Distortion compensation control for a power amplifier

• US 5,770,971 A
• Filed: 07/26/1996
• Issued: 06/23/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 07/26/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hanger Solutions, LLC (IP Investments Group LLC)
• Original Assignee: Northern Telecom Limited (Nortel Networks Corporation)
• Inventors: McNicol, John Duncan
• Primary Examiner(s): MOTTOLA, STEVEN J
• Application Number:
  US08/690,434
• Time in Patent Office: 697 Days
• Field of Search: 330/52, 330/149, 330/151, 332/159, 332/161
• US Class Current: 330/52
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3235 using a pilot signal
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3247 using feedback acting on predistortion circuits H03F1/3264 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3288 to compensate phase shift as a function of the amplitude
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/102 A non-specified detector of a signal envelope being used in an amplifying circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2201/3212 Using a control circuit to adjust amplitude and phase of a signal in a signal path
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2201/3221 Predistortion by overamplifying in a feedforward stage the distortion signal to have a combined main signal and "negative" distortion to form the predistorted signal for a further stage. so that after amplification in the further stage only the amplified main signal remains
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2201/3233 Adaptive predistortion using lookup table, e.g. memory, RAM, ROM, LUT, to generate the predistortion

Abstract

A control arrangement and method for controlling a gain and phase adjuster used for controlling the gain and phase of a compensation signal for compensating for the distortion produced by a power amplifier is disclosed. The control arrangement makes use of a reference signal, of known frequency, which is amplified along with the desired carrier signals. The reference signal component of the amplified signal is then isolated and a comparison is made, either with the actual reference signal, e.g., by a QAM demodulator, or alternatively with the known frequency of the reference signal, e.g., by a FM discriminator, in order to determine the differences in gain and in phase of the reference signal component of the amplified signal in comparison with the reference signal. For example, a QAM demodulator is used for producing a first difference signal indicative of the phase switch difference, and a second difference signal indicative of the gain switch difference. These signals are then correlated with the signal envelope of the main signal in order to produce signals indicative of the sign and magnitude of the control signals used to adjust the gain and phase adjuster in a feed back loop.

Claims

1. A distortion compensation circuit for a power amplifier comprising:

an input path for forwarding a combined signal to said amplifier to form an amplified signal, said combined signal comprising at least one carrier and a reference signal;

a compensation path for producing a compensation signal for compensating for the distortion produced by said amplifier;

a control unit;

coupler for coupling said amplified signal to said control unit; and

said control unit comprising;

error signal means for producing a first signal indicative of the AM/AM distortion within an amplified reference signal component of said amplified signal and for producing a second signal indicative of the AM/PM distortion within said amplified reference signal component;

an envelope detector for detecting the instantaneous RF signal envelope of said amplified signal,

a first mixer for correlating said first signal with said signal envelope in order to form a first error signal and

a second mixer for correlating said second signal with said signal envelope in order to form a second error signal; and

a gain and phase adjuster, responsive to said control unit, for adjusting the gain and phase of said compensation signal in order to minimize said error signals.

2. A distortion compensation circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said error signals indicate both the sign and the magnitude of the adjustments made by said gain and phase adjuster.

3. A distortion compensation circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein said error signal means comprises an FM discriminator and integrator for producing said first signal and an envelope detector or an AM discriminator for producing said second signal.

4. A distortion compensation circuit as claimed in claim 2, herein said error signal means comprises a QAM demodulator and wherein said control unit further comprises oscillator coupling means for coupling said reference signal to said QAM demodulator'"'"'s local oscillator input.

5. A distortion compensation circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein said input path comprises:

means for receiving an RF signal to be amplified;

means for producing a reference signal; and

means for coupling said reference signal with said RP signal to form a combined signal to be amplified.

6. A distortion compensation circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein said input path comprises:

means for receiving an RF signal to be amplified, said RF signal comprising said at least one carrier signal and said reference signal; and

means for coupling said reference signal to said oscillator coupling means.

7. A distortion compensation circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein said oscillator coupling means further comprises phase adjuster for adjusting the phase of said reference signal.

8. A distortion compensation circuit as claimed in claim 7, wherein said coupling means further comprises a feedback loop coupled to a quadrature-phase (Q) demodulated output signal from said QAM demodulator for controlling said phase adjuster.

9. A distortion compensation circuit as claimed in claim 8, wherein said power amplifier has a non-linear characteristic and further comprising a polar rotation unit having an angle selected in accordance with the non-linear characteristic.

10. A distortion compensation circuit as claimed in claim 9, wherein said control unit further comprises an integrate and store unit.

11. A method of minimizing the intermodulation distortion produced by a RF power amplifier comprising the steps of:

(a) introducing an RF signal to be amplified, said RF signal including a reference signal;

(b) producing a compensation signal which will largely cancel the distortion produced by the RF power amplifier;

(c) producing a pair of error signals indicative of the sign and magnitude of the distortion introduced by said RF power amplifier to the reference signal; and

(d) adaptively adjusting the gain and phase of said compensation signal in order to minimize said error signals.

12. A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein step (c) comprises

isolating the amplified reference signal component of the output of said RF power amplifier;

comparing said amplified reference signal component with said reference signal in order to produce;

a first signal indicative of the difference in gain between said reference signal and said amplified reference signal component; and

a second signal indicative of the difference in phase between said reference signal and said amplified reference signal component.

13. A method as claimed in claim 12, further comprising the step of determining the instantaneous RF signal envelope of said amplified signal and wherein step (c) further comprises the steps of:

correlating said first signal with said signal envelope in order to form a signal indicative of the sign and magnitude of the gain adjustment to be made; and

correlating said second signal with said signal envelope in order to form a signal indicative of the sign and magnitude of the phase adjustment to be made.

14. A method as claimed in claim 12, herein said comparing step comprises the step of using a QAM demodulator to QAM demodulate said amplified reference signal component, using an unamplified copy of said reference signal as the oscillator input to said QAM demodulator.

15. A method as claimed in claim 13 wherein step (a) comprises the step of generating an coupling a reference signal to the RF signal to be amplified.

16. A method as claimed in claim 14 herein said compensation signal is a predistortion signal.

17. A method as claimed in claim 14 wherein said compensation signal is used to cancel said distortion after amplification by said RF power amplifier in a feed forward loop.

18. A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein step (c) comprises the steps of:

isolating the amplified reference signal component of the output of said RF power amplifier;

using an FM discriminator centered at said reference signal frequency to produce a first signal indicative of AM/PM distortion within said amplified reference signal component; and

using an envelope detector or an AM discriminator to produce a second signal indicative of the AM/AM distortion with said amplified reference signal component.

19. A method as claimed in claim 18, further comprising the step of determining the instantaneous RF signal envelope of said amplified signal and wherein step (c) further comprises the steps of:

correlating said first signal with said signal envelope in order to form a signal indicative of the sign and magnitude of the gain adjustment to be made; and

correlating said second signal with said signal envelope in order to form a signal indicative of the sign and magnitude of the phase adjustment to be made.