System for determining fertilizer blend and application rate method and apparatus for determining optimum fertilizer blends, based on a plurality of factors, to match field nutrient requirements

• US 5,768,128 A
• Filed: 09/18/1995
• Issued: 06/16/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 09/18/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: CNH Industrial America LLC (CNH Industrial N.V.)
• Original Assignee: IBOCO, Inc.
• Inventors: Thompson, Wayne, McGrath, Donald E.
• Primary Examiner(s): McElheny, Jr., Donald E.
• Application Number:
  US08/529,406
• Time in Patent Office: 1,002 Days
• Field of Search: 364/420
• US Class Current: 702/2
• CPC Class Codes: A01B 79/005 Precision agriculture
• CPC Class Codes: A01C 15/00 Fertiliser distributors combined with seeders A01C7/06
• CPC Class Codes: A01M 7/0089 Regulating or controlling systems the delivery being related to the movement of a vehicle B05B9/06
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 60/21 Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Abstract

A system is used for applying fertilizer to a field. A nutrient requirement map is first obtained for the field indicating nutrient requirements for a plurality of locations in the field. A first blend of fertilizer is calculated based on the nutrient requirements. Fertilizer components are blended to form the first blend. The first blend is loaded into a first bin of an applicator. The first blend is then applied with the applicator at a first application rate, wherein the first application rate varies as the applicator travels across the field based on nutrient requirements corresponding to the location over which the applicator is then traveling.

Claims

1. A method of applying fertilizer to a field, comprising:

obtaining a nutrient requirement map for the field indicating nutrient requirements for a plurality of locations in the field;

calculating a first blend of fertilizer based on the nutrient requirements;

calculating a second blend based on the nutrient requirements and based on the first blend;

blending fertilizer components to form the first and second blends;

loading the first and second blends into corresponding first and second bins of an applicator; and

simultaneously applying the first and second blends with the applicator at first and second application rates, wherein the application rates vary as the applicator travels across the field based on nutrient requirements corresponding to the location over which the applicator is then traveling.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein obtaining a nutrient requirement map comprises:

obtaining soil samples from a plurality of sample locations in the field;

identifying each soil sample with one of the plurality of sample locations; and

analyzing the soil samples to determine the nutrient requirements for the field.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the second blend comprises:

obtaining a second nutrient requirements map for the field indicative of second nutrient requirements for the plurality of locations, taking into account application of the first blend.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein applying the second blend comprises:

loading the second blend into a second bin of the applicator; and

applying the second blend, during application of the first blend, at a second application rate, wherein the second application rate varies as the applicator travels across the field based on second nutrient requirements corresponding to the location over which the applicator is then traveling, based on at least one of the fertilizer components in the first blend, and based on the first application rate.

5. The method of claim 4 and further comprising:

receiving applicator parameters indicative of bin sizes of the first and second bins; and

determining which of the first and second blends is to be loaded into which of the first and second bins based on the bin sizes and based on blend volumes of the first and second blends.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein at least one of the first and second blends is calculated based on the bin sizes of the applicator.

7. The method of claim 1 and further comprising:

receiving product information indicative of a cost of the fertilizer components; and

wherein at least one of the first and second blends is calculated based on the cost of the fertilizer components.

8. The method of claim 1 and further comprising:

receiving application boundary information indicative of an application range for the fertilizer components; and

wherein at least one of the first and second blends is calculated based on the application boundary information.

9. The method of claim 1 and further comprising:

receiving priority information indicative of a priority assigned to the fertilizer components, the priority corresponding to a desired application level relative to the nutrient requirements; and

calculating at least one of the first and second blends based on the priority information.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein obtaining a nutrient requirement map comprises:

obtaining field boundary information indicative of boundaries of the field, wherein the field boundary information is in the form of vector map information and wherein the nutrient requirements are in the form of raster map information.

28. The method of claim 1 and further comprising:

calculating a third blend based on the nutrient requirements and based on the first and second blends;

loading the third blend into a third bin of the applicator; and

applying the third blend simultaneously with the first and second blends.

29. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the first blend and the second blend comprises:

a single fertilizer product containing at least one of the nutrient requirements.

11. A method of applying fertilizer to a field, comprising:

calculating a first fertilizer blend;

blending fertilizer components to obtain the first fertilizer blend;

applying the first fertilizer blend to the field at an application rate; and

wherein calculating the first fertilizer blend comprises;

obtaining a nutrient requirement map for the field indicative of requirements of each of a plurality of nutrients at a plurality of locations in the field;

selecting a fertilizer product corresponding to each nutrient, each fertilizer product having a specified portion of nutrients in the fertilizer product;

assigning an application priority to each nutrient;

calculating a representative nutrient requirement for a chosen one of the nutrients and each of a remainder of the nutrients based on the nutrient requirement maps for the nutrients;

calculating a correlation coefficient indicative of a correlation between a chosen fertilizer product corresponding to the chosen nutrient and a remainder of the fertilizer products corresponding to the remainder of nutrients;

calculating a weighting factor for each of the remainder of the nutrients based on the correlation factor and the representative value for each of the remainder of the nutrients;

calculate a target ratio for each nutrient based on the weighting factor;

multiplying the target ratio of each nutrient by the specified portion of the nutrient in the corresponding fertilizer product to obtain a nutrient analysis for each nutrient;

determining an amount of each of the remainder of nutrients contributed by the fertilizer product corresponding to the chosen nutrient;

adjusting the nutrient analysis for each of the remainder of the nutrients based on the amount of each of the remainder of the nutrients contributed by the fertilizer product corresponding to the chosen nutrient;

calculating an amount of each fertilizer product to be blended in a first blend based on the nutrient analyses for the chosen nutrient and the nutrient requirements for the chosen nutrient; and

calculating an application rate map for the first blend indicative of an application rate for the first blend at the plurality of locations in the field.

12. The method of claim 11 and further comprising:

calculating a second set of nutrient requirement maps based on the first nutrient requirement maps and the nutrients in the first blend.

13. The method of claim 12 and further comprising:

calculating a second blend based on the second set of nutrient requirement maps.

14. The method of claim 13 and further comprising:

blending the second blend;

receiving applicator information indicative of bin size of bins on an applicator; and

assigning the first and second blends to bins on the applicator based on the bin sizes.

15. The method of claim 11 wherein calculating a target ration comprises:

summing the weighting factors calculated for each nutrient; and

dividing the weighting factor for each nutrient by the sum of all the weighting factors.

16. The method of claim 11 wherein calculating a weighting factor comprises:

multiplying the representative nutrient requirement by a square of the correlation factor.

17. The method of claim 11 and further comprising:

calculating a blend cost based on the first blend; and

determining whether the blend cost meets a predetermined dollar threshold; and

adjusting the first blend when the blend cost does not meet the dollar threshold.

18. The method of claim 16 wherein adjusting the first blend comprises one of:

changing application rate of the first blend at a plurality of locations in the field; and

making nutrient specific changes to the first blend.

19. A method of applying fertilizer to a field, comprising:

calculating a plurality of fertilizer blends and an application rate for each of the plurality of fertilizer blends;

blending fertilizer components to obtain the plurality of fertilizer blends;

providing a fertilizer applicator having a plurality of bins, each bin having a bin size;

wherein at least one of the plurality of fertilizer blends is calculated based on the bin sizes and the application rates;

loading the plurality of fertilizer blends into the bins based on bin sizes; and

applying the plurality of fertilizer blends to the field at the application rates.

20. A method of applying an agricultural input to a field, comprising:

obtaining input requirements for a plurality of locations in the field;

specifying a precision factor indicative of an allowable precision in matching agricultural input application to the input requirements;

calculating a first application blend based on the input requirements and based on the precision factor;

blending input components to form the first blend; and

applying the first blend, with an applicator, to the field.

21. The method of claim 20 and further comprising:

calculating a second application blend based on the input requirements, taking into account the input components in the first blend and based on the precision factor;

blending input components to form the second blend; and

wherein applying comprises simultaneously applying the first and second blends, with an applicator, to the field.

22. A method of applying fertilizer to a field, the method comprising:

obtaining nutrient requirements for a plurality of locations in the field;

calculating a first fertilizer blend to accommodate a first set of the nutrient requirements, within a tolerance range, based on the nutrient requirements and based on available fertilizer products;

calculating a second fertilizer blend to accommodate a second set of the nutrient requirements, within a tolerance range, based on the nutrient requirements taking into account application of the first fertilizer blend and based on available fertilizer products; and

simultaneously applying the first and second fertilizer blends to the field with an applicator.

23. A method of applying fertilizer to a field, comprising:

obtaining nutrient requirements for a plurality of locations in a field;

assigning a priority to each of a plurality of the nutrient requirements;

calculating a first fertilizer blend to accommodate a first set of the nutrient requirements, within a tolerance range, based on the nutrient requirements, based on t he priority, and based on available fertilizer products;

calculating a second fertilizer blend to accommodate a second set of the nutrient requirements, within a tolerance range, based on the nutrient requirements taking into account application of the first fertilizer blend, based on the priority, and based on available fertilizer products; and

simultaneously applying the first and second fertilizer blends to the field with an applicator.

24. A method of applying an agricultural input to a field, comprising:

obtaining input requirements for a plurality of locations in a field;

obtaining a list of available products corresponding to each of the input requirement, and a cost for each of the products;

iteratively calculating a first blend to accommodate a first set of the input requirements, within a tolerance range, based on the requirements, based on the available products, and based on the cost of the available products;

forming the first blend; and

applying the first blend to the field with an applicator.

25. The method of claim 24 and further comprising:

iteratively calculating a second blend to accommodate a second set of the input requirements, within a tolerance range, based on the input requirements taking into account application of the first blend, based on the cost of the available products and based on the available products; and

wherein applying comprises simultaneously applying the first and second blends.

26. A method of applying fertilizer to a field with an applicator having a plurality of bins, each bin having a bin size, comprising:

obtaining nutrient requirements for a plurality of locations in a field;

calculating a first fertilizer blend to accommodate a first set of the nutrient requirements, within a tolerance range, based on the nutrient requirements and based on available fertilizer products;

calculating a second fertilizer blend to accommodate a second set of the nutrient requirements, within a tolerance range, based on the nutrient requirements taking into account application of the first fertilizer blend, and based on available fertilizer products;

calculating a quantity of each of the first and second blends required for application to a first of the plurality of locations in the field;

loading the quantity of each of the first and second blends into a corresponding bin on the applicator; and

simultaneously applying the first and second fertilizer blends to the first of the plurality of locations in the field with the applicator such that the entire quantity of each of the fertilizer blends is applied to the field and depleted from the corresponding bins approximately simultaneously.

27. A computer programmed to calculate fertilizer blends to be applied to a field, the computer programmed to perform the following steps:

obtain nutrient requirements for a plurality of locations in the field;

calculate a first fertilizer blend to accommodate a first set of the nutrient requirements, within a tolerance range, based on the nutrient requirements and based on available fertilizer products;

calculate a second fertilizer blend to accommodate a second set of the nutrient requirements, within a tolerance range, based on the nutrient requirements taking into account application of the first fertilizer blend and based on available fertilizer products; and

providing an output indicative of the first and second fertilizer blends.