Oil absorbent fibrous granules

• US 5,763,083 A
• Filed: 04/26/1996
• Issued: 06/09/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 04/26/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Berrigan, Michael R.
• Primary Examiner(s): LE, HOA T
• Application Number:
  US08/638,265
• Time in Patent Office: 774 Days
• Field of Search: 428/402, 428/403, 428/404, 428/364, 428/373, 428/374, 428/401
• US Class Current: 428/402
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28004 Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28011 Other properties, e.g. density, crush strength
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28023 Fibres or filaments fibres or filaments in the form of membranes B01J20/28038; B01J20/28007 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28028 Particles immobilised within fibres or filaments
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/2803 Sorbents comprising a binder, e.g. for forming aggregated, agglomerated or granulated products
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/681 by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 3/32 for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2929 Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2931 Fibers or filaments nonconcentric [e.g., side-by-side or eccentric, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/298 Physical dimension
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2982 Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]

Abstract

There is provided a cellulosic-based fiber granule with added non self-associating particulates or fibers. The resulting granule is free-flowing with a densified outer surface and is capable of removing substantially all oil from a flat surface such as a floor. The granule is also capable of being incinerated by being formed substantially of organic materials. Cellulosic plant fibers form at least 10 percent up to 99 percent of the granule. There is also provided a method for forming the incineratable oil an absorbent, free-flowing granules.

Claims

1. Free flowing incineratable absorbent granules comprising cellulosic plant fibers and substantially water and oil insoluble non-self associating fibers having an aspect ratio greater than 3 or substantially water and oil insoluble non-self associating and non-film forming particulates having an aspect ratio less than 3, said granules having an oil Surface Residue Value of less than 0.5 grams, an average density of from about 0.15 to 0.5 grams per cubic centimeter and are free flowing.

2. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 comprising 10 to 99 weight percent self associating cellulosic plant fibers and 1 to 90 weight percent non-film forming and non-self associating particulates.

3. The free flowing absorbent granule of claim 2 wherein the total weight percent of any inorganic materials forming the granules is less than 36 weight percent of the granules.

4. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 2 wherein the non-self associating particulates have an average diameter of from 2 to 250 micrometers and comprise 1 to 50 weight percent of the granules.

5. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 4 wherein the particulates have an average diameter of from 5 to 200 micrometers.

6. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 wherein the granules have an average diameter of from 0.1 to 8 millimeters.

7. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 wherein the granules have an average diameter of from 0.5 to 6 millimeters.

8. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 comprising 99 to 10 weight percent of self associating cellulosic plant fibers and 1 to 90 weight percent of non-self associating fibers having an average aspect ratio of greater than 3, wherein the ratio of the average narrowest width of the formed granule to the average length of the non-self associating fibers (LW-Ratio) is from 1.1 to 1200.

9. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 8 comprising 98 to 50 weight percent of self associating cellulosic plant fibers and 2 to 50 weight percent of non-self associating fibers having an aspect ratio of greater than 3 wherein the LW ratio is from 1.2 to 50.

10. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 9 wherein less than 10 percent of the non-self associating fibers are more than 50 percent longer than the average fiber length providing an LW ratio of 1.1.

11. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 10 wherein less than 10 percent of the non-self associating fibers are more than 30 percent longer than the average fiber length providing an LW ratio of 1.1.

12. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 9 wherein the granules have a densified, smooth outer surface with substantially no fibers protruding more than 1.0 mm from the densified smooth outer surface of substantially all the granules.

13. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 12 wherein the non-self associating fibers protrude by less than 0.5 mm on average from the densified granule surface.

14. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 9 wherein the non-self associating fibers constitute 1 to 70 percent by weight of the granules.

15. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 14 wherein the non-self associating fibers constitute 1 to 40 percent by weight of the granules.

16. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 9 wherein the average density of the granules is from 0.2 to 0.45 grams per cubic centimeter.

17. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 9 wherein the average density of the granules is from 0.3 to 0.45 grams per cubic centimeter.

18. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 8 wherein the total amount of any inorganic fibers forming the granules is less than 36 weight percent of the granules.

19. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 8 wherein the cellulosic plant fibers are of a size of less than 10 mm.

20. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 8 wherein the plant fibers are wood pulp fibers and the non-self associating fibers are synthetic organic fibers having an average fiber diameter of greater than 1 micrometer.

21. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 20 wherein the non-self associating fibers constitute 1 to 25 percent by weight of the granules.

22. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 wherein the plant fibers are wood pulp fibers.

23. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 22 wherein the wood pulp fibers are waste sludge fibers.

24. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 wherein the ash content of the granules is less than 30 percent by weight.

25. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 wherein the oil Surface Residue Value of the granules is less than 0.2 grams.

26. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 wherein the oil Surface Residue Value of the granules is less than 0.1 grams.

27. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 having a plastic Flow Value of less than 20 seconds.

28. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 having a plastic Flow Value of less than 10 seconds.

29. The free flowing absorbent granules of claim 1 having a plastic Flow Value of less than 5 seconds.