Method for generating electrical power from fuel cell powered cars parked in a conventional parking lot

• US 5,767,584 A
• Filed: 11/14/1995
• Issued: 06/16/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 11/14/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Grow International Corporation
• Original Assignee: Grow International Corporation
• Inventors: Roman, Harry T., Gore, Gerald E., Gore, Robert A., Wittman, Wayne K., Gore, Michael D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Stephan, Steven L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ponomarenko, Nicholas
• Application Number:
  US08/557,339
• Time in Patent Office: 945 Days
• Field of Search: 290/1 R, 290/4 R, 290/4 A
• US Class Current: 290/1.00R
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/26 Rail vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/28 Trailers
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/71 Arrangement of fuel cells within vehicles specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/72 Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/20 characterised by converters located in the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/33 by cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/34 by heating
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/40 for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: F02G 1/043 the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2101/30 for aircraft
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/04 Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 : Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for generating electrical power from multiple vehicles powered by fuel cells while the vehicles are parked in a parking lot. A plurality of spaced-apart electrical receptacles are provided for receiving an electric cable for connection to a parked vehicle for electrically connecting the fuel cell in each of the parked vehicles to the plurality of electrical receptacles. An electric power grid is electrically connected to the plurality of electrical receptacles for transferring D.C. electrical power from the fuel cells in the parked vehicles to the electric power grid. At least one electric power collection station is electrically connected to the electric power grid for collecting at a common point the D.C. electric power in the electric power grid. In addition, at least one inverter is electrically connected to the electric power collection station for converting the D.C. electric power to A.C. electric power. Apparatus is provided for supplying the A.C. electric power to a load or a utility grid.

Claims

1. Apparatus for generating electrical power from multiple vehicles powered by fuel cells while the vehicles are parked, comprising:

a) a plurality of spaced-apart electrical receptacles each for receiving an electric cable for connection to a parked vehicle for electrically connecting the fuel cell in each of the parked vehicles to said plurality of electrical receptacles;

a plurality of spaced-apart fuel connectors each for supplying fuel to a parked vehicle for operating the fuel cell in each of the parked vehicles;

b) an electric power collection grid electrically connected to said plurality of electrical receptacles for collecting and transferring D.C. electrical power from the fuel cells in the parked vehicles to said electric power collection grid;

c) at least one non-storing, electric power collection station electrically connected to said electric power collection grid for joining and transferring at a common point the D.C. electric power in said electric power collection grid;

d) at least one inverter electrically connected to said at least one electric power collection station for converting the D.C. electric power to A.C. electric power; and

e) means for supplying the A.C. electric power to a load and a utility grid for supplying electric power to other loads.

2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, further including a fuel supply grid connected to said plurality of fuel connectors for supplying fuel thereto.

3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 2, wherein each of said fuel connectors is a fuel hose and a receptacle for connecting said fuel hose to said fuel supply grid.

4. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said plurality of electrical receptacles are electrically connected to form a plurality of series circuits, and said plurality of series circuits are connected in parallel to produce a predetermined electrical circuit.

5. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said plurality of electrical receptacles are each connected to one of said electric cables for connection to a parked vehicle.

6. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said electric power grid further includes a plurality of electrical relays and fault isolation means.

7. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for supplying the A.C. electric power includes a plurality of electrical relays, means for voltage regulation, and meters for monitoring the A.C. electric power being supplied.

8. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said apparatus is installed in a parking lot at street level.

9. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said apparatus is installed in a multi-level parking lot above or below ground level or a combination thereof.

10. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said apparatus is installed in an indoor or outdoor parking lot.

11. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, further including a plurality of switching devices for connection to the fuel cell in each parked vehicle for switching the fuel cell from operating the vehicle to supplying power to said plurality of electrical receptacles.

12. A method for generating electrical power from at least one fuel cell powered vehicle that is parked, comprising:

a) providing a fuel cell powered vehicle with switch means for switching between a locomotion mode and an electrical generation mode;

b) connecting said vehicle to electrical receptacle means for connecting the parked vehicle to an electric system;

c) engaging the vehicles operating system;

d) switching the vehicle and its fuel cell to the electrical generation mode to produce D.C. electrical power and to transfer said D.C. electrical power from the fuel cell to said electric system; and

e) converting the D.C. electrical power from the fuel cell to A.C. power by conversion equipment.

13. A method in accordance with claim 12, wherein the electric system is connected to a D.C. electric grid or load.

14. A method in accordance with claim 12, further including the step of supplying A.C. electric power to an A.C. electric grid or load.

15. A method in accordance with claim 12, further including the step of providing the vehicle with a fuel supply connector and means that bypasses the onboard tanks so as to allow the vehicle and its fuel cell to accept supplementary fuel to continuously generate electricity.

17. A method in accordance with claim 12, further including the step of collecting water in accordance with the following steps:

a) operating the fuel cell vehicle to produce electrical power while the vehicle is at rest;

b) collecting the water from the fuel cell vehicle utilizing a collection system; and

c) storing said collected water in a transfer or holding tank.

18. A method in accordance with claim 17, further including the steps of:

a) operating a plurality of fuel cell vehicles;

b) collecting the waste water from a plurality of fuel cell vehicles; and

c) storing said collected water.

19. A method in accordance with claim 12, further including the steps of:

a) collecting the carbon dioxide exhaust from the fuel cell vehicle; and

b) storing the collected carbon dioxide exhaust from the fuel cell vehicle.

16. A method for generating electrical power from at least one internal combustion engine powered vehicle that is parked, comprising;

a) providing an internal combustion engine powered vehicle with switch means for switching between a locomotion mode and an electrical generation mode;

b) connecting said vehicle to electrical receptacle means for connecting the parked vehicle to an electric system;

c) engaging the vehicles operating system;

d) switching the vehicle to the electrical generation mode to produce D.C. electrical power and to transfer said D.C. electrical power from the vehicle to said electric system; and

e) converting the D.C. electrical power from the vehicle to A.C. power by conversion equipment.

20. A method for generating electrical power from at least one turbine engine powered vehicle that is parked, comprising:

a) providing a turbine engine powered vehicle with switch means for switching between a locomotion mode and an electrical generation mode;

b) connecting said vehicle to electrical receptacle means for connecting the parked vehicle to an electric system;

c) engaging the vehicles operating system;

d) switching the vehicle to the electrical generation mode to produce D.C. electrical power and to transfer said D.C. electrical power from the vehicle to said electric system; and

e) converting the D.C. electrical power from the vehicle to A.C. power by conversion equipment.

21. A method for generating electrical power from at least one hybrid powered vehicle that is parked, comprising:

a) providing a hybrid powered vehicle with switch means for switching between a locomotion mode and an electrical generation mode;

b) connecting said vehicle to electrical receptacle means for connecting the parked vehicle to an electric system;

c) engaging the vehicles operating system;

d) switching the vehicle to the electrical generation mode to produce D.C. electrical power and to transfer said D.C. electrical power from the vehicle to said electric system; and

e) converting the D.C. electrical power from the vehicle to A.C. power by conversion equipment.