is movable from a first position in which said vanes are spaced from said cathode by a first distance which is at least 0.030 inch, to a second position in which said vanes are spaced from said cathode by a second distance, said second distance being smaller than said first distance.

53. A halogen generator as in claim 52, wherein said cathode is in said first distance with said vanes rotating at a first rotational speed and in said second distance with said vanes rotating at a second rotational speed, said second rotational speed being greater than said first rotational speed.

54. A halogen generator as in claim 53, wherein said cathode is connected to a biasing mechanism which biases said cathode to lie in said first position when said electrode rotates at said first rotational speed.

55. A method of operating a halogen generator having an electrolytic cell mounted in a water circulation line of a water feature, said method involving the steps of:

producing a flow of water within the water circulation line and across a sensor;

sensing the ionic potential of the water within the water circulation line;

determining whether said sensed ionic potential is below a desired preset ionic potential level;

generating an activation signal if said sensed ionic potential is less than said preset ionic potential level;

energizing said electrolytic cell in response to said activation signal; and

producing a water flow through said electrolytic cell while said electrolytic cell is energized.

56. The method of claim 55, such that said step of determining whether said sensed ionic potential is below a desired preset ionic potential level takes place only when said electrolytic cell is de-energized.

57. The method of claim 56, such that said step of determining whether said sensed ionic potential is below a desired preset ionic potential level takes place periodically at desired preset detection time intervals.

58. The method of claim 57, further comprising the step of de-energizing the electrolytic cell after said energizing step has lasted for a desired preset activation time interval.

59. The method of claim 58, further comprising the step of providing an LED display to indicate when the electrolytic cell is energized and when said electrolytic cell is de-energized.

60. A halogen generator for producing a halogen sanitizing agent in a body of water of a water feature, said generator comprising a first electrode and an impeller which have generally parallel, opposing surfaces, said impeller being rotatable to motivate water flow between said electrode and said impeller, and being sufficiently closely spaced to said electrode to inhibit scale formation on said electrode without contacting said electrode, said surface of said impeller lying generally parallel to said surface of said electrode as said impeller rotates relative to said electrode.

61. A halogen generator as in claim 60, wherein said electrode comprises a cathode.

62. A halogen generator as in claim 61, wherein said surface of said impeller is an electrode coupled to a source of electricity so as to function as an anode of said generator.

63. A halogen generator as in claim 61, wherein said impeller comprises at least one vane attached to said surface of said impeller facing said cathode.

64. A halogen generator as in claim 63, wherein said electrode surface and said impeller surface are spaced apart by about 0.15 inches.

65. A halogen generator as in claim 63, wherein said vane and said electrode surface are spaced apart by a distance within the range from 0.010 inches to 0.030 inches.

66. A halogen generator as in claim 60, wherein said electrode comprises an anode and said impeller comprises a cathode.

67. A halogen generator as in claim 60 additionally comprising a second electrode positioned generally parallel to said impeller on a side of said impeller opposite of said first electrode.

68. A halogen generator as in claim 67, wherein said first electrode is a cathode and said second electrode is an anode.

69. A halogen generator as in claim 68, wherein said impeller comprises a first electrode surface facing said cathode and a second electrode surface facing said anode, said first and second electrode surfaces of said impeller electrically communicating with each other.