Rendering architecture with selectable processing of multi-pixel spans

• US 5,764,243 A
• Filed: 05/01/1996
• Issued: 06/09/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 03/24/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: ZiiLabs Inc., Ltd. (Creative Technology Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: 3DLabs Incorporated Limited (Creative Technology Ltd.)
• Inventors: Baldwin, David Robert
• Primary Examiner(s): Tung, Kee M.
• Application Number:
  US08/640,662
• Time in Patent Office: 769 Days
• Field of Search: 345/506, 345/502, 345/507, 345/509, 345/519, 345/122, 345/125, 345/129, 345/130-132, 345/134, 345/140, 345/141, 395/506, 395/502, 395/507, 395/509, 395/519, 395/422, 395/425, 395/429-432, 395/434, 395/440, 395/441
• US Class Current: 345/506
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/14 Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/20 Processor architectures; Processor configuration, e.g. pipelining
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/04 Texture mapping
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/003 to produce spatial visual effects
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/363 Graphics controllers
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/393 Arrangements for updating the contents of the bit-mapped memory

Abstract

A rendering system with multi-pixel span processing capability. When 3D graphics processes are not required, 2D data is processed in multi-pixel span fragments. Span fragments permit parallel processing of multiple pixels in a serial architecture, and permit VRAM block fills for accelerated processing under optimal conditions.

Claims

1. A rendering system, comprising:

an external data input connection;

a rasterizer connected to receive and process 2D and 3D primitives from said external data input connections, and accordingly to decompose said primitives into fragments;

wherein in an externally selected first mode of operation of said rasterizer, said rasterizer decomposes at least some of the 2D primitives into multi-pixel fragments which each include multiple pixels; and

wherein in an externally selected second mode of operation of said rasterizer, multi-pixel fragment processing is disabled; and

rendering hardware connected to receive said fragments from said rasterizer, and to render said fragments;

whereby the rendering system provides accelerated performance of 2D rendering tasks.

2. The rendering system of claim 1, wherein a multi-pixel data mask corresponding to each of said multi-pixel fragments is passed with said multi-pixel fragment data, and is modified by said rendering hardware.

3. A rendering system, comprising:

an external data input connection;

a rasterizer connected to receive and process 2D and 3D primitives from said external data input connections, and accordingly to decompose said primitives into fragments;

wherein in an externally selected first mode of operation of said rasterizer, said rasterizer decomposes at least some of the 2D primitives into multi-pixel fragments which each include multiple pixels; and

rendering hardware connected to receive said fragments from said rasterizer, and to render said fragments;

whereby the rendering system provides accelerated performance of 2D rendering tasks;

wherein when said fragments are passed between said rasterizer and said rendering hardware, less total data is required to be passed when using said multi-pixel fragments than when using a corresponding set of single-pixel fragments.

4. The rendering system of claim 3, wherein said rasterizer also operates in an externally selected second mode of operation, in which multi-pixel fragment processing is disabled.

5. A rendering system, comprising:

an external data input connection;

a rasterizer connected to receive and process 2D and 3D primitives from said external data input connections, and accordingly to decompose said primitives into fragments;

wherein in an externally selected first mode of operation of said rasterizer, said rasterizer decomposes at least some of the 2D primitives into multi-pixel fragments which each include multiple pixels; and

rendering hardware connected to receive said fragments from said rasterizer, and to render said fragments;

wherein said rendering hardware uses a fast block fill on said multi-pixel fragments which are of a constant color;

whereby the rendering system provides accelerated performance of 2D rendering tasks.

6. The rendering system of claim 5, wherein when said fragments are passed between said rasterizer and said rendering hardware, less total data is required to be passed when using said multi-pixel fragments than when using a corresponding set of single-pixel fragments.

7. The rendering system of claim 5, wherein said rasterizer also operates in an externally selected second mode of operation, in which multi-pixel fragment processing is disabled.

8. A graphics processing subsystem, comprising:

an input buffer;

a rasterizer, connected to read messages from said input buffer and, in a first mode of operation, to generate a sequence of pixel locations accordingly, and in a second mode of operation, to generate multi-pixel sets and corresponding pixel location pointers accordingly;

one or more differential data analyzers, operatively connected to receive messages from said rasterizer, and connected to provide a sequence of incrementally changing parameter values for sequences of pixel locations or pixel sets defined by messages received from said rasterizer;

a plurality of additional processing units, operatively connected in series in a pipeline relationship, and jointly operatively connected to receive messages from said differential data analyzers;

plural ones of said additional processing units each having customized hardware which is different from one another and from said differential data analyzers;

said processing units being mutually interconnected in a pipeline relationship, such that individual ones of said processing units receive messages and, in accordance with the content of each said respective message, programmably perform a respective graphics processing operation, and selectably transmit said respective message to a succeeding one of said processing units;

whereby said plural processing units jointly provide a pipelined multiple-instruction-multiple-device (MIMD) graphics processing architecture.

9. The graphics processing subsystem of claim 8, wherein said parameter is a color value.

10. The graphics processing subsystem of claim 8, wherein said parameter is a depth value.

11. The graphics processing subsystem of claim 8, wherein said processing units include a texturing unit.

12. The graphics processing subsystem of claim 8, wherein said processing units include a memory access unit which reads and writes a local buffer memory.

13. The graphics processing subsystem of claim 8, wherein at least some ones of said processing units include internally paralleled data paths.

14. The graphics processing subsystem of claim 8, wherein said rasterizer and said differential data analyzers and all of said additional processing units are integrated into a single integrated circuit.

15. The graphics processing subsystem of claim 8, wherein said rasterizer generates step messages which are passed through all of said processors.

16. A rendering method, comprising the steps of:

(a.) receiving primitive data;

(b.) if a first mode is selected, then

decomposing said primitive data into multi-pixel fragments;

performing a set of pre-rendering graphics processes on said fragments;

rendering said fragments and storing the result in a framebuffer;

(c.) if a second mode is selected, then

decomposing said primitive data into single-pixel fragments;

performing a set of pre-rendering graphics processes on said fragments;

rendering said fragments and storing the result in a framebuffer; and

(d.) displaying the contents of said framebuffer;

wherein said multi-pixel fragments allow multiple pixels to be processed in parallel.

17. The rendering method of claim 16, wherein said first mode indicates that 2D data is being processed.

18. The rendering method of claim 16, wherein said second mode indicates that 3D data is being processed.

19. The rendering method of claim 16, wherein using said multi-pixel fragments allows fragment data to be passed in less total data entries than when using corresponding single-pixel fragments.

20. The rendering method of claim 16, wherein said graphics processes of step (b.) include a clipping process in which each said fragment is compared against a corresponding multi-pixel mask.

21. The rendering method of claim 16, wherein said graphics processes of step (b.) include a coloring process in which a color mask having data for at least one color is applied to each said fragment.

22. The rendering method of claim 21, wherein VRAM block fills are used when said color mask has data for only one color.